Effect of supplementing vitamin E analogues on post-thaw semen parameters and fertility in chicken.

1. The effect of supplementing water-soluble vitamin E analogues 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid (trolox) and butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) was studied in two separate experiments. 2. In the first experiment, trolox was supplemented at 0.2 mM, 0.4 mM and 0.8 mM concentrations along with N-methylacetamide (MA; 12% final concentration) and semen was cryopreserved in 0.5 ml French straws. Different semen parameters and fertility were assessed from post-thaw samples. 3. Sperm motility, live sperm, and mitochondrial activity were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in cryopreserved semen. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in cryopreserved semen that was reduced by trolox supplementation. The treatment containing trolox at 0.2 mM concentration produced significantly higher (P < 0.05) fertility compared to unsupplemented cryopreservation treatment. 4. In the second experiment, BHT was supplemented at 0.25 mM, 0.5 mM, and 1 mM concentrations along with MA during semen cryopreservation. 5. Sperm motility, live sperm and MTT dye reduction test were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in cryopreserved semen. These parameters declined with increasing BHT concentration. Abnormal sperm was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the BHT supplemented treatments. The sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in cryopreserved samples and was highest in samples supplemented with 0.5 mM and 1 mM BHT. The percentage fertility was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in cryopreserved semen and BHT supplementation did not improve fertility. 6. In conclusion, trolox supplementation at 0.2 mM concentration during semen cryopreservation improved fertility, whereas BHT supplementation resulted in a decline in post-thaw semen parameters.

Iodine-catalyzed conjugate addition of indoles onto en-1,4-dione: a novel synthesis of 3-(1-(1H-indol-3-yl)-2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)indolin-2-ones as antibacterial and antifungal agents.

Indole and its derivatives undergo smooth conjugate addition onto en-1,4-dione derived from isatin and acetophenone, in the presence of a catalytic amount of molecular iodine in acetonitrile under mild conditions to afford a novel class of 3-(1-(1H-indol-3-yl)-2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)indolin-2-one derivatives in good yields with high degree of 1,4-selectivity. Some of these compounds are found to exhibit modest antibacterial and antifungal properties.

Efficient synthesis, structural characterization and anti-microbial activity of chiral aryl boronate esters of 1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-D-xylofuranose.

A simple and efficient synthetic approach toward a series of chiral aryl boronate esters, starting from D-xylose, as anti-microbial agents, is described herein. Minimum inhibitory concentration and zone of inhibition revealed that these derivatives exhibit potent anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties. Herein, we report the first anti-microbial activity of this class of compounds. All products have been characterized by NMR ((1)H, (13)C and (11)B), IR, elemental and mass spectral study.

Click chemistry: studies on the synthesis of novel fluorous tagged triazol-4-yl substituted quinazoline derivatives and their biological evaluation--theoretical and experimental validation.

The formation of N- and O-propargylated quinazoline derivatives 2, 3 from quinazol-4-ones 1 was theoretically predicted by optimizations at B3LYP/6-31G* level, analysed kinetically and thermodynamically. Theoretical predictions are validated by experiment to observe the trends and found deviation. Thus, compound 1 was propargylated in basic media to obtain compound 2 and 3 in definite proportions. Each compound was further subjected to [3+2] cycloaddition using perfluoroalkyl azides through Click reaction under Sharpless conditions, and obtained a series of novel perfluoroalkyl-1H,1,2,3-triazol-4-yl substituted quinazolines 4, 5, and 6. All the compounds were screened for antimicrobial activity and identified potential compounds.

An efficient synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes and evaluation of their antimicrobial activities.

A versatile and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes by using aluminium triflate (0.5 mol%) as a novel catalyst. Further, some of the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their efficacy as antibacterial and antifungal activities. Most of the compounds have shown moderate to good inhibitory activity.