GCY-20 signaling controls suppression of Caenorhabditis elegans egg laying by moderate cold.

Organisms sensing environmental cues and internal states and integrating the sensory information to control fecundity are essential for survival and proliferation. The present study finds that a moderate cold temperature of 11°C reduces egg laying in Caenorhabditis elegans. ASEL and AWC neurons sense the cold via GCY-20 signaling and act antagonistically on egg laying through the ASEL and AWC/AIA/HSN circuits. Upon cold stimulation, ASEL and AWC release glutamate to activate and inhibit AIA interneurons by acting on highly and lowly sensitive ionotropic GLR-2 and GLC-3 receptors, respectively. AIA inhibits HSN motor neuron activity via acetylcholinergic ACR-14 receptor signaling and suppresses egg laying. Thus, ASEL and AWC initiate and reduce the cold suppression of egg laying. ASEL's action on AIA and egg laying dominates AWC's action. The biased opposite actions of these neurons on egg laying provide animals with a precise adaptation of reproductive behavior to environmental temperatures.

Sex differences in the association of childhood sexual abuse severity with premarital sex among Chinese college students in Luzhou, China.

PURPOSE: The adverse health consequences of premarital sex and childhood sexual abuse (CSA) are both global public health problems. Based on a random sample of college students from a Chinese city, this study investigated the relationship between CSA severity and premarital sex among students, focusing on sex differences. METHODS: A total of 2722 college students from 4 schools in Luzhou were recruited by multistage random sampling. Self-administered questionnaires were used to measure CSA experiences and premarital sex. Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to analyse the relationship between CSA and premarital sex. RESULTS: The prevalence of CSA was 9.39%, and that of mild, moderate and severe CSA was 4.04%, 2.90% and 2.46%, respectively. The premarital sex reporting rate was 22.42%. After adjusting for confounding variables, CSA was positively associated with premarital sex. Notably, a cumulative effect of CSA on premarital sex was observed among students. Further stratification analyses showed that males who experienced CSA had a higher premarital sex rate than females, and this sex difference was also observed among students with different CSA severities. CONCLUSION: CSA and its severity were associated with premarital sex among college students. Furthermore, this association was stronger for males than females. Therefore, it is important to emphasize CSA prevention, especially for boys. These findings can promote understanding of the effects of CSA on premarital sex, and CSA prevention and intervention strategies should consider CSA severity and sex differences.

Define of Optimal Addition Period of Osteogenic Peptide to Accelerate the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

BACKGROUND@#The addition of growth factiors is commonly applied to improve the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. However, for human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), their complex differentiation processes result in the unknown effect at different stages. In this study, we focused on the widely used bone forming peptide-1 (BFP-1) and investigated the effect and mechanisms of its addition on the osteogenic induction of hPSCs as a function of the supplementation period. @*METHODS@#Monolayer-cultured hPSCs were cultured in osteogenic induction medium for 28 days, and the effect of BFP-1 peptide addition at varying weeks was examined. After differentiation for varying days (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28), the differentiation efficiency was determined by RT–PCR, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and alizarin red staining assays. Moreover, the expression of marker genes related to germ layers and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was investigated at day 7. @*RESULTS@#Peptide treatment during the first week promoted the generation of mesoderm cells and mesenchymal-like cells from hiPSCs. Then, the upregulated expression of osteogenesis marker genes/proteins was detected in both hESCs and hiPSCs during subsequent inductions with BFP-1 peptide treatment. Fortunately, further experimental design confirmed that treating the BFP-1 peptide during 7–21 days showed even better performance for hESCs but was ineffective for hiPSCs. @*CONCLUSION@#The differentiation efficiency of cells could be improved by determining the optimal treatment period.Our study has great value in maximizing the differentiation of hPSCs by adding osteogenesis peptides based on the revealed mechanisms and promoting the application of hPSCs in bone tissue regeneration.

