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2.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil ; 103(7): 611-616, 2024 Jul 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38207175

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present systematic review is to synthesize existing evidence (qualitative and quantitative) regarding age- and sex-specific differences with glenohumeral osteoarthritis. DESIGN: The electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science were searched up to March 15, 2023. Articles reporting on the association of risk factors (age and sex) with glenohumeral osteoarthritis were considered. We used Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess study quality. Meta-analysis was conducted to quantitatively summarize the association of age and sex with glenohumeral osteoarthritis. RESULTS: A total of 24 articles were retrieved for full-text review. Of 24 articles, 8 reporting age-specific and 5 articles reporting sex-specific associations with glenohumeral osteoarthritis were included. The odds ratio for the age (odds ratio = 3.18; 95% confidence interval = 1.10-15.92) and female sex (odds ratio = 1.78; 95% confidence interval = 0.95-3.42) were increased and observed statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The present systematic review and meta-analysis suggests the role of increasing age as one of the significant contributors to glenohumeral osteoarthritis. However, association of female sex with glenohumeral osteoarthritis is least convincing. Future studies are required to understand the molecular mechanisms behind the contributory role of increasing age and female sex in the establishment of glenohumeral osteoarthritis.


Asunto(s)
Osteoartritis , Articulación del Hombro , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Factores de Edad , Edad de Inicio , Osteoartritis/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Factores Sexuales , Articulación del Hombro/fisiopatología
4.
Nat Metab ; 2(2): 167-178, 2020 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32617517

RESUMEN

The neonatal mammalian heart is capable of regeneration for a brief window of time after birth. However, this regenerative capacity is lost within the first week of life, which coincides with a postnatal shift from anaerobic glycolysis to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, particularly towards fatty-acid utilization. Despite the energy advantage of fatty-acid beta-oxidation, cardiac mitochondria produce elevated rates of reactive oxygen species when utilizing fatty acids, which is thought to play a role in cardiomyocyte cell-cycle arrest through induction of DNA damage and activation of DNA-damage response (DDR) pathway. Here we show that inhibiting fatty-acid utilization promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation in the postnatatal heart. First, neonatal mice fed fatty-acid deficient milk showed prolongation of the postnatal cardiomyocyte proliferative window, however cell cycle arrest eventually ensued. Next, we generated a tamoxifen-inducible cardiomyocyte-specific, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) knockout mouse model to selectively enhance oxidation of glycolytically derived pyruvate in cardiomyocytes. Conditional PDK4 deletion resulted in an increase in pyruvate dehydrogenase activity and consequently an increase in glucose relative to fatty-acid oxidation. Loss of PDK4 also resulted in decreased cardiomyocyte size, decreased DNA damage and expression of DDR markers and an increase in cardiomyocyte proliferation. Following myocardial infarction, inducible deletion of PDK4 improved left ventricular function and decreased remodelling. Collectively, inhibition of fatty-acid utilization in cardiomyocytes promotes proliferation, and may be a viable target for cardiac regenerative therapies.


Asunto(s)
Ciclo Celular , Mitocondrias Cardíacas/metabolismo , Miocitos Cardíacos/citología , Animales , Daño del ADN , Grasas de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Grasas de la Dieta/metabolismo , Ácidos Grasos/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Noqueados , Miocitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Piruvato Deshidrogenasa Quinasa Acetil-Transferidora/genética , Piruvato Deshidrogenasa Quinasa Acetil-Transferidora/metabolismo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo
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