Kurtzmaniella hittingeri f.a., sp. nov., isolated from rotting wood and fruits, and transfer of three Candida species to the genus Kurtzmaniella as new combinations.

Twelve strains of a novel yeast species were isolated from rotting wood, mushrooms and fruit samples in Brazil and French Guiana. Analysis of the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region and the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene showed that the novel species belongs to the Kurtzmaniella clade. The novel species differed from its closest relative, Candida natalensis, by 12 substitutions in the D1/D2 sequences. The novel species could be distinguished from C. natalensis by its inability to assimilate cellobiose and salicin, and growth at 50 % (w/w) glucose. The name Kurtzmaniella hittingeri f.a., sp. nov. is proposed for the novel species. The type strain of K. hittingeri sp. nov. is CBS 13469T (=UFMG CM-Y272T). The MycoBank number is 827183. We also propose the transfer of Candida fragi, Candida quercitrusa and Candida natalensis to the genus Kurtzmaniella as new combinations.

Higienização das mãos: hábitos, obstáculos, e a técnica desenvolvida pelos discentes do 6º ano de medicina e do 4º ano de enfermagem de um hospital escola / Handwashing habits and objections: the technique developed by the 6th and 4th medical and nursing students, respectively, at a Teaching Hospital

O tabagismo e o etilismo são considerados grandes problemas de saúde pública, pois geram agravos àsaúde, além de prejuízos aos cofres públicos. Trata-se de um estudo com o objetivo de identificar a ocorrênciade tabagismo e etilismo entre acadêmicos de medicina e enfermagem, considerando os fatores relacionadosaos vícios. Ele foi realizado junto à Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto – FAMERP, envolvendo acadêmicos de medicina e enfermagem. Preservando-se os aspectos éticos relacionados à pesquisa em seres humanos, os dados foram coletados com aplicação de questionário, com questões sobre etilismo e tabagismo.Participaram do estudo 346 acadêmicos (186 – 77,5% do total de acadêmicos da enfermagem e 160 – 41,7% dototal de acadêmicos da medicina). Apenas 7,5% eram fumantes, correspondendo a 11 - 5,9% - dos acadêmicos participantes da enfermagem e 15 – 9,4% dos acadêmicos participantes da medicina; 88,5% começaram a fumar influenciados por amigos, parentes e propaganda; 50% fumavam entre 11 a 20 cigarros por dia; 53,8%referiram sensação de relaxamento ao fumar; 69,2% começam a fumar logo pela manhã; 84,6% referiram já tertentado parar de fumar e 88,5% pretendem parar com o tabagismo. Sobre etilismo, 57,7% dos acadêmicos da medicina e 21,4% dos acadêmicos de enfermagem referiram ingerir bebida alcoólica freqüentemente; 67,1%começaram a ingerir bebida alcoólica antes ou a partir dos 15 anos; 21,3% referiram etilismo freqüente; 54,9%relataram que pai é etilista; 20,5% informaram ter problema com etilismo na família. Mais da metade dosacadêmicos do estudo não consentiu em participar da pesquisa, dificultando uma análise mais abrangente desta questão na instituição estudada. De qualquer modo, os dados obtidos subsidiam a proposição e implementação de medidas educativas quanto à morbidade relacionada ao etilismo e tabagismo, na instituição estudada.

Introduction: Smoking and alcoholism are considered major problems of public health, once both produce damages to health and consequently, a burden to the public treasury. The aim of the present study is to identify smoking and alcoholism occurrence among medical and nursing students taking into account the factors related to their addictions. This study was carried out at the Medical School of São José do Rio Preto,FAMERP, among medical and nursing students. ethical issues associated with human subjects research were preserved. The data were collected using a questionnaire with questions about alcohol consumption and smoking. Of the 346 students who participated in the study, 186 (77.5%) and 160 (41.7%), respectively, were medical and nursing. only 7.5% of the students were smokers. they were distributed as follows: 5.9% (n=11) and 9.4% (n=15), respectively, were medical and nursing students; 88.5% began to smoke influenced by friends, relatives, and advertisements; 50% smoked a mean of 11 to 20 cigarettes a day; 53.8% reported to feel A relaxing sensation when smoking; 69.2% start smoking soon in the morning; 84.6% have already tried to stop smoking, and 88.5% intend stop smoking. Regarding alcoholism, 57.7% AND 21.4% of the medical and nursing students, respectively, reported to ingest alcoholic drink frequently; 67.1% began to ingest it before or after the age of 15; 21.3% reported frequent alcoholism; 54.9% reported their father was alcoholic;20.5% complained having alcohol addiction problems in the family. More than half of the students did nottake part in this research. Thus, this fact did not allow a comprehensive analysis of this issue. Anyway, the obtained data can subsidize the proposition and implementation of educational measures regarding the morbidity of alcoholism and smoking in the studied institution.