A real-world retrospective study of pelvic floor muscle training efficacy using an APP-based home device / 复旦学报（医学版）

Objective To retrospectively investigate the efficacy of pelvic floor muscle training(PFMT)using APP-based home device in the real-world scenario.Methods A retrospective survey was conducted among 171 000 Chinese female users over 18 years old who freely registered APP and performed PFMT using a domestic manufactured home device from Oct 1,2019 to Mar 31,2021.The Patient Global Impression of Improvement(PGI-I)questionnaires concerning pelvic floor general condition,sexual satisfaction and other three major symptoms related to pelvic floor muscle laxity such as stress urinary incontinence(SUI),pelvic organ prolapse(POP),and vaginal laxity(VL)were broadcast public online for users to self-assess the improvement.The vaginal muscle strength values prior and post training recorded by APP were also reported.All data were collected anonymously for further stratified analysis.Results A total of 984 valid questionnaires were collected by systematic sampling.The PGI-I scores of pelvic floor general condition(P=0.000 1),sexual satisfaction(P=0.009),SUI(P=0.000 1),POP(P=0.044)and VL(P=0.034)were statistically significant in users who reported to use the device for 3 months or more compared with those less than 3 months.In addition,the increase of vaginal muscle strength was related to the improvement of PGI-I scores in SUI and POP with statistical significance.There were no significant difference in subgroups such as age,education,parity,and delivery mode.Conclusion The subjective benefit of pelvic floor function-related symptoms and the improvement of vaginal muscle strength could be observed after PFMT for three months or more using APP-based home device in Chinese women in the real-world scenario.

Application research of PGT in blocking the inheritance of novel mutations in the PKHD1 gene in autoso-mal recessive polycystic kidney disease pedigrees / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the application value of single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)linkage analysis based on next-generation sequencing(NGS)technology in preimplantation genetic testing(PGT)of families with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease(ARPKD).Methods A family with ARPKD was selected,where the female member had a pregnancy ultrasound revealing polycystic kidney in the fetus.Genetic testing showed compound heterozygous mutations of the polycystic kidney/polycystic liver disease 1 gene(PKHD1),c.10444C>T(paternal)and c.4303del(maternal),with the c.4303del mutation being reported for the first time.Targeting the coding region of the PKHD1 gene,335 high-density tightly linked SNP sites were selected in the upstream and downstream 2M regions using multiplex polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and NGS.The couple′s SNP risk haplotypes carrying gene mutations were constructed.After in vitro fertilization,blastocyst culture was performed.Trophoblastic cells obtained from the biopsy were subjected to whole-genome amplification,and NGS was used for linkage analysis and low-depth chromosomal aneuploidy screening of the embryos.Sanger sequencing was used to verify the results of embryo linkage analysis.Results Among the 6 biopsied embryos,4 were mutation-free and euploid,1 exhibited heterozygous for the mutation and mosaic while another unstable sequencing data,making it impossible to judge.One of the mutation-free and developmentally healthy euploid embryos was implanted into the maternal uterus,resulting in the full-term delivery of a healthy baby.Conclusion Application of NGS-based SNP linkage analysis in PGT can effectively blocking the vertical transmission of ARPKD within families,while avoiding abortion issues caused by aneuploid embryos.This study is also the first PGT report target-ing the PKHD1 gene c.4303del mutation.

The construction and its implication of the cancer life-cycle prevention and control system in Japan / 中国卫生政策研究

As the country with the largest number of new cancer cases and deaths,China faces a serious situation with a large cancer population base,low relative survival rate,and low adherence to cancer screening.Neighboring Japan,which has the longest life expectancy in the world,has a much higher relative survival rate than China,despite having a similarly high cancer rate,due to its well-established system of cancer prevention and control.Being an Asian country,the major prevalent cancers in China and Japan are similar in spectrum and can be referred to more.This article introduces the construction of Japan's cancer life-cycle prevention and control system of"cancer prevention","cancer care",and"coexistence with cancer"starting from the three major goals of Japan's cancer prevention and control program,and focuses on the improvement of cancer screening in Japan and the improvement of cancer survival in China.It also highlights the means and methods used to increase the cancer screening rate in Japan,with a view to providing suggestions for cancer prevention and control in China.

