[The structure of intestinal dysbioses in children of preschool age during long-term period of monitoring].

The study was organized to examine long-term (1990-2011) structure of intestinal dysbioses in children of preschool age residing in Irkutsk. The significant decrease of expression of micro-ecological shifts (IV and III degrees) to the end of period of monitoring and almost total lacking of cases of eubiosis and statistically reliable (p ≤ 0.05) increasing of rate of dysbioses of I and II degrees were established. The given circumstance can be related to ongoing on the territory ecological pressure on organism of negative factors of environment including factors of anthropogenic character.

[The detection of occurrence rate of genes coding capability to form pili binding in auto-strains of Escherichia coli].

E. coli is a commensal of intestine of the vertebrata. The exchange of genetic material of different types of bacteria between themselves and with other representatives of family of Enterobacteriaceae in intestinal ecosystem results in development of types of normal colibacillus with genetic characteristics of pathogenicity that can serve as a theoretical substantiation to attribute such strains to pathobionts. The entero-pathogenic colibacillus continues be an important cause of diarrhea in children in developing countries. The gene responsible for formation of pili binding is a necessary condition for virulence of entero-pathogenic colibacillus. The polymerase chain reaction was applied to examine 316 strains of different types of E. coli (normal, with weak enzyme activity and hemolytic activity) isolated from healthy children and children with functional disorders of gastro-intestinal tract for presence of genes coding capability to form pill binding. The presence of this gene in different biochemical types of E. coli permits to establish the fact of formation of reservoir of pathogenicity in indigent microbiota of intestinal biocenosis.

[THE SPECIES CHARACTERISTIC OF BIFIDOBACTERIA IN INTESTINAL BIOTOPE OF CHILDREN WITH FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA].

The study was carried out to investigate species specter and combinational variety of bifidobacteria in children with functional dyspepsia. The examined sampling included 73 children with functional dyspepsia aged from 4 to 6 years. The comparison group according common characteristic of microbiota of large intestine included 100 healthy children comparative by age. In 32 out of all examined children species specter of bifidobacteria in intestine was analyzed. The species diagnostic of bifidobacteria was implemented by using technique of polymerase chain reaction. In children with functional dyspepsia the analysis established dysbiosis alterations in intestinal biotope, characterizing by deficiency of bifidobacteria and selection of opportunistic microorganisms. The alteration of species structure of bifidobacteria in children with functional dyspepsia is demonstrated: decreasing of prevalence of populations of Bifidobacterium catenulatum and appearance of rare species of bifidobacteria B. dentium and B. angulatum. The differences are established concerning formation of species preference of bifidobacteria in conditions of conjoint vegetation in intestinal biotope of children with functional dyspepsia and in healthy children. The comprehensive analysis of micro-ecological status of intestine of children with functional dyspepsia using non-invasive techniques and including analysis of species profile, associative potential, communicative capacities of bifidobacteria complements complex of diagnostic criteria, permits to develop prognostic markers and to determine parameters of following therapy of functional dyspepsia.

[The formation of intestinal microbiocenosis in children in the industrial cities of Siberia].

The purpose of this study was to investigate the features of the formation of intestinal microbiocenosis in children residing in the industrial cities of Siberia. The study included 168 healthy children. There is presented the medical and hygienic assessment of the examined area with bearing in mind the degree and specificity of the man-made pollution of the atmosphere. There were revealed distinctive features of formation of intestinal microecology, specific for the each of the examined groups (diversity of species of transient microorganisms, rated characteristics of opportunistic pathogens, "indicator" species).

[The detection of strains of Esherichia coll producing Shiga toxin in populations of normal intestinal microbiota in children with functional disorders of gastrointestinal tract].

In intestinal ecosystem, interchange of genetic material between different types of bacteria and other representatives of family Enterobacteriaceae results in development of types of normal colibacillus with genetic characteristics of pathogenicity. This occurrence can be considered as a theoretical substantiation for labeling such strains as pathobionts. The polymerase chain reaction was implemented to analyze 96 strains of different types of Escherichia coli (with normal and weak zymogenic activity and hemolytic activity) isolated from children with functional disorders of gastrointestinal tract. The purpose was to detect presence of gens coding capacity of toxin production (six1, stx2). In intestinal biotope of children, circulation of strains of Escherichia coli producing shiga toxin having no relation to pathogenic group being representatives of normal indigenous microbiota. The presence of gens stx1 and stx2 in various biochemical types of Escherichia coli permits establishing fact of forming of reservoir of potential pathogenicity in non-pathogenic forms of Escherichia coli. The presence of gen (verotoxin 1) in genome of various types of Escherichia coli isolated from one single biotope testifies possible horizontal transmission of factors of pathogenicity in intestinal biotope.

