RESUMEN
Mandibular fractures are common in oral and maxillofacial departments in the UK. The aim of this study was to find out the national practice in preoperative and postoperative radiographic investigations for fractured mandibles and to audit their diagnostic capacity, including specificity and sensitivity to short-term complications. The audit took place over a 4-month period and involved 100 patients across the Northern region. Ninety percent of patients were reviewed up to discharge and five of these patients developed a short-term postoperative complication. The postoperative radiograph was diagnostic in only one of the five cases. Overall, postoperative radiographs had a sensitivity of 20% and a specificity of 5% in their ability to predict short-term postoperative complications.
Asunto(s)
Oclusión Dental , Fijación Interna de Fracturas , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas Mandibulares/diagnóstico por imagen , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/diagnóstico por imagen , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Mandíbula/cirugía , Fracturas Mandibulares/cirugía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Periodo Posoperatorio , RadiografíaRESUMEN
Ectopic salivary gland inclusions in the mandible are a rare phenomenon. Classically as described by Stafne they have been found in the posterior mandibular region. Cases affecting the anterior mandible are even more unusual. We report a case of ectopic salivary gland tissue in the anterior mandible. In our discussion we emphasise the need for a thorough history, examination and relevant investigations. Mandibular radiolucencies can prove a pitfall for the unwary.
Asunto(s)
Coristoma/patología , Enfermedades Mandibulares/patología , Glándulas Salivales , Coristoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Enfermedades Mandibulares/diagnóstico por imagen , Persona de Mediana Edad , RadiografíaRESUMEN
In recognition of the many inexactitudes involved in cutting donor corneal discs, a new instrument is here described which should help to eliminate many of then, and its mode of use is outlined. For a long time instruments available to assist the corneal surgeon in his management of donor material have been inadequate. Many devices are awkward to use, or give rise to donor discs of an unreliable or uneven edge profile. In an attempt to overcome these difficulties we have designed, produced and tested a new instrument which we feel represents an advance. Because different surgeons use fresh or stored material, and because some prefer to trephine from the epithelial surface while others opt to punch from the endothelium, we have endeavoured to meet all these requirements.
Asunto(s)
Trasplante de Córnea , Equipo Quirúrgico , Humanos , Trasplante HomólogoRESUMEN
We designed and successfully used a new headrest for ophthalmic microsurgery. The symmetrical instrument has a U-shaped frame and is designed to be clamped to an operating table as a projecting extension. The headrest has been satisfactory for patients having either general or local anesthesia, and particularly useful for vitreous surgery with the Zeiss Mark VI microscope; this headrest gives excellent control over the visual field and eliminates all extraneous movement.
Asunto(s)
Microcirugia/instrumentación , Oftalmología/instrumentación , HumanosRESUMEN
The properties of the vitreous are considered from the standpoint of the physicist and engineer and the difficulties of its cutting and manipulation considered. The principles underlying existing instruments for use in the vitreous cavity are examined and a series of new instruments is described and illustrated.
Asunto(s)
Instrumentos Quirúrgicos , Cuerpo Vítreo/cirugía , Humanos , Microcirugia/instrumentaciónRESUMEN
This system of soft lens fitting in conjenction with the backward sloping corneal incision proved satisfactory in 84% of cases and provided good fill-in vision during the postoperative period--that is, until a decision about the type of long-term optical correction was made in each case.
Asunto(s)
Lentes de Contacto Hidrofílicos , Córnea/cirugía , Anciano , Extracción de Catarata , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Lentes de Contacto Hidrofílicos/efectos adversos , Anteojos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Técnicas de SuturaRESUMEN
Patients have been very satisfied with these lenses (78% wearing at the end of six months), not the least those with reduced function of the macula. The problems of infection have been discussed, and apart from improvement in lens materials patient selection is of paramount importance. The problem of deposits is presented, but theri elimination will depend on more research into their nature and development, improvement of the material's resistance to this form of attack, and improved lens design to overcome corneal and tear flow problems.