The protective effect and mechanism of 18α glycyrrhetinic acid on acute ulcerative colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium in mice / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To explore the protective effect of 18α glycyrrhetinic acid (18α-GA) on acute ulcerative colitis (UC) induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice, providing theoretical and experimental basis for the clinical application of 18α-GA.Methods:Forty male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: DSS model group, positive drug control group, high, medium, and low dose groups of 18α-GA, with 8 mice in each group. The 5 groups of mice were continuously fed with 3% DSS solution for 7 days to establish an acute UC animal model. At the same time, each group was intraperitoneally injected with 100 mg/kg physiological saline, 100 mg/kg sulfasalazine, 40 mg/kg 18α-GA, 20 mg/kg 18α-GA, and 10 mg/kg 18α-GA daily. The weight of mice was measured and recorded daily, and the Disease Activity Index (DAI) of mice was evaluated. On the 8th day, the mice were euthanized and their colon length was measured; After slicing, the colon mucosa was observed and pathological scoring was performed; Western blot was used to detect the expression of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway related proteins in colon tissue; Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the content of interleukin(IL)-1β in colon tissue.Results:Compared with the DSS model group, the weight loss amplitude of the 18α-GA high and medium dose groups was significantly smaller on the 7th day (all P<0.05); Colon length was longer (all P<0.05), the pathological score of colon mucosa was significantly lower (all P<0.05); The expression of GSDMD, cleaved caspase1, and IL-1β in colon tissue was significantly lower (all P<0.05); The 18α-GA high-dose group had lower DAI scores ( P<0.05); The expression of NLRP3 was lower in colon tissue ( P<0.05). Conclusions:18α-GA can improve DSS induced acute ulcerative colitis in mice by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.

A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness Evaluation Tools for Multidisciplinary Diagnosis and Treatment of Tumors / 中国医院管理

Objective To understand the effectiveness evaluation research of tumor MDT,and analyze the development status and differences of evaluation tools at home and abroad,to provide reference for the subsequent summary evaluation and continuous improvement of tumor MDT,and the strengthening of MDT supervision.Methods Four literature databases at home and abroad were searched to obtain relevant literatures,and literature screening and systematic review were conducted.Results A total of 87 literatures were included,including 26 literatures in Chinese and 61 literatures in English;the most published years were 2020;the main countries of the first authors were the UK.Foreign evaluation tools focus on the key elements of structure and process,while evaluation systems in China focus on the index content at the result level.Conclusion In China,the scientific and comprehensive selection of tumor MDT evaluation indicators needs to be improved,the analysis of influencing factors on the structure and process of MDT needs to be strengthened,and the extrapolation of the existing evaluation systems need to be verified.It is suggested to strengthen the evidence support of evaluation index selection,attach importance to the evaluation of process links,promote the in-depth study of the influencing factors of tumor MDT,and further encourage the empirical application of the existing evaluation system.

Ethical considerations on the development and application of artificial intelligence in public health / 上海预防医学

With the development of digital technology， an increasing number of artificial intelligence （AI） technologies are being applied in the field of public health， significantly improving the efficiency of healthcare systems. However， such technological advancement also introduces a series of ethical risks. In this article， we conducted a systematic review by searching nine domestic and international databases and analyzing the ethical issues related to AI in public health， ultimately including 158 articles. Based on the analysis of the included literature， ethical risks were categorized into four aspects： data， algorithms， rights and responsibilities， and social impact. A total of 15 key issues were identified， among which privacy and confidentiality， informed consent， data security， and fairness， justice and inclusion emerged as the most prominent issues. The ethical challenges posed by AI in the field of public health cannot be ignored， and it is necessary to formulate ethical guidelines and practical recommendations for AI in this field， establish sound regulatory and review mechanisms， thereby ensuring the healthy development of AI research in public health.

