[Correction of the lumbosacral orthosis in the patients presenting with patellofemoral pain syndrome with the use of physical exercise therapy]. / Korrektsiia myshechnogo korseta poiasnichno-kresttsovogo otdela pozvonochnika u patsientov s patellofemoral'nym bolevym sindromom metodom lechebnoi fizkul'tury.

THE RATIONALE: The differential approach taking into consideration the pathogenetic aspects of the pathological condition of interest with the identification of the principal cause of disorders in the musculo-skeletal system is a topical issue in the development of the measures for the rehabilitative treatment of the affected patients. Despite a great variety of methods and guidelines currently available for the conservative treatment of the musculoskeletal system diseases, further investigations and the development of the approaches and recommendations are needed for the correction and prevention of pathobiomechanical disorders and securing the optimal motor stereotype. AIM: The objective of the present study was to improve the existing methods for the correction of the lumbosacral orthosis in the patients presenting with patellofemoral pain syndrome with the use of physical exercise therapy for the improvement of their locomotor activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We have undertaken a randomized controlled clinical study involving 60 outpatients. They were divided into two groups designated as the main and control ones. The inclusion criteria were the age between 18 and 35 years, the feeling of discomfort or pain in the lumbosacral region, and the combined patellofemoral syndrome. All the patients underwent the comprehensive examination of the musculoskeletal system, and evaluation of pain intensity based on the relevant visual-analogue scales, stabilometry before and after the treatment of the patients comprising the main group with the use of the combined correction and of the control patients with the application of the conventional correction methods. RESULTS: The treatment with the use of the proposed original physical exercise therapy of the patients presenting with the pain syndrome in the lumbosacral region resulted in a reduction of its intensity by 27% on the average (p<0.05) and a significant 40% decrease in the frequency of dysfunction of the thoracoabdominal diaphragm. Simultaneously, the frequency of dysfunction of the muscles stabilizing the lumbosacral spine and the lower extremity on the side of the patellofemoral complex decreased by 53.4% and 17.8% on the average, respectively. Parameters of stabilometry evaluated from the results of the 'Mishen' (Target) test and the Romberg test with eyes closed improved by 1.9 times (p<0.05) and 2.5 times (p<0.05) on the average, respectively. CONCLUSION: The study has demonstrated that dysfunction of the sacral bone and muscles in the lumbosacral spine region responsible for the formation of the pain syndrome in the lower part of the back develops in 67% of the patients presenting with the patellofemoral pain syndrome. Physiotherapy including endurance-type exercises and activation of the muscles stabilizing the lumbosacral spine and lower extremities can improve results of rehabilitation.

[Etiology of inflammatory maxillofacial diseases and estimation of the effectiveness of antibacterial drugs in vitro]. / Etiologiia vospalitel'nykh zabolevanii cheliustno-litsevoi oblasti i otsenka éffektivnosti antibakterial'nykh preparatov in vitro.

The results of identification of 710 clinical strains of anaerobic microorganisms isolated from the pathological foci of patients with maxillofacial diseases are presented. The species composition of the microflora associations in the cases with abscesses, phlegmon, lymphadenitis, osteomyelitis and parodontitis is described. Along with a high frequency of nonsporulating anaerobes, staphylococci, microaerophilic streptococci and in the cases with parodontitis actinomycetes, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus coagulans strains (1.6-15% of the isolated strains) were first detected in cases with various forms of the disease. Two groups of the drugs effective against the anaerobes were identified by the data on the antibiotic sensitivity. The lowest MICs along with the activity broad spectrum were defined for gramicidin, levomycetin and nitazol.

[Changes in the clinico-hemodynamic parameters and tolerance for physical loading in women who have had a myocardial infarct at the sanatorium stage of rehabilitation]. / Izmenenie kliniko-gemodinamicheskikh parametrov i tolerantnosti k fizicheskoi nagruzke u zhenshchin, perenesshikh infarkt miokarda na sanatornom étape reabilitatsii.

The examination of 70 postmyocardial infarction females on aftertreatment in the sanatorium demonstrated that marked cardiohemodynamic shifts correlating in severity with those of the patient's condition persisted in the early post-hospital period. Most of the patients had hypokinetic circulation, those of gravity class III delayed in forming compensatory and adaptive mechanisms of the cardiovascular system under growing muscular load. The greatest role in forming physical adaptation is attributed to peripheral hemodynamics.

[Effects of antibiotics and anti-bacterial components of preparations for local treatment of suppurative wounds on pathogens of odonto- genic infections]. / Deistvie na vozbuditelei odontogennoi infektsii antibiotikov i antibakterial'nykh komponentov, vkhodiashchikh v sostav preparatov dlia mestnogo lecheniia gnoinykh ran.

