Fourth Generation Evaluation as a path for Knowledge Translation in mental health.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the use of the Fourth Generation Evaluation methodology as a powerful theoretical-methodological path for the implementation of Knowledge Translation in child and adolescent mental health. METHOD: It comprises the description of the stages and fieldwork of a research that evaluated mental health practices aimed at adolescents in a Child and Adolescent Psychosocial Care Center, between August and December 2018, with the health care team. RESULTS: Using strategies to involve workers in all stages, a dialectical construction of knowledge, the adaptation of the path to the field - with the implementation of interventions suggested by the participants - and the research path itself, in its condition of product/result, enable the interface with Knowledge Translation. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The characteristics discussed allow to suggest using the Evaluation as an alternative to the implementation of Translation, especially in the field of mental health.

Fourth Generation Evaluation as a path for Knowledge Translation in mental health / La Evaluación de Cuarta Generación como camino para la Traslación del Conocimiento en salud mental / Avaliação de Quarta Geração enquanto percurso para a Translação do Conhecimento na saúde mental

ABSTRACT Objective: To discuss the use of the Fourth Generation Evaluation methodology as a powerful theoretical-methodological path for the implementation of Knowledge Translation in child and adolescent mental health. Method: It comprises the description of the stages and fieldwork of a research that evaluated mental health practices aimed at adolescents in a Child and Adolescent Psychosocial Care Center, between August and December 2018, with the health care team. Results: Using strategies to involve workers in all stages, a dialectical construction of knowledge, the adaptation of the path to the field - with the implementation of interventions suggested by the participants - and the research path itself, in its condition of product/result, enable the interface with Knowledge Translation. Final considerations: The characteristics discussed allow to suggest using the Evaluation as an alternative to the implementation of Translation, especially in the field of mental health.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Discutir el uso de la metodología de Evaluación de Cuarta Generación como un camino teórico-metodológico para la implementación de la Traducción del Conocimiento en salud mental del niño y del adolescente. Método: Comprende la descripción de las etapas y el trabajo de campo de una investigación que evaluó las prácticas de salud mental dirigidas a adolescentes en un Centro de Atención Psicosocial de Niños y Adolescentes, entre agosto y diciembre de 2018, con el equipo. Resultados: Utilizar estrategias para involucrar a los trabajadores en las etapas, construir conocimiento dialécticamente, la adecuación del camino al campo - implementar intervenciones sugeridas por los participantes- y el camino de la investigación, en su condición de producto/resultado, habilite la interfaz con Traducción del Conocimiento. Consideraciones finales: Las características discutidas permiten sugerir el uso de la Evaluación como una alternativa a la implementación de la Traducción, especialmente en el campo de la salud mental.

RESUMO Objetivo: Discutir o uso da metodologia da Avaliação de Quarta Geração como um percurso teórico-metodológico potente para implementação da Translação do Conhecimento na saúde mental infantojuvenil. Método: Compreende a descrição das etapas e do trabalho de campo de uma pesquisa que avaliou as práticas em saúde mental voltadas aos adolescentes em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial infantojuvenil, entre agosto e dezembro de 2018, com a equipe assistencial do serviço. Resultados: A utilização de estratégias para envolver os trabalhadores em todas as etapas, a construção do conhecimento de maneira dialética, a adaptação do percurso ao campo - com a realização de intervenções sugeridas pelos participantes - e o próprio percurso da pesquisa,em sua condição de produto/resultado, viabilizam a interface com a Translação do Conhecimento. Considerações finais: As características discutidas possibilitam sugerir que se utilize a Avaliação como alternativa à implementação da Translação, sobretudo no campo da saúde mental.

Results of the Nursing Outcomes Classification/NOC for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the application of nursing outcomes and indicators selected from the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) to evaluate patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in outpatient follow-up. METHOD: Outcome-based research. First, a consensus was achieved between nurses specialized in mental health (MH) and in the nursing process to select NOC-related outcomes and indicators, followed by the elaboration of their conceptual and operational definitions. Then, an instrument was created with these, which was tested in a pilot group of six patients treated at a MH outpatient clinic. The instrument was applied to patients with OCD undergoing Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (GCBT). The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the institution. RESULTS: Four NOC outcomes and 17 indicators were selected. There was a significant change in the scores of nine indicators after CBGT. CONCLUSION: The study showed feasibility for evaluating symptoms of patients with OCD through NOC outcomes and indicators in an outpatient situation.