Establishment of a risk prediction model for poly victimization among rural left behind children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To construct a risk prediction model for poly victimization (PV) among rural left behind middle and high school students in Chaoshan, and to evaluate the prediction effect of the model, so as to provide scientific basis for early identification and prevention of PV among students.@*Methods@#A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 005 left behind students, selected from 7 middle and high schools in rural areas of Shantou City and Jieyang City by a stratified random cluster sampling method from January 2020 to September 2021, for the personal, family, external environmental factors, psychological factors (mental resilience, coping approaches, self esteem and social support) and PV situations. R software and Logistic regression were used to screen predictor variables to build a risk prediction model, and the area under the ROC curve (area under the curve, AUC), accuracy, precision, recall, F1 value and calibration curve were used to evaluate the model s effect.@*Results@#The incidence rate of PV among left behind middle and high school students was 23.38%. The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that physical illness or disability ( β =1.02), grade retention during the past year ( β =1.31), having no close partner ( β =1.00), self harm intention (seldom: β = 0.58 , occasionally: β =0.79), negative peer behavior ( β =0.90), family member smoking ( β =0.59), criminal offenses of parents ( β =1.04), witnessing school bullying ( β =0.78), house moving ( β =0.58), using venting ( β =0.34) and the coping style of patience ( β =0.28) were positively correlated with PV among left behind children in Chaoshan area, and family support in psychological flexibility ( β =-0.31) was negatively correlated with PV ( P <0.05). A nomogram prediction model was constructed for the meaningful variables included in the multivariate analysis, and the prediction model AUC was 0.88, the accuracy was 82.00 %, the precision was 77.78%, and the F1 value was 43.75%. The calibration plot fitted well, and the model had good discrimination and calibration.@*Conclusion@#The risk prediction model for left behind middle and high school students with PV has good predictive performance and is helpful for schools and communities to early identify high risk middle and high school students with PV.

Evaluation value of serum AGEs level combined with LIS score on prognosis of elderly patients with sepsis-related ALI/ARDS / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To study the evaluation value of lung injury score(LIS)and advanced glycation end products(AGEs)expression levels on the prognosis of elderly patients with sepsis-related acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome(ALI/ARDS).Methods A total of 98 elderly patients with sepsis-related ALI/ARDS admitted to First Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from March 2019 to April 2021 were selected as the research group,and the patients were divided into two sub-groups according to their survival within 30 d after admission:the survival group(55 cases)and the death group(43 cases).Another 51 elderly patients with non-ALI/ARDS sepsis admitted to First Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in the same period were selected as the control group.After admission,the clinical data of patients were recorded,and the levels of serum creatinine,troponin I,B-type brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),serum C-reactive protein(CRP)and procalcitonin(PCT)were de-tected.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of AGEs in patients'serum.The LIS score was evaluated by LIS scale.With clinical factors as independent variables and prognosis as dependent variables,Logistic regression curve was used to analyze the death factors of elderly sepsis-related ALI/ARDS patients.Results AGEs levels,LIS scores,acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)scores decreased sequentially in the death group,survival group,and control group(all P<0.05).The levels of lactic acid,blood glucose,troponin I,PCT,BNP and CRP in arterial blood of patients in the death group were significantly higher than those in the survival group and the control group(P<0.05).The results showed that arterial lactate,blood glucose,troponin I,PCT,BNP,CRP,AGEs,APACHE Ⅱ score,and LIS score were all independent risk factors for mortality in elderly sepsis-related ALI/ARDS patients(P<0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of LIS score predicting prognosis in elderly sepsis-related ALI/ARDS pa-tients was 0.857(95%CI:0.821-0.911),and AUC of serum AGEs was 0.861(95%CI:0.809-0.908).LIS score and AGEs level had certain predictive value for the prognosis of elderly sepsis-related ALI/ARDS pa-tients.Conclusion The LIS score and AGEs level of the elderly patients with sepsis-related ALI/ARDS are independent risk factors of death,which have important predictive value for prognosis.

