Characteristics of dental arches and occlusion in children born prematurely. A case-control study.

AIM: To determine if there are differences between the dental arch dimensions and occlusal characteristics of children born prematurely and admitted into a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) (study group) and children born at term (control group). The study group was analysed at the same time in order to find out if the parameters of the dental arches are related to specific perinatal variables. MATERIALS: Study design: Out of a total of 504 children born between 2011 and 2014 in high-risk conditions at the clinic of the University Hospital "San Cecilio" in Granada (Spain), 78 children were selected. Of these 42 had been born prematurely and admitted to the NICU (study group) and 36 had been born at term (control group). The age of the sample was 5 to 8 years. The parameters of the dental arches, together with the occlusal characteristics, were examined using dental casts. Both the upper and lower arches were measured for a total of 156 dental casts with a FINO digital caliper. CONCLUSION: The data confirm the smaller size of the dental arch dimensions of children born prematurely and admitted to a NICU compared with children born at term. This fact should be taken into consideration with regard to future orthodontic and paediatric dentistry treatments.

Zirconia crowns--an esthetic and resistant restorative alternative for ECC affected primary teeth.

The present report discusses briefly the problem of ECC in very young children and the recommended approaches for prevention and treatment. The esthetic restoration of the maxillary incisors with Zirconia Nu Smile crowns is described. It is also stressed that the luxation injury two months after placement did not damage the appearance nor the stability of the crowns.

Oral health status of a population with multiple sclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the oral treatment needs of a sample of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in the Community of Madrid (Spain). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out with a sample of 64 patients who were aged 25 to 77 years. They were distributed into homogeneous age groups: < 46 years, 46-54 years and > 54 years. In order to evaluate the oral health status and treatment requirements, the parameters and guidelines of the WHO were used. RESULTS: The prevalence of caries was 100%, or very close in all three groups. As age increased, the morbidity rate decreased, but the mortality rate increased considerably. On analyzing gingival health, 65% of patients had calculus, 5% bleeding and 30% were healthy. CONCLUSIONS: The DMFT index found provided data that was, in general, very similar to that of the general population in Spain. However, the gingival health status found demonstrated that the population of multiple sclerosis patients requires specific assistance.

La alergia al látex en la consulta dental / Latex allergy in the dentist office

Las reacciones alérgicas al látex se han incrementado en las dos últimas décadas y este problema afecta tanto a los pacientes como al personal sanitario. Por un lado, la profesión dental se incluye dentro de los grupos de riesgo para desarrollar la alergia al látex y por otro lado, el paciente alérgico puede acudir a la consulta para tratamiento dental.1,2Entre los factores que han contribuido al aumento de esta patología está el incremento en la utilización de los productos fabricados con látex, sobre todo desde la aparición de enfermedades como el SIDA (a mayor exposición hay mayor riesgo de desarrollar una alergia); Por otro lado, este aumento de la demanda ha provocado un incremento en la producción de látex y en la elaboración de productos derivados, con un deterioro en la calidad. Otro factor que probablemente haya contribuido al aumento de la frecuencia es un mejor diagnóstico de los casos. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar los aspectos más relevantes de la alergia al látex y sugerir un protocolo para el tratamiento de los pacientes alérgicos (AU)

Allergic reactions to latex have been increasing in the two last decades and this problem affects patients as well as sanitary personnel. On the one hand, the dental profession is one of the risk groups subjected to develop allergy to latex and on the other hand, patients allergic to latex visit the dentist office for treatment.1,2Included in the causes that have contributed to the augment of this pathology is the increase in the use of products made with latex, specially since the emergence of diseases as AIDS (with greater expose there is greater risk of developing allergy); On the other hand, this increase of the demand has caused an increase in the production of latex and of products of low quality that derived from latex. Another factor that probably has contributed to the increase in the numbers of allergy cases is a better diagnosis of this pathology. The objective of this article is to review the most important aspects about latex allergy and suggest a procedure for the treatment of the allergic patients (AU)

Las anomalías del esmalte dentario y su relación con enfermedades generales / Dental anomalies and its relationship with systemic diseases

El esmalte dentario es uno de los tejidos más duros del organismo, sin embargo las células formadoras del esmalte, los ameloblastos, son muy sensibles a los cambios que ocurren durante el periodo de formación del diente. Son muchas las patologías que pueden alterar el funcionamiento del ameloblasto provocando lesiones de hipoplasia o hipomineralización, y a diferencia de lo que ocurre en otros tejidos, el esmalte dentario carece de mecanismos de reparación. En este artículo, revisamos las principales causas genéticas y ambientales que pueden ser responsables de las anomalías en esmalte dentario, así como el aspecto clínico que pueden presentar estas anomalías

Dental enamel is one of the hardest tissues in thehuman body. However, ameloblast cels wich compraisthe enamel, are extremely sensitive to the changes occurring during dental development. There are many pathologys that can alter the normal function in ameloblast cels and cause hypoplasia orhypomineralization. In contrast to other tissue enamel tissue does not have its own repair mechanisms. In this article we review the principal genetic andenvirolmental causes that may contribute to dental anomalies as well as the clinical aspect of these anomalies

Cambios dimensionales del perímetro de arcada asociados a la edad cronológica en una población de niños españoles / Dimensional changes of the arch perimeter associated to chronological age in a Spanish children population

Se midió el perímetro de las arcadas dentarias de 539 niños, de los cuales 285 eran niños y 254 niñas de edades comprendidas entre los 6 y los 14 años de edad, realizándose un estudio transversal. El propósito de esta investigación es determinar la evolución del perímetro de las arcadas dentarias en una población española basándonos en la edad cronológica

Cambios dimensionales del perímetro de arcada asociados a la edad cronológica en una población de niños españoles / Dimensional changes of the arch perimeter associated to chronological age in a Spanish children population

Se midió el perímetro de las arcadas dentarias de 539 niños, de los cuales 285 eran niños y 254 niñas de edades comprendidas entre los 6 y los 14 años de edad, realizándose un estudio transversal. El propósito de esta investigación es determinar la evolución del perímetro de las arcadas dentarias en una población española basándonos en la edad cronológica (AU)

[When to start orthodontic treatment]. / Cuándo comenzar un tratamiento de ortodoncia.

We are frequently ashed by patient and dentist what the best age is to begin orthodontic treatment. In this article we will try to classify what the best age to begin treatment is, according to the type of malocclusion.

[The pedodontist and dentinogenesis imperfecta]. / El odontopediatra ante la dentinogénesis imperfecta.

The purpose of this article is to present a treatment of dentinogenesis imperfecta in a 3 years old child. We reviewed some of the aspects to consider in the treatments of this alteration in primary dentition.

Situaciones de urgencia del consultorio odontopediátrico

Para los odontólogos dedicados al tratamiento dental infantil, es necesario conocer los posibles riesgos de nuestra terapia, así como los accidentes que pueden ocurrir durante y después de realizada la misma. De esta manera, teniéndolos presentes, así como, conociendo los diferentes tratamientos para solucionar estas emergencias, podremos salvar a nuestro paciente de situaciones que van desde las más leves a aquellas que pueden incluso poner en peligro su vida