Morphometric Analysis of the Supraorbital Foramen and Notch in the Population of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to learn about the morphological characteristics of the supraorbital foramen and to determine its precise position in relation to the surrounding anatomical landmarks in the adult population of Bosnia and Herzegovina. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this purpose, 60 skulls from the Bosnia and Herzegovina population of known sex (32 males and 28 females), taken from the osteological collection of the Department of Human Anatomy of the Medical Faculty in Sarajevo, were subjected to morphological and morphometric analysis. Morphometric measurements were performed using a digital vernier caliper (Mitutoyo Corporation, Japan). RESULTS: The study showed that most supraorbital nerves exit the orbit through the supraorbital notch (73.8%) and the rest through the foramen (26.2%). Of this number, bilateral supraorbital notches were recorded in 58.33% of cases, a bilateral supraorbital foramen in 18.34% of cases, while in 23.33% of cases a notch was recorded on one side and a foramen on the contralateral side. Morphometric measurements performed to determine the exact position of the supraorbital foramen relative to the surrounding landmarks showed different values in males and females. An accessory foramen was also observed on the examined skulls in 16.67% of cases. CONCLUSION: Detailed knowledge of anatomical variations of the supraorbital foramen is required for safe and successful administration of regional anesthesia, in order to avoid iatrogenic nerve injuries during orbitofacial region surgery.

Correlation of barometer pressure and incidence of cerebrovascular insult.

INTRODUCTION: The intention of this work is to research whether the link between the barometer pressure and the cerebrovascular insult (CVI) exists. The stroke is the first cause of non-traumatic disability and third illness by mortality in the majority of available relevant literature. GOALS: Goal of the sudy was to research all the cases of the patients who suffered from the acute stroke in the Canton of Sarajevo and those who were treated in the pre-hospital phase by Emergency Medical Institute staff and their working diagnosis was established as CVI ac. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The criteria in the research were established for inclusion and exclusion of cases. The days with and without CVI cases were compared with the meteorological data obtained from the Hydro-meteorological Institute of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina . Since the approval was requested and obtained from the Hydro-meteorological Institute, all the meteorological data could be compared. The meteorological data comprise the barometer pressure measuring every day at 7 h, 14 h and 21 h. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: In the retrospective study, there will be followed, during three years (2004, 2005 and 2006), the cases of the patients who suffered from the stroke, and, the emergency medical care was offered to them by the side of the Emergency Medical Institute of Canton of Sarajevo staff. All the cases in the Canton of Sarajevo were followed regardless of the place of incidence: whether the help was offered in Institute's outpatient departments, patient's flat or at public place. Due to the extensiveness of data (in the analysis comprising three years, there was the total of 1930 cases), the test of normal distribution was used. Since it was about the pre-hospital research, the acute stroke was looked at generally without division by types. The certain diagnostics by types can only be established in the hospital. CONCLUSION: The results in the research indicate that the extreme values of barometer pressure, regardless of their being increased ones or decreased ones, influence the increase of CVI incidence, while by comparing the average values in the days with CVI and without CVI, they did not have any influence on the CVI incidence.

[The level lipids in serum for specific professions]. / Nivo lipida u serumu kod osoba specificnih zanimanja.

The high level lipids combine with other factors of risk for atherosclerotic heart disease and stroke (CVA) are one of the most important health problems all over the world. A risk for development of such changes is higher for specific profession as policemen. In this prospective study 300 policemen were medically examined; 150 tested patients and 150 policemen in control group. The same methods were applied to both groups: detailed anamnesis, physical check up, complete laboratory testing, electrophoresis of lipids at hypercholesterolinemia, Ultra-sound examination of abdomen and The Color Doppler analysis of neck arteries. Results obtained by statistical data processing have shown that the level of cholesterol and triglycerides in serums of the tested patients is significantly increased in comparison with the control group. Ultra-sound examination of abdomen detected fatty infiltration of liver for 16% patients and for 2% control group. The Color Doppler analysis of neck arteries for 14% patients revealed from hardly observable changes to dramatic narrowing of lumen up to 50%. For control group this percent was 0,66. Having in mind that this group consists of young active people, the problem of hyperlipidemy becomes even more serious.