Disexcitation in the ASH/RIM/ADL negative feedback circuit fine-tunes hyperosmotic sensation and avoidance in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Sensations, especially nociception, are tightly controlled and regulated by the central and peripheral nervous systems. Osmotic sensation and related physiological and behavioral reactions are essential for animal well-being and survival. In this study, we find that interaction between secondary nociceptive ADL and primary nociceptive ASH neurons upregulates Caenorhabditis elegans avoidance of the mild and medium hyperosmolality of 0.41 and 0.88 Osm but does not affect avoidance of high osmolality of 1.37 and 2.29 Osm. The interaction between ASH and ADL is actualized through a negative feedback circuit consisting of ASH, ADL, and RIM interneurons. In this circuit, hyperosmolality-sensitive ADL augments the ASH hyperosmotic response and animal hyperosmotic avoidance; RIM inhibits ADL and is excited by ASH; thus, ASH exciting RIM reduces ADL augmenting ASH. The neuronal signal integration modality in the circuit is disexcitation. In addition, ASH promotes hyperosmotic avoidance through ASH/RIC/AIY feedforward circuit. Finally, we find that in addition to ASH and ADL, multiple sensory neurons are involved in hyperosmotic sensation and avoidance behavior.

A meta-analysis of obstetric and neonatal outcomes in patients after treatment of hysteroscopic adhesiolysis.

Introduction: Hysteroscopic adhesiolysis is widely performed in women with intrauterine adhesions. Small observational studies have reported the obstetric and neonatal outcomes, but studies with larger sample sizes are few. The aim of this study is to evaluate the obstetric and neonatal outcomes in women after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis. Methods: We conducted a literature search in July 2022 using the PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases, and finally, 32 studies (N = 3812) were included. We did a meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of placenta-related disorders, including placenta previa, placental abruption, placenta accreta, placenta increta, and retained placenta. We also included other obstetric and neonatal outcomes like postpartum hemorrhage, ectopic pregnancy, oligohydramnios, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, and intrauterine growth restriction. The results were presented as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in studies with a control group, but otherwise as prevalence (%) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The overall pregnancy and live birth rates were 58.97% and 45.56%, respectively. The prevalence of placenta previa differed in pregnant women who underwent hysteroscopic adhesiolysis compared with those who did not (OR, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.28-8.36). In studies without a comparative group, the pooled rate of placenta accreta was 7% (95% CI, 4-11) in 20 studies; placenta increta was 1% (95% CI, 0-4) in 5 studies; a retained placenta was 11% (95% CI, 5-24) in 5 studies; postpartum hemorrhage was 12% (95% CI, 8-18) in 12 studies; ectopic pregnancy was 1% (95% CI, 0-2) in 13 studies; oligohydramnios was 3% (95% CI, 1-6) in 3 studies; intrauterine growth restriction was 3% (95% CI, 1-8) in 3 studies; gestational hypertension was 5% (95% CI, 2-11) in 4 studies; and diabetes mellitus was 4% (95% CI, 2-7) in 3 studies. Discussion: Due to the paucity of good quality comparative data, the question of whether there is an increased prevalence of obstetric and neonatal complications in women after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis compared with the general population remains unanswered. The findings from this review will provide a basis for more well-designed studies in the future. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=364021, identifier [CRD42022364021].

