[Papillary carcinoma after 13 years of correct function of renal graft]. / Carcinoma papilar hallado en injerto renal tras 13 años de correcto funcionamiento.

It is known the greater probability appearance of malignancy injuries in patients with renal graft due to its inmunosupresión. We expose a case in which after thirteen years of correct operation of the renal transplant a tumor is diagnosed of accidental form by means of ultrasonography of graft's control. It was demonstrated by percutaneous biopsy that it was a carcinoma to papilar and later transplanctectomy was made. We raised a reflection about the novo tumors on renal graft given to the high number of patients with funcionante transplant during long years and the little evidence in Literature, proposing a possible registry of such valuing its behavior and comparing it with the well-known ones on native kidneys without inmunosupresión situation.

Carcinoma papilar hallado en injerto renal tras 13 años de correcto funcionamiento / Carcinoma papilar after 13 years of correct function of graft renal

Es conocida la mayor probabilidad de aparición de lesiones malignas en pacientes con trasplante renal debido a su inmunosupresión. Exponemos un caso en el que tras trece años de correcto funcionamiento del trasplante renal se diagnostica de forma casual mediante ecografía de control un tumor sobre el injerto. Mediante punción ecodirigida se evidenció que se trataba de un carcinoma papilar y se realizó trasplantectomía posterior. Planteamos una reflexión acerca de los tumores de novo sobre injerto renal dado el alto número de pacientes con trasplante funcionante durante largos años y la escasa evidencia en la literatura, proponiendo un posible registro de los mismos para valorar su comportamiento y compararlo con los conocidos sobre riñones nativos sin situación de inmunosupresión

It is known the greater probability appearance of malignancy injuries in patients with renal graft due to its inmunosupresión. We expose a case in which after thirteen years of correct operation of the renal transplant a tumor is diagnosed of accidental form by means of ultrasonography of graft´s control. It was demonstrated by percutaneous biopsy that it was a carcinoma to papilar and later transplanctectomy was made. We raised a reflection about the novo tumors on renal graft given to the high number of patients with funcionante transplant during long years and the little evidence in Literature, proposing a possible registry of such valuing its behavior and comparing it with the well-known ones on native kidneys without inmunosupresión situation

[Development of tissue microarray technology (TMA) for immunohistochemical study of molecular expression profiling in prostate cancer (part 1)]. / Desarrollo de un microarray tisular (TMA) para el estudio inmunohistoquímico del patrón de expresión molecular en el cáncer de próstata (parte 1).

Tissue microarray technology (TMA) is nowadays considered as a powerful tool for the high-throughput analysis of molecular expression pattern of cancer. In this manuscript we show the experience of both groups in the design and building of a TMA for the study of protein expression pattern of prostatecancer as well as a summary of the technical points to analyze the results obtained with this technology. Today, different data generated by the immunostained tissues are studied to achieve a molecular profile in different clinical scenarios.

Desarrollo de un microarray tisular (TMA) para el estudio inmunohistoquímico del patrón de expresión molecular en el cáncer de próstata (Parte 1) / Development of tissue microarray technology (TMA) for immunohistochemical study of molecular expression profiling in prostate cancer (Part 1)

El microarray tisular (TMA) es considerado hoy en día una potente herramienta para el análisis masivo del perfil molecular del cáncer. En este trabajo describimos la experiencia de ambos centros en el diseño y creación de un TMA para el estudio de la expresión molecular del cáncer de próstata así como una revisión de los diferentes aspectos técnicos necesarios para el análisis de los resultados obtenidos con esta técnica. En la actualidad, se están estudiando los datos generados por las distintas técnicas inmunohistoquímicas para la obtención de un patrón molecular en diferentes estadios clínicos

Tissue microarray technology (TMA) is nowadays considered as a powerful tool for the high-throughput analysis of molecular expression pattern of cancer. In this manuscript we show the experience of both groups in the design and building of a TMA for the study of protein expression pattern of prostate cancer as well as a summary of the technical points to analyze the results obtained with this technology. Today, different data generated by the immunostained tissues are studied to achieve a molecular profile in different clinical scenarios

[Prostatic rebiopsy. Prognosis factors of the anatomopathologic result]. / Rebiopsia de próstata. Factores pronósticos del resultado anatomopatológico.

The indications for repeat prostate needle biopsy after a previous biopsy are not defined. We examined 107 prostate biopsies (in 98 patients) without a diagnosis of malignancy, which we repeat. Carcinoma was detected in 31 patients (31.6%). We didn't find statistic relationship between the repeat biopsy's outcome and: interval between biopsy and repeat biopsy, PSA value, PSA density (biopsy), PSAD of the transitional area (PSAD ad., on repeat biopsy). We found relationship with: prostatic weight (p = 0.002 on the biopsy, p = 0.0002 on the repeat biopsy), volume of the transitional area (p = 0.02 on the biopsy, p = 0.0001 on the repeat biopsy), PSA value (p = 0.02, on the repeat biopsy), PSAD ad. (p = 0.002, on the repeat biopsy), and with PSA velocity (p = 0.008). We only found clinic usefulness for the PSA velocity: patients with PSA velocity greater than 1 ng/ml/year are at high risk for prostate carcinoma on the repeat biopsy, specially in small prostates.