Validação de protocolo para risco de suicídio no acolhimento de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial / Protocol validation for suicide risk in the reception of a Psychosocial Care Center

Objetivo: Validar um protocolo de avaliação do risco de suicídio no fluxo de acolhimento de 0,92. Conclusões: A validação do protocolo por especialistas corrobora com a importância desta ferramenta para a atuação dos profissionais de saúde na prevenção do suicídio. Um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de Álcool e outras Drogas (CAPS AD) III. Método: Este é um estudo transversal descritivo de validação de conteúdo, realizado em duas etapas. Participaram 11 profissionais do CAPS AD III, e sete profissionais especialistas. A primeira etapa foi a revisão teórica de materiais publicados sobre o tema para a confecção do protocolo, seguida de entrevistas individuais com os profissionais do CAPS AD III para coletar recomendações sobre o mesmo. A segunda, a avaliação de especialistas sobre o protocolo, por meio de questionário estruturado on-line, enviado por e-mail. Neste questionário cada item foi avaliado e analisado individualmente pelo Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC), por meio de uma escala Likert. A taxa de concordância entre os especialistas estabelecida foi a de 0,80. Resultados: Foram confeccionadas três versões do protocolo, sendo a última validada por meio de consenso entre os especialistas com escore total de IVC de 0,92. Conclusões: A validação do protocolo por especialistas corrobora com a importância desta ferramenta para a atuação dos profissionais de saúde na prevenção do suicídio. (Au)

Results of the Nursing Outcomes Classification/NOC for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder / Resultados de la Nursing Outcomes Classification/NOC para pacientes con trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo / Resultados da Nursing Outcomes Classification/NOC para pacientes com transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the application of nursing outcomes and indicators selected from the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) to evaluate patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in outpatient follow-up. Method: Outcome-based research. First, a consensus was achieved between nurses specialized in mental health (MH) and in the nursing process to select NOC-related outcomes and indicators, followed by the elaboration of their conceptual and operational definitions. Then, an instrument was created with these, which was tested in a pilot group of six patients treated at a MH outpatient clinic. The instrument was applied to patients with OCD undergoing Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (GCBT). The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the institution. Results: Four NOC outcomes and 17 indicators were selected. There was a significant change in the scores of nine indicators after CBGT. Conclusion: The study showed feasibility for evaluating symptoms of patients with OCD through NOC outcomes and indicators in an outpatient situation.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la aplicación de resultados e indicadores de enfermería seleccionados en la Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) para examinar a los pacientes con Trastorno Obsesivo-Compulsivo (TOC) en seguimiento ambulatorio. Método: Investigación de resultados. Primeramente, se realizó un acuerdo entre enfermeros expertos en salud mental (SM) y en proceso de enfermería para seleccionar los resultados e indicadores de la NOC, seguido de la elaboración de sus definiciones conceptuales y operativas. Después, se construyó un instrumento con las informaciones recolectadas, y lo aplicaron a un grupo piloto con seis pacientes, que recibían atención en el ambulatorio de SM. Se aplicó el instrumento a los pacientes con TOC, sometidos a Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual en Grupo (TCCG). Estudio aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la institución. Resultados: Se seleccionaron cuatro resultados y 17 indicadores NOC. Se observó una modificación significativa de los puntajes de nueve indicadores después de la TCCG. Conclusión: El estudio apuntó la viabilidad de evaluación de los síntomas de pacientes con TOC por medio de los resultados e indicadores de la NOC en el ámbito ambulatorio.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a aplicação de resultados e indicadores de enfermagem selecionados na Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) para avaliar pacientes com Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo (TOC) em acompanhamento ambulatorial. Método: Pesquisa de resultados. Primeiro, realizou-se consenso entre enfermeiros especialistas em saúde mental (SM) e em processo de enfermagem para seleção de resultados e indicadores da NOC, seguido da elaboração das suas definições conceituais e operacionais. Depois, construiu-se um instrumento com estes, que foi testado em grupo piloto de seis pacientes atendidos em ambulatório de SM. O instrumento foi aplicado aos pacientes com TOC submetidos a Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental em Grupo (TCCG). Estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da instituição. Resultados: Foram selecionados quatro resultados e 17 indicadores NOC. Observou-se modificação significativa dos escores de nove indicadores após a TCCG. Conclusão: O estudo apontou viabilidade de avaliação dos sintomas de pacientes com TOC através dos resultados e indicadores da NOC em cenário ambulatorial.