Mechanism of Wuling Capsules against hepatic fibrosis based on network pharmacology and animal experiments / 中国中药杂志

The present study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of Wuling Capsules in the treatment of hepatic fibrosis(HF) through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and animal experiments. Firstly, the chemical components and targets of Wuling Capsules against HF were searched from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP), Traditional Chinese Medicines Integrated Database(TCMID), GeneCards, and literature retrieval. The protein-protein interaction(PPI) network analysis was carried out on the common targets by STRING database and Cytoscape 3.9.1 software, and the core targets were screened, followed by Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. Enrichment analysis was conducted on the core targets and the "drug-core component-target-pathway-disease" network was further constructed. Subsequently, molecular docking between core components and core targets was conducted using AutoDock Vina software to predict the underlying mechanism of action against HF. Finally, an HF model induced by CCl_4 was constructed in rats, and the general signs and liver tissue morphology were observed. HE and Masson staining were used to analyze the liver tissue sections. The effects of Wuling Capsules on the levels of inflammatory factors, hydroxyproline(HYP) levels, and core targets were analyzed by ELISA, RT-PCR, etc. A total of 445 chemical components of Wuling Capsules were screened, corresponding to 3 882 potential targets, intersecting with 1 240 targets of HF, and 47 core targets such as TNF, IL6, INS, and PIK3CA were screened. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the core targets mainly affected the process of cell stimulation response and metabolic regulation, involving cancer, PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and other signaling pathways. Molecular docking showed that the core components of Wuling Capsules, such as lucidenic acid K, ganoderic acid B, lucidenic acid N, saikosaponin Q2, and neocryptotanshinone, had high affinities with the core targets, such as TNF, IL6 and PIK3CA. Animal experiments showed that Wuling Capsules could reduce fat vacuole, inflammatory infiltration, and collagen deposition in rat liver, decrease the levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and HYP, and downregulated the expressions of PI3K and Akt mRNA. This study suggests that the anti-HF effect of Wuling Capsules may be achieved by regulating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, reducing the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 inflammatory factors, and inhibiting the excessive deposition of collagen.

Relationship between Iron Metabolic Parameters and Platelet Counts in Blood Donors / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the correlation of iron metabolic parameters with platelet counts in blood donors.@*METHODS@#A total of 400 blood donors who met requirements of apheresis platelet donation were collected, and their hematological parameters were analyzed. The donors were divided into low ferritin group and normal group, the differences of hematological parameters between the two groups were compared, and the correlation of iron metabolic parameters and routine hematology parameters with platelet counts were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Whether male or female, low ferritin group had higher platelet counts than normal group (P < 0.01). Among the iron metabolic parameters, the platelet counts was negatively correlated with serum ferritin (SF), serum iron (SI), and transferrin saturation (TSAT) (r =-0.162, r =-0.153, r =-0.256), and positively correlated with total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC) (r =0.219, r =0.294) in female blood donors. Platelet counts was also negatively correlated with SF, SI and TSAT (r =-0.188, r =-0.148, r =-0.224) and positively correlated with UIBC (r =0.220) in male blood donors. Among the routine hematology parameters, platelet counts was negatively correlated with mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (Ret-He) in female blood donors (r =-0.236, r =-0.267, r =-0.213, r =-0.284). Platelet counts was also negatively correlated with MCH, MCHC and Ret-He in male blood donors (r =-0.184, r =-0.221, r =-0.209).@*CONCLUSION@#In blood donors with low C-reactive protein level, the lower the iron store capacity, the lower the iron utilization, and the platelet counts tends to rise.

