RESUMEN
Hypervalent iodine catalysis has been widely utilized in olefin functionalization reactions. Intermolecularly, the regioselective addition of two distinct nucleophiles across the olefin is a challenging process in hypervalent iodine catalysis. We introduce here a unique strategy using simple lithium salts for hypervalent iodine catalyst activation. The activated hypervalent iodine catalyst allows the intermolecular coupling of soft nucleophiles such as amides onto electronically activated olefins with high regioselectivity.
RESUMEN
This report outlines a versatile strategy for synthesizing a diverse array of N-heterocycles. By the utilization of common olefins, this simple protocol facilitates their coupling with various bifunctional reagents. Furthermore, it can be integrated with C-H amination techniques to directly produce N-heterocycles in a multicomponent cascade coupling process. The unique bond disconnection logic employed in this process underscores its efficiency in achieving rapid simplification through cascade couplings.
Asunto(s)
Competencia Clínica , Continuidad de la Atención al Paciente/organización & administración , Internado y Residencia/organización & administración , Cooperación del Paciente , Oncología por Radiación/educación , Oncología por Radiación/organización & administración , Intervalos de Confianza , Continuidad de la Atención al Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Hospitales Públicos , Humanos , Pacientes no Presentados/estadística & datos numéricos , Satisfacción Personal , Estudios Retrospectivos , Proveedores de Redes de SeguridadRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare robotic-prostatectomy plus adjuvant radiation therapy (RPRAT) versus primary RT for high-risk prostate cancer (HRPCa). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed for the HRPCa patients treated in our institution between 2000 and 2010. One hundred and twenty-three patients with high-risk disease were identified. The Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare local control and distant failure rates between the two treatment modalities. For prostate-specific antigen comparisons between groups, Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 49 months (range: 3-138 months). Local control, biochemical recurrence rate, distant metastasis, toxicity, and disease-free survival were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Primary RT is an excellent treatment option in patients with HRPCa, is equally effective and less expensive treatment compared with RPRAT. A prospective randomized study is required to guide treatment for patients with HRPCa.