RESUMEN
The objective of the present study was to optimize genotyping of nuclear DNA contained in human hair. The most efficient procedures for DNA isolation and typing are described taking into consideration the hair growth phase, the epithelial tissue conditions, and the number of nuclei in the near-root ends of the hair. The recommendations for the expert interpretation of the results of the molecular-genetic investigations are proposed.
Asunto(s)
Núcleo Celular/genética , Dermatoglifia del ADN , ADN/aislamiento & purificación , Genotipo , Cabello/citología , HumanosRESUMEN
The objective of the present work was to develop the method for the selection of hairs suitable for the molecular-genetic investigation of nuclear DNA. It was proposed to distinguish between five groups of hair depending on its growth phase, the presence or absence of epithelial tissues at the root terminus. An algorithm was developed for carrying out prognostic screening including the morphological and cytomorphological investigations the results of which can be used to evaluate the possibility for further genotyping.
Asunto(s)
Medicina Legal/métodos , Cabello/anatomía & histología , Biología Molecular , Algoritmos , ADN/análisis , Técnicas de Genotipaje , HumanosRESUMEN
The authors describe a domestically produced test-system for the determination of the AB0 blood type by means of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) analysis. The results of the trials indicate that the proposed test-system can be employed for the investigation of DNA specimens of individual origin obtained from any objects of expertise including micro-objects containing human nuclear DNA.
RESUMEN
We compared the effectiveness of DNA isolation from nail plates using three commercial kits from different manufacturers. The results of the study give reason to recommend the use of PrepFiler BTA Forensic DNA Extraction Kits and QIAamp DNA Investigator Kit for the work with nail microfragments.
Asunto(s)
Dermatoglifia del ADN , Uñas/patología , Dermatoglifia del ADN/instrumentación , Dermatoglifia del ADN/métodos , Femenino , Genética Forense/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Juego de Reactivos para DiagnósticoRESUMEN
This article is concerned with the management of the disputable situations arising in the course of establishment of the kinship based on the analysis of autosomal STR loci. It is proposed to enhance the accuracy of determining thekinsip relations in the parent-child pairs (in the absence of one of the parents) by using additional sets of genetic markers localized for example on sex chromosomes, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and bi-allele markers.
Asunto(s)
Dermatoglifia del ADN/métodos , Genética Forense/métodos , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Repeticiones de Microsatélite/genética , Paternidad , Alelos , Niño , ADN Mitocondrial/genética , Padre , Femenino , Frecuencia de los Genes , Sitios Genéticos/genética , Genotipo , Humanos , Masculino , Madres , PadresRESUMEN
A method for the detection of RhD using a DNA preparation and the newly-developed test-system based on the real time polymerase chain reaction is described. The study including a large variety of specimens has demonstrated the applicability of the novel system to forensic medical examination.
Asunto(s)
Tipificación y Pruebas Cruzadas Sanguíneas/métodos , Genética Forense/métodos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa/métodos , Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo Rh-Hr/genética , Animales , ADN/genética , Humanos , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
An original test-system for the preliminary quantitative and qualitative evaluation of isolated DNA is proposed by the polymerase chain reaction in real time (PCR-RT) based on the TaqMan technology. This test-system permits to simultaneously measure the amount of DNA in the sample, identify the genetic gender, and detect PCR inhibitors. The method has been approbated in the practical work of forensic medical experts.