Sinicization of the Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear Scale and the test of reliability and validity / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To sinicize the Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF-4C +), and to test its reliability and validity. Methods:According to the Brislin translation model, the literal translation, back translation, cultural adjustment and pre-investigation of the scale were carried out to form the Chinese version of the IDAF-4C + Scale, and the convenience sampling method was used to investigate the outpatients of the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University from October 2021 to January 2022 to verify the reliability and validity of the scale. Results:The Chinese version of the IDAF-4C + Scale consisted of three modules (core anxiety module, fear module and stress module), with a total of 23 items, of which the core anxiety module included cognitive, physiological, behavioral and emotional dimensions. The content validity index of each item was 0.8-1.0, and the content validity index of the total scale was 0.913; the construct validity was 0.903, and a common factor was extracted by exploratory factor analysis of anxiety module. The contribution rate of cumulative variance was 72.037%. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fitted well and all the adaptation indexes were up to the standard. Using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) as the criterion, the correlation coefficient between IDAF-4C module and MDAS was 0.66, the Cronbach α coefficient of the scale was 0.913, and the test-retest reliability was 0.923. Conclusions:The Chinese version of the IDAF-4C + Scale has good reliability and validity and can be used as a tool to measure and evaluate the level of dental anxiety and fear in oral patients.

Down regulation of dopamine receptor D2 inhibits the growth of EO771 cell-based xenograft breast tumor through promoting Th1 cell differentiation / 肿瘤

Objective:To investigate the role and mechanism of dopamine receptor D2(DRD2)in the immune microenvironment of breast cancer. Methods:The xenograft model of breast cancer is established using female C57BL/6J mice and murine breast cancer EO771 cells.Mice with transplanted tumor were treated by intraperitoneal injection of the specific antagonist of DRD2,thioridazine,while PBS was injected intraperitoneally in the control group.siDRD2 targeting DRD2 gene was intratumorally injected to tumor-bearing mice[negative control siRNA(siNC)was injected to the control group].The percentage of Ki-67 positive cells and CD4+T lymphocytes in tumor tissue was examined by immunohistochemical analysis.The proportion of CD45+CD4+T lymphocytes,CD45+CD4+IFNγ+Th1 cells and CD45+CD4+IL-1 7+Th17 cells was detected by flow cytometry. Results:Compared with the control group,the tumor volume(P＜0.05),tumor mass(P＜0.001)and the proportion of Ki-67 positive cells(P＜0.001)in tumor tissue were decreased in the thioridazine-treated group.The proportion of CD45+immune cells(P＜0.05)and CD4+T lymphocytes(P＜0.001)in thioridazine-treated group was higher than that in the control group.The proportion of Th1 cells(CD45+CD4+IFNγ+)increased(P＜0.001)in thioridazine-treated group.There was no significant changes in the proportion of Th1 7 cells(CD45+CD4+IL-1 7+)(P＞0.05).Compared with the control group(siNC),the tumor volume(P＜0.05),tumor mass(P＜0.001)and the proportion of Ki-67 positive cells(P＜0.001)were decreased in siDRD2 group.The proportion of tumor infiltrating CD4+T lymphocytes(P＜0.001)and Th1 cells(P＜0.001)in the siDRD2 group was higher than that in the siNC group,whereas the change in the proportion of Th1 7 cells was not statistically significant(P＞0.05). Conclusion:Down-regulation of DRD2 could promote the differentiation of Th1 cells and inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells in a mouse breast cancer model.

Percutaneous transluminal pulmonary angioplasty for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension:a case report / 中国介入心脏病学杂志

This paper reports that one patient with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension was significantly improved and close to cure after staged treatment with percutaneous transluminal pulmonary angioplasty on the basis of anticoagulant therapy and pulmonary arterial hypertension-targeted medical therapy.The mean pulmonary artery pressure decreased from 51 mmHg to 20 mmHg.The World Health Organization(WHO)functional class improved from Ⅲ to Ⅰ.This case provides a reference for the treatment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in clinical practice.