Terapia a laser de baixa potência na cicatrização de feridas / Low-power laser therapy in wound healing

Objetivo identificar a ação da terapia a laser de baixa potência na cicatrização de feridas. Método: trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico, tipo revisão integrativa, com busca de artigos publicados entre 2004 a 2017, nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS e biblioteca virtual SciELO. Efetuaram-se, após a leitura dos artigos, a extração e a análise dos dados, e apresentam-se em forma de figura. Resultados: selecionaram-se 24 artigos, com diferentes delineamentos de pesquisa. Verificou-se que a terapia a laser de baixa potência propicia ações positivas na oxigenação, crescimento e modulação celular devido à luz irradiada, que afeta os processos metabólicos e produz bioestimulantes celulares e vasculares essenciais ao processo de reparo tecidual. Conclusão: conclui-se que a terapia a laser de baixa potência é um tratamento adjuvante que acelera o processo de reparação tecidual e promove benefícios ao conforto dos pacientes.(AU)

Association between Manchester Triage System discriminators and nursing diagnoses. / Associações entre discriminadores do Sistema de Triagem de Manchester e diagnósticos de enfermagem.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between Manchester Triage System flowchart discriminators and nursing diagnoses in adult patients classified as clinical priority I (emergency) and II (very urgent). METHOD: Cross-sectional study conducted in an emergency department in southern Brazil between April and August 2014. The sample included 219 patients. Data were collected from online patient medical records and data analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test or the chi-square test. RESULTS: 16 discriminators and 14 nursing diagnoses were identified. Associations were found between seven discriminators and five problem-focused nursing diagnoses, including the discriminator Cardiac pain and the diagnosis Acute pain. Three discriminators were associated with four risk nursing diagnoses, among these Acute neurological deficit with the diagnosis Risk of ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion. CONCLUSION: Significant associations were found between Manchester Triage System discriminators and the nursing diagnoses most frequently established in the emergency department.

Low-level laser therapy for treatment of venous ulcers evaluated with the Nursing Outcome Classification: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Different methods are available for the treatment of venous ulcers. Most current approaches focus on a combination of topical and compressive therapy. Adjuvant low-level laser therapy may be helpful in lesions with a protracted healing course, but evidence for its use is still limited. This paper describes the protocol of a randomized controlled trial designed to compare the effect of adjuvant low-level laser therapy versus conventional venous ulcer tissue repair, evaluated by a nurse using clinical indicators from the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). METHODS/DESIGN: For this prospective randomized controlled trial, 40 adult patients of both sexes with active venous ulcers will be recruited. Subjects will be selected by the sealed-envelope method without any annotation or external identification that might refer to the type of study group. At the time of unblinding, a label with the description of the group to which the patient belongs (that is, control or intervention) will be found inside the envelope. Conventional treatment (topical medication and compressive therapy) will be offered to both groups. Additionally, the intervention group will receive adjuvant low-level laser therapy. All patients will be followed weekly until ulcer healing or for a maximum of 16 weeks. Evaluation of tissue repair will be based on 14 clinical indicators drawn from NOC for wound healing (secondary intention) and tissue integrity (skin and mucous membranes). The primary endpoint will be decreased wound size and scar formation. This laser therapy is expected to enhance the quality, speed, and effectiveness of the treatment of venous ulcers, a chronic condition. This should reduce associated costs to the health service and allow patients to resume their daily activities sooner. DISCUSSION: This randomized clinical trial will use a validated method to investigate the effect of a novel intervention for the treatment of venous ulcers. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03229330 . Registered on July 2017.

Validation of the nursing interventions and activities for patients on hemodialytic therapy. / Validação de intervenções e atividades de enfermagem para pacientes em terapia hemodialítica.

OBJECTIVE: To validate interventions and nursing activities proposed by the Nursing Interventions Classification for patients with acute renal failure or acute chronic renal disease in hemodialysis therapy with the Excess Fluid Volume and Risk for Imbalanced Fluid Volume nursing diagnoses. METHODS: Validation of content with 19 expert nurses from a university hospital. The data collection was made from September to November 2011 through instruments that contained the interventions and nursing activities in study. The data analysis considered the average of scores obtained in the validation process. RESULTS: The Fluid Management was validated as a priority intervention (mean ≥ 0.8), with eight main activities for the Excess Fluid Volume nursing diagnosis and eight for the Risk for Imbalanced Fluid Volume nursing diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The validated intervation of the Fluid Management enables the monitoring of the hydric balance and facilitates the prevention of complications, which are important activities in the nursing care of the patients in hemodialysis therapy.