[Reciprocal formation of mucosal microflora of open cavities of different habitats in women as an important factor of their reproductive health].

This review presents the current data on the human microbiome. In recent increase of erased and primary chronic forms of inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs is observed, in which the clinical manifestations are varied, but the symptoms are not so much related with the changes in the pelvic organs, but with abnormalities in other body systems, secondarily involved in the pathological process. Recent research proved mutual influence of intestinal, vaginal and nasopharyngeal biocenosis. Women with vaginal microbiota disorders often revealed intestinal dysbiosis and chronic diseases of ENT (Ear Nose Throat) organs, which in turn contributes to chronic inflammatory process of pelvic organs, failure of therapeutic interventions, reduced quality of life and increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

[The specific features of microbiocenoses in children living under conditions of anthropogenic pressing].

The specific features of enteric and nasopharyngeal microbiocenoses and the species composition of bifidobacteria have been studied in children living in the industrial towns of the Irkutsk Region under the existing anthropogenic load. Ambient air pollution is characterized and a presumptive human health risk assessed.

[Enteric microbiocenosis in the population of an industrial city].

According to the state of atmosphere, Irkutsk has been among 45 cities and towns of Russia with high levels of air pollution for tens of years. The body's normal microflora is directly related to environmental factors. The degree of a risk for dysbiotic disorders in intestinal microbiocenosis was estimated in the persons living in the industrial city's areas with different levels of ambient air pollution. A total of 400 apparently healthy individuals aged 1-14 and 15 years or older who lived in different areas of the city. Within one industrial city, the persons living in the "dirtiest" areas showed negative trends associated with bifidobacterium and lactobacillus deficiency and the widespread of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans.

[Immunoloical aspects of the antropogenic response to the antigens of symbiotic non-toxigenic diphtherial corynebacteria].

Corynebacteria, being ancient symbionts of open cavities of human body, carry unique, balanced immunogenic stimuli, formed in the process of evolution, thus maintaining non-specific resistance at a certain level. They favor formation of human microcenotic communities as a normal biological and physiological phenomenon. Codivak, a preparation of natural antigens of a symbiotic strain of non-toxigenic diphtherial corynebacteria, is able to correct not only disturbances of oropharyngeal immunity, but also general cell-mediated and humoral immunity disorders.

[In vitro evaluation of influence of medicinal plant decoctions and antibacterial antibodies to bifidobacteria on bifidobacterium adhesion]. / Otsenka vliianiia otvarov lekarstvennykh rastenii i protivobakterial'nykh antitel k bifidobakteriiam na ikh adgeziiu in vitro.

Natural antibodies to the surface antigens of bifidobacteria contained in blood sera and determined in the passive hemagglutination test blocked the adhesion of bifidobacteria to human red blood cells in vitro. The decoctions of medicinal plants, often used by pediatricians for therapeutic purposes, were found to have a pronounced inhibiting effect on the adhesion of bifidobacteria after the preliminary treatment of both microorganisms and human red blood cells by these decoctions. Suggestion was made on the possible role of natural human antibodies in changing the contents of the indigenous intestinal microflora; the prolonged use of preparations obtained from medicinal plants could probably produce negative influence on the microbiocenosis of the intestine.

[Aspects of the immunological status of the population of the western section of the Baikal-Amur mainline]. / Izuchenie nekotorykh storon immunologicheskogo statusa naseleniia zapadnogo uchastka BAMa.

The results of the study of the immunological structure of the population at the western section of the Baikal-Amur Railroad in respect to influenza virus at different seasons of the year and with different intensity of the epidemic process are presented. The dynamics of the total level and properties of immunoglobulins of three classes (IgM, IgG and IgA) has been followed. The potential human capacity for immune response to infections under the conditions of the construction of the Baikal-Amur Railroad has been shown to remain unchanged.