Factors correlating to frozen⁃thawed embryo transfer outcomes in preimplantation genetic testing cycles / 安徽医科大学学报

Objective@#To explore the factors associated with the transplant outcomes after the treatment of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) for infertile patients.@*Methods@# A retrospective analysis of data of frozen⁃thawed embryo transfers in PGT for structural rearrangements/PGT for monogenic ( PGT⁃SR/PGT⁃M) cycles was performed. According to the transplant outcomes , it was divided into the pregnancy group (74 cases) and the nonpregnancy group (74 cases) . The factors including male age , female age , duration of infertility , number of abortion , female BMI , follicle⁃stimulating hormone (FSH) , luteinizing hormone ( LH) , estradiol( E2) , progesterone(P) , blood glucose , insulin , albumin , total cholesterol , triglycerides , high⁃density lipoprotein( HDL) , parents ′causes of infertility , type of chromosomal abnormality , number of retrieved oocyte , number of meiosis II( MII) , number of fertilization , number of two pronuclei(2PN) , endometrial thickness on embryo transfer day , endometrial preparation , day of embryo development , presence of a top quality embryo ( TQE) or not were analyzed by the Mann⁃Whitney U test and Pearson ′s chi⁃square test. The probability of transplant outcomes in correlation with the relevant parameters analyzed was measured with multivariate logistic regression analysis.@*Results@#Univariate analysis indicated that E2 , insulin , total cholesterol , triglycerides and endometrial preparation were significantly associated with transplant outcomes in PGT⁃SR , PGT⁃M cycles (P < 0. 05) . Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that lower levels of insulin ( OR = 0. 14 , 95% CI = 0. 03 - 0. 27) and triglycerides ( OR = 1. 38 , 95% CI = 0. 14 -2. 78) in women were beneficial to transplant outcomes in PGT cycles. For endometrial preparation , compared with natural cycles , hormone replacement therapy (HRT) cycles ( OR = 3. 52 , 95% CI = 2. 54 - 4. 65) were another factor to improve transplant outcomes.@*Conclusion@#There is a correlation between the levels of insulin and triglycerides , endometrial preparation and transplant outcomes in PGT cycles. In detail , lower levels of insulin and triglycerides , and the HRT cycle can lead to a better transplant outcome.

Analysis of pregnancy outcome of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy in cycles with different indications / 安徽医科大学学报

Objective @#To analyze the pregnancy outcome of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) in cycles with different indications．@*Methods @#The clinical information of 549 couples who underwent PGT-A were retrospectively analyzed．The cycles were divided into 6 groups according to the indication for PGT-A，namely : recurrent pregnancy loss group(n = 304) ，repeated implantation failure group(n = 57) ，advanced age group( ≥38 years old，n = 80) ，history of adverse pregnancy group(chorionic trisomy or adverse pregnancy，n = 24) ，male factor infertility group (n = 67) ，and abnormal sex chromosome number group (n = 17) ．The basic information，the number of retrieved oocytes，embryo biopsy result and pregnancy outcome were compared among different indication groups. @*Results@#The average age and days of gonadotropin ( Gn) used among the six groups were statistically different (P＜0. 001) ．The average number of retrieved oocytes，the rate of good-quality embryos，mosaic embryos， abnormal embryos and normal embryos，the average ovarian sensitivity index ( OSI) among the six groups were statistically different (P = 0. 03，P ＜0. 001，P = 0. 03，P ＜0. 001，P ＜0. 001，P ＜0. 001 ) ．Advanced age group had the highest rate of abnormal embryos，the least average number of retrieved oocytes，the lowest OSI and the lowest rate of normal embryos．There were statistical differences in clinical pregnancy rate，ongoing pregnancy rate and cumulative pregnancy rate per oocyte retrieved cycle (P＜0. 001) among the six groups，but there were no statistical differences in clinical pregnancy rate，ongoing pregnancy rate per transfer cycle and cumulative pregnancy rate among the five groups except for the male factor infertility group．@*Conclusion@#PGT-A can detect euploid embryo to transfer thereby improving pregnancy efficiency．The advanced age women have normal embryo to transfer and can obtain a better pregnancy rate，which may shorten their time of“take- baby -home ”．At the same time， PGT-A can significantly improve the pregnancy outcome of those with male factor infertility.