Factors that influence care priority for chest pain patients using the manchester triage system.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To analyse crucial factors for determining care priority for patients with acute myocardial infarction based on the Manchester Triage System. BACKGROUND: Triage is the first potentially critical step in the care of myocardial infarction patients. However, there are still very few studies on the factors interfering in the lack of care priority for these patients, impacting their treatment and prognosis. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study with 217 patients in the emergency department of a Brazilian hospital. METHODS: Data were collected from patients' records with a primary diagnosis of myocardial infarction, from March 2014-February 2015. Patients were divided into two groups for statistical analysis: high priority (immediate and very urgent) and low priority (urgent, standard and nonurgent). RESULTS: Most of the patients were male, with a mean age of 62.1 years, with a prevalence of high blood pressure and smoking as risk factors. Lower care priority level was assigned to 116 (53.4%) patients. Sixty-four (29.5%) patients had ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction, and 29 (45.3%) of these patients were assigned lower care priority level. Coughing, abdominal pain, onset of symptoms over 24 hr ago and pain of mild to moderate intensity were clinical predictors associated with lower care priority level. Sweating and high blood pressure were associated with high care priority level. Lower care priority level was associated with increased door-to-electrocardiogram and door-to-troponin times. There was no significant difference between the two groups for door-to-needle and door-to-balloon times. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the patients with myocardial infarction were classified as low care priority, showing triage failure either due to symptom variability or need for professional qualification in clinical data collection and interpretation. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The results may support clinical evaluation, bringing chest pain assessment into focus.

Associações entre discriminadores do Sistema de Triagem de Manchester e diagnósticos de enfermagem / Asociación entre el Sistema de Triage Manchester y el diagnóstico de enfermería / Association between Manchester Triage System discriminators and nursing diagnoses

Resumo OBJETIVO Analisar associações entre discriminadores do Sistema de Triagem de Manchester e Diagnósticos de Enfermagem em pacientes adultos, classificados com prioridade clínica I (emergência) e II (muito urgente). MÉTODO Estudo transversal realizado na unidade de emergência do sul do Brasil, entre abril e agosto de 2014. Amostra de 219 pacientes. Os dados foram coletados no prontuário online e analisados estatisticamente, com teste exato de Fisher ou qui-quadrado. RESULTADOS Encontrou-se 16 discriminadores e 14 diagnósticos de enfermagem. Houve associação entre sete discriminadores e cinco diagnósticos de enfermagem do tipo foco no problema, dentre Dor precordial ou cardíaca com o diagnóstico Dor aguda. Também houve associação entre três discriminadores com quatro diagnósticos de enfermagem de risco, dentre Déficit neurológico agudo com o diagnóstico Risco de perfusão tissular cerebral ineficaz. CONCLUSÃO Existem associações significativas entre discriminadores do Sistema de Triagem de Manchester e diagnósticos de enfermagem mais frequentemente estabelecidos na Unidade de Emergência.

Resumen OBJETIVO Analizar asociaciones entre los discernidores del Sistema Triaje de Manchester y los Diagnósticos de Enfermería en pacientes adultos con prioridad clínica I (emergencia) y II (muy urgente). MÉTODO Estudio transversal realizado en la unidad de emergencia del sur de Brasil, entre abril y agosto de 2014, con la muestra de 219 pacientes. La colecta de datos fue realizada en el prontuario online de los pacientes. El análisis estadístico fue realizado con el uso del Test Exacto de Fisher o chi-cuadrado. RESULTADOS Fue identificado el uso de 16 discernidores y 14 diagnósticos de enfermería. Hubo una asociación entre siete discernidores y cinco diagnósticos de enfermería del tipo foco en el problema, entre estos Dolor precordial o cardíaca y Dolor agudo. También hubo asociación entre tres discernidores y cuatro diagnósticos de enfermería de riesgo, entre estos Déficit neurológico agudo con el diagnóstico Riesgo de perfusión tisular cerebral ineficaz. CONCLUSIÓN Existen asociaciones significativas entre los discernidores del Sistema Triaje de Manchester y los diagnósticos de enfermería más frecuente establecidos en la Unidad de Emergencia.

