Pathology Residency Curricula.

OBJECTIVES: To perform a systematic review of the published literature on pathology graduate medical education, with a focus on novel educational curricula. METHODS: We systematically searched the PubMed and Embase databases for relevant articles published between 2000 and 2021. RESULTS: We analyzed 612 articles and selected 19 peer-reviewed, full-length, English language articles published between 2003 and 2021 describing unique curricula for final review. Details on the general characteristics, conceptualization, design, implementation, and assessment were collected and discussed. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review highlights a recent increase in published curricular endeavors specifically addressing topics of educational need that are otherwise not commonly taught in traditional residency training. Curricula are diverse in their teaching methods, implementation, and originating institutions. The lack of meaningful evaluated outcomes and available curricular materials may hinder wider use of such curricula; these should be considered by future pathology educators undertaking their design.

Renal Oncocytoma With Both Lymphovascular Invasion and Prominent Intracytoplasmic Vacuole-Like Spaces: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Here we report a case of renal oncocytoma in a 68 year-old male. The diagnosis was initially made on a needle biopsy 6 years prior to the partial nephrectomy. The case is unique that in addition to the gross and microscopic features commonly seen in renal oncocytomas, both lymphovascular invasion and prominent intracytoplasmic vacuole-like spaces are also present in this tumor. Although vascular invasion is increasingly recognized as compatible with renal oncocytoma, intracytoplasmic vacuoles are a rare and unusual finding that may lead to diagnostic difficulty. The diagnosis of renal oncocytoma was confirmed after immunohistochemistry was performed to argue against succinate dehydrogenase deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and chromophobe RCC. This case highlights the importance for practicing pathologists to recognize the rare co-occurrence of lymphovascular invasion and large intracytoplasmic vacuole-like spaces in renal oncocytoma. Other differential diagnoses may include emerging renal tumor entities, such as the recently-proposed eosinophilic vacuolated tumor.

Developing an interactive and illustrative laboratory management curriculum for cytopathology trainees.

Laboratory management is a critically important but often overlooked portion of cytopathology training. Indeed, recent surveys of new-in-practice pathologists have consistently shown this to be an area of deficiency. Fortunately, there are a multitude of resources available to fill this need.1-6 These resources, such as government websites and publications by professional organizations, are often freely accessible to everyone; however, the information they provide is scattered across the vast expanse of cyberspace. We offer this educational module to bridge those gaps and string together a web of resources. The curriculum content includes a pretest to assess the trainee's knowledge and a tree of clickable subject headings covering basic laboratory management topics that a graduating cytopathology fellow should be familiar with. Each subject heading is linked to a summary of the subject using tables and visual diagrams with hyperlinks to specific online resources and additional detailed information. A posttest is included to provide instant feedback. Although by no means comprehensive, we hope this will provide a stepping stone for our readers to build a sound laboratory management foundation that may guide their practice.