Rebiopsia de próstata. Factores pronósticos del resultado anatomopatológico / Repeat prostate biopsy. Prognostic factors for pathologic outcome

Las indicaciones de repetir una biopsia prostática no están claramente definidas hoy en día.Nosotros revisamos retrospectivamente 107 biopsias prostáticas (en 98 pacientes) sin malignidad histológica, en los cuales la biopsia se repitió. Se detectó cáncer de próstata en 31 pacientes (31,6 por ciento).No encontramos relación estadística entre el resultado de la rebiopsia y: tiempo entre biopsia y rebiopsia, valor de PSA (de la biopsia o de la rebiopsia), PSAD de la biopsia, ni con el PSAD ad. de la rebiopsia. Si observamos relación estadística con: volumen prostático (p = 0,002 en la biopsia inicial, y p = 0,0002 en la última rebiopsia), volumen del adenoma (p = 0,02 en la biopsia inicial, y p = 0,0001 en la última rebiopsia), PSA (p = 0,02) y PSAD ad. (p = 0,002) de la rebiopsia, y con el PSA velocidad (p = 0,008). Sólo encontramos cierta utilidad clínica con éste último parámetro: los pacien-tes con una velocidad de PSA mayor de 1 ng/ml y año poseen alto riesgo de presentar un cáncer en la rebiopsia, especialmente si se trata de próstatas pequeñas. (AU)

[Clinical and anatomopathological study of the contralateral tests in the unilateral cryptorchidism]. / Estudio clínico y anatomopatológico del teste contralateral en la criptorquidia unilateral.

We have operated on 2204 cryptorchid testis between 1972 and 1995. We took pathological specimens, not only in the undescended testis but also in the normally descended contralateral testis in 122 children. Clinical, surgical and anatomopathological records were reviewed. Moreover, we have studied the spermiograms in 10 young men. We found the Tubular Fertility Index (TFI) was abnormal in 37% of the contralateral testis. In 5 cases we didn't find germinal line. The Tubular Diameter was abnormal in 6.5% of the contralateral testicles only. When we compared the anatomopathological records in the contralateral testis depending on the surgical age and the surgical location of the undescended testis, we didn't find significant differences. When we studied the spermiograms in the 10 young men we obtained some cases where the TFI and the spermiogram were discordant. In conclusion, more than 1/3 of the children with unilateral undescended testis have an abnormal TFI in both testis. Moreover, neither the surgical age nor surgical location of the undescended testis have an influence on the contralateral TFI. Finally, according to the spermiogram results we should question TFI as a fertility index.

[Parotid metastasis of renal adenocarcinoma: report of a case]. / Metástasis parotidea de adenocarcinoma renal: a propósito de un caso.

Renal adenocarcinomas are tumours which sometimes tend to remain clinically silent, and initially become evident through distant metastasis. This paper presents the case of a 54 year-old patient whose initial clinical evidence was parotid metastasis from kidney clear cells adenocarcinoma. The patient had a metastasis and renal tumour exeresis with application of supplementary chemotherapy and immunotherapy, presenting early pulmonary metastasis which remains currently unchangeable. Some comments apropos of distant metastasis, its prognosis and regression in renal tumours are made.

[Eosinophilic cystitis]. / Cistitis eosinofílica.

We report two cases of eosinophilic cystitis in children of 11 months and 11 and a half year of age respectively. The presenting symptoms were the emision of mucosanguinolent filaments in the urine in one case and with lower urinary tract symptoms and macroscopic hematuria in the other. Physical examination revealed in one of them a round, tough and painful mass in the hypogastric area. In one case we found peripheral blood eosinophilia. They both showed in the Urinalysis albuminuria, pyuria and hematuria, with the presence of eosinophils in one of them. Macroscopic examination presented in the two cases a tumoral, mamelonne mass in the wall of the bladded. The diagnosis was anatomopathologic due to the demonstration of an inflammatory infiltration, primarily of eosinophils. The clinical course was unfavourable in the case an hemicystectomy was practicated and self-limited in the one only symptomatic treatment was used.

[Chronic renal insufficiency secondary to infectious mononucleosis]. / Insuficiencia renal crónica secundaria a mononucleosis infecciosa.

This report describes the first pediatric case of chronic renal failure as a complication of infectious mononucleosis in a 3 1/2 year old girl. The clinical features were marked at onset by proteinuria and later by nephrotic syndrome. The evolution to chronic renal failure took about two years. In the renal biopsy, lesions characteristic of interstitial nephritis were observed, associated with focal and segmental glomeruloesclerosis and deposits of C3 in granular and discontinued form. Renal participation in infectious mononucleosis is not unusual and fundamentally it is manifested by proteinuria and abnormalities of urinary sediment, with interstitial nephritis as a characteristic lesion in the renal biopsy.