Abstract OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between Manchester Triage System flowchart discriminators and nursing diagnoses in adult patients classified as clinical priority I (emergency) and II (very urgent). METHOD Cross-sectional study conducted in an emergency department in southern Brazil between April and August 2014. The sample included 219 patients. Data were collected from online patient medical records and data analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test or the chi-square test. RESULTS 16 discriminators and 14 nursing diagnoses were identified. Associations were found between seven discriminators and five problem-focused nursing diagnoses, including the discriminator Cardiac pain and the diagnosis Acute pain. Three discriminators were associated with four risk nursing diagnoses, among these Acute neurological deficit with the diagnosis Risk of ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion. CONCLUSION Significant associations were found between Manchester Triage System discriminators and the nursing diagnoses most frequently established in the emergency department.

Validação de intervenções e atividades de enfermagem para pacientes em terapia hemodialítica / Validación de intervenciones y actividades de enfermería para pacientes en terapia hemodialítica / Validation of the nursing interventions and activities for patients on hemodialytic therapy

RESUMO Objetivo Validar intervenções e atividades de enfermagem propostas pela Nursing Interventions Classification, para pacientes com insuficiência renal aguda ou doença renal crônica agudizada, em terapia hemodialítica com os diagnósticos de enfermagem Volume de Líquidos Excessivo e Risco de Volume de Líquidos Desequilibrado. Métodos Validação de conteúdo com 19 enfermeiros peritos de um hospital universitário. A coleta de dados ocorreu de setembro a novembro de 2011, por meio de instrumentos que continham as intervenções e atividades de enfermagem em estudo. A análise considerou a média dos escores obtidos na validação. Resultados O Controle Hídrico foi validado como intervenção prioritária (média ≥ 0.8), com oito atividades principais para o diagnóstico Volume de Líquidos Excessivo e oito para o diagnóstico Risco de Volume de Líquidos Desequilibrado. Conclusão A intervenção validada de Controle Hídrico possibilita o monitoramento do equilíbrio hídrico e facilita a prevenção de complicações, consideradas importantes atividades do cuidado ao paciente em terapia hemodialítica.

RESUMEN Objectivo Validar intervenciones y actividades de enfermería propuestas por la Nursing Interventions Classification, para pacientes con insuficiencia renal aguda o enfermedad renal crónica agudizada, en terapia hemodialítica con los diagnósticos de enfermería Volumen de Líquidos Excesivo y Riesgo de Desequilibrio de Volumen de Líquidos. Métodos Validación de contenido con 19 enfermeros expertos de un hospital universitario. La recolección de datos fue realizada de septiembre a noviembre de 2011 con instrumentos que contenían las intervenciones y actividades de enfermería en estudio. El análisis consideró el promedio de los puntajes obtenidos en la validación. Resultados El Manejo de Líquidos fue validado como intervención prioritaria (media >0.8), con ocho actividades principales para el diagnóstico Volumen de Líquidos Excesivo y ocho para el diagnóstico Riesgo de Desequilibrio de Volumen de Líquidos. Conclusión La intervención validada de Manejo de Líquidos posibilita el monitoreo del balance hídrico y facilita la prevención de complicaciones, consideradas importantes actividades del cuidado al paciente en terapia hemodialítica.

ABSTRACT Objective To validate interventions and nursing activities proposed by the Nursing Interventions Classification for patients with acute renal failure or acute chronic renal disease in hemodialysis therapy with the Excess Fluid Volume and Risk for Imbalanced Fluid Volume nursing diagnoses. Methods Validation of content with 19 expert nurses from a university hospital. The data collection was made from September to November 2011 through instruments that contained the interventions and nursing activities in study. The data analysis considered the average of scores obtained in the validation process. Results The Fluid Management was validated as a priority intervention (mean ≥ 0.8), with eight main activities for the Excess Fluid Volume nursing diagnosis and eight for the Risk for Imbalanced Fluid Volume nursing diagnosis. Conclusion The validated intervation of the Fluid Management enables the monitoring of the hydric balance and facilitates the prevention of complications, which are important activities in the nursing care of the patients in hemodialysis therapy.