The results of identification and sensitivity assay of 156 strains of pathogens causing odontogenic infections are presented. In the sensitivity assay antibacterial drugs were used. 42.3 percent of the strains were obligate anaerobes belonging to Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Veillonella and Actinomyces. Significant differences in the microbial sensitivity to the drugs used for general and local therapy were detected. There was observed high sensitivity of the obligate anaerobes to gramicidin (0.02 micrograms/ml), nitazol (10 micrograms/ml), levomycetin and tetracycline (60 micrograms/ml). Antiseptics such as dioxidine and chlorhexidine used locally showed satisfactory results. The above mentioned drugs and especially levomycetin were also rather active against facultative organisms in associations of pathogens causing odontogenic infections: Bacillus coagulans, B. licheniformis, Pseudomonas sp., Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Staphylococcus sp. and Streptococcus sp.

[Disorders of immunity in alcoholic patients with myocardial infarction]. / Narusheniia immuniteta u bol'nykh infarktom miokarda, zloupotrebliavshikh alkogolem.

Cell-mediated immunity was assessed in myocardial infarction patients with and without a history of alcohol abuse. Patients with chronic alcoholic intoxication (CAI) showed a deficiency of T cells, abnormal proportions of immunocompetent cells and impaired tissue antigen recognition resulting in autoimmune disorders. Practicability of immunocorrection in myocardial infarction patients with CAI is discussed.

[Current problems of prevention of diseases among ship crew of transport marine]. / Aktual'nye voprosy profilaktiki zabolevanii plavsostava morskogo transportnogo flota.

New organizational forms of disease prevention are substantiated on the basis of thorough study of sailors' health state according to the morbidity data for the voyage period and between these periods. The results of annual medical checkups and assessment of the existing system of medical provision have been also used. Four main chains responsible for the ship's crew health protection have been established along with the continuity principles of the curative and preventive care of sailors with account of the specific nature of their work in the system "shore--ship--shore".

[Lysozyme content in biological substrates and immunological indices of the blood in pneumonia patients]. / Soderzhanie lizotsima v biologicheskikh substratakh i immunologicheskie pokazateli krovi bol'nykh pnevmoniei.

An increase of lysozyme content in biological fluids observed during treatment of pulmonary diseases was shown to be followed by positive immunological and clinical effects. The parameters of immunological properties of lysozyme determined on the patient blood cells in vitro (before treatment) may be used for prediction of the drug efficacy during treatment.

[Changes in the immunologic status of myocardial infarct patients at various times in its course]. / Izmeneniia immunologicheskogo statusa bol'nykh infarktom miokarda v raznye sroki zabolevaniia.

Cell-mediated and humoral immunity parameters were investigated at different dates of myocardial infarction and compared with the blood tests. A diagram is proposed correlating changes of immune status to blood test results, as an instrument for the assessment of changes in immune status on the basis of blood composition. Immunologic changes (defense immunodeficiency and developing cytotoxic component) associated with acute myocardial infarction, and disorders of immunologic control persisting to the time of discharge were demonstrated. Immunologic tests with specific antigens help to decipher the nature of immunity disorders detectable on the basis of blood test results.

[Diagnostic significance of electrocardiography and myocardial scintigraphy with 99m Tc-Sn-pyrophosphate and 99m Tc-Sn-phosphone in patients with stenocardia]. / Diagnosticheskaia znachimost' élektrokardiografii, stsintigrafi miokarda s 99mTc-Sn-pirofosfatom i 99mTc-Sn-fosfonom u bol'nykh so stenokardiei.

Altogether 123 angina patients were examined using electrocardiography and scintigraphy of the myocardium with two 99m Tc radiopharmaceutical complexes: pyrophosphate and phosphone. A comparative analysis of the results obtained with different methods of investigation before and after an attack of angina pectoris was made. The authors have shown some peculiarities of radionuclide distribution in the myocardium and the diagnostic value of each method of investigation in patients with different clinical forms of angina pectoris.

[Principle of determining the human requirements for basic foodstuffs in relation to climatic conditions]. / Printsip opredeleneiia potrebnosti cheloveka v osnovnykh pishchevykh veshchestvakh v zavisimosti ot klimaticheskikh uslovii.

A nomographic method is described for determination of the mans requirements of proteins, fats and carbohydrates depending on the climatic factor and physical activity. The authors propose that the principle of the territorial division of the country into climatic zones be used for a differentiated study of the influence of climatic factors on the human body. A mathematical principle of the assessment of the man's requirement of the main foodstuffs has been developed, based on the physiological correlation of proteins, fats and carbohydrates according to to their calorific value (14:27:59). The method proposed allows the assessment of the requirement of food for a person, or different groups of the population with respect to their environment (climatic conditions) and physical activity.

[Diagnostic possibilities of radionuclide methods of studying patients with stable and unstable angina pectoris]. / Diagnosticheskie vozmozhnosti radionuklidnykh metodov issledovaniia u bol'nykh so stabil'noi i nestabil'noi stenokardiei.

Myocardial radiocardiography and scintigraphy with 99mTc-pyrophosphate was performed in 58 patients with stable angina and 60 patients with unstable angina. In patients with stable angina, positive scintigrams were mostly recorded after anginal attacks. Their central hemodynamic parameters deteriorated progressively as angina increased in severity. Patients with unstable angina typically showed myocardial accumulation of the label that was unrelated to anginal attacks and recordable by direct-projection scintigraphy. The assessment of myocardial radiocardiographic and scintigraphic data allows one to differentiate between stable and unstable angina.