Programa de gimnasia laboral para los moldeadores manuales metalúrgicos

Los trastornos músculo-esqueléticos relacionados con el trabajo constituyen motivo de preocupación para la comunidad científica, avalado por su efecto negativo en la vida de los trabajadores y la productividad de las empresas. En el proceso de fundición de metales, los moldeadores manuales con pisón neumático exteriorizan manifestaciones de estas afecciones. Ello indujo a realizar una investigación que tuvo como objetivo elaborar un programa de Gimnasia Laboral para contribuir a la atención de los trastornos músculo-esqueléticos en los moldeadores manuales metalúrgicos. Para recopilar, analizar y procesar los datos se emplearon métodos teóricos, empíricos y matemático-estadísticos, entre ellos el histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo, sistémico-estructural-funcional, la observación participante, encuesta, entrevista, revisión documental, el experimento, criterio de usuarios y la estadística descriptiva e inferencial. La población objeto de estudio estuvo conformada por 19 moldeadores manuales metalúrgicos, seleccionados de forma intencional. El diagnóstico y la sistematización teórica alcanzada posibilitaron elaborar un programa de Gimnasia Laboral, en correspondencia con los requerimientos del proceso de moldeo, cuya efectividad fue constatada.

As lesões músculo-esqueléticas relacionadas com o trabalho são motivo de preocupação para a comunidade científica, sustentadas pelos seus efeitos negativos na vida dos trabalhadores e na produtividade das empresas. No processo de fundição do metal, os moldadores manuais com compactador pneumático externalizam as manifestações dessas condições. Isso originou uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo desenvolver um programa de Ginástica Laboral para contribuir no cuidado de lesões osteomusculares em moldadores manuais metalúrgicos. Para coletar, analisar e tratar os dados foram utilizados métodos teóricos, empíricos e matemático-estatísticos, incluindo histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético, indutivo-dedutivo, sistêmico-estrutural-funcional, observação participante, levantamento, entrevista, revisão documental, o experimento, critérios de usuário e estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais. A população em estudo foi composta por 19 modeladores manuais metalúrgicos, selecionados intencionalmente. O diagnóstico e a sistematização teórica conseguidos permitiram desenvolver um programa de Ginástica Laboral, em correspondência com as exigências do processo de moldagem, cuja eficácia foi verificada.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are a cause of concern for the scientific community, supported by their negative effect on the lives of workers and the productivity of companies. In the metal casting process, manual molders with pneumatic tamper externalize manifestations of these conditions. This led to carrying out a research that aimed to develop a Labor Gymnastics program to contribute to the care of musculoskeletal disorders in metallurgical manual shapers. To collect, analyze and process the data, theoretical, empirical and mathematical-statistical methods were used, including historical-logical, analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, systemic-structural-functional, participant observation, survey, interview, documentary review, the experiment, user criteria and descriptive and inferential statistics. The population under study was made up of 19 metallurgical manual shapers, intentionally selected. The diagnosis and theoretical systematization achieved made it possible to develop a Labor Gymnastics program, in correspondence with the requirements of the molding process, whose effectiveness was verified.

Cytotoxic effects on human dental pulp stem Cells after exposure to adhesive bonding agents.

Studies regarding cytotoxic effects attributed to the use of adhesive bonding agents on pulp tissue are not conclusive. To point out whether these materials are safe for clinical use, in vivo exposure of dental pulp to adhesive bonding agents was simulated using an experimental setup in which Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSC) are exposed to the action of two kinds of adhesives: self-etching adhesives and two-step bonding agents through a dentine barrier. Cytotoxic effects on these cells were evaluated by MTT assay protocol and fluorescence microscopy, and their results were contrasted to those obtained through Raman spectra taken on single hDPSCs. Overall, no significant cytotoxic effects were observed by combining all the techniques, and cell viability close to 90% was achieved for a dentine barrier of at least 1 mm thick. Moreover, Raman spectroscopy was able to detect structural DNA damage in some dental pulp cells when exposed to two-step bonding agents, suggesting that this technique could be considered a complementary tool with the potential to evaluate cell toxicity beyond cell viability.

Evaluation of Ilex guayusa and Piper marginatum Extract Cytotoxicity on Human Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

BACKGROUND: Amelogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary disorder affecting dental enamel. Among its phenotypes, hypocalcified AI is characterized by mineral deficiency, leading to tissue wear and, consequently, dental sensitivity. Excessive fluoride intake (through drinking water, fluoride supplements, toothpaste, or by ingesting products such as pesticides or insecticides) can lead to a condition known as dental fluorosis, which manifests as stains and teeth discoloration affecting their structure. Our recent studies have shown that extracts from Colombian native plants, Ilex guayusa and Piper marginatum, deposit mineral ions such as phosphate and orthophosphate into the dental enamel structure; however, it is unknown whether these extracts produce toxic effects on the dental pulp. OBJECTIVE: To assess cytotoxicity effects on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) exposed to extracts isolated from I. guayusa and P. marginatum and, hence, their safety for clinical use. METHODS: Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and flow cytometry techniques were employed. For Raman spectroscopy, hDPSCs were seeded onto nanobiochips designed to provide surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS effect), which enhances their Raman signal by several orders of magnitude. After eight days in culture, I. guayusa and P. marginatum extracts at different concentrations (10, 50, and 100 ppm) were added. Raman measurements were performed at 0, 12, and 24 h following extract application. Fluorescence microscopy was conducted using an OLIMPUS fv1000 microscope, a live-dead assay was performed using a kit employing a BD FACS Canto TM II flow cytometer, and data analysis was determined using a FlowJo program. RESULTS: The Raman spectroscopy results showed spectra consistent with viable cells. These findings were corroborated using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry techniques, confirming high cellular viability. CONCLUSIONS: The analyzed extracts exhibited low cytotoxicity, suggesting that they could be safely applied on enamel for remineralization purposes. The use of nanobiochips for SERS effect improved the cell viability assessment.

Cytotoxic effects on human dental pulp stem Cells after exposure to adhesive bonding agents

Abstract Studies regarding cytotoxic effects attributed to the use of adhesive bonding agents on pulp tissue are not conclusive. To point out whether these materials are safe for clinical use, in vivo exposure of dental pulp to adhesive bonding agents was simulated using an experimental setup in which Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSC) are exposed to the action of two kinds of adhesives: self-etching adhesives and two-step bonding agents through a dentine barrier. Cytotoxic effects on these cells were evaluated by MTT assay protocol and fluorescence microscopy, and their results were contrasted to those obtained through Raman spectra taken on single hDPSCs. Overall, no significant cytotoxic effects were observed by combining all the techniques, and cell viability close to 90% was achieved for a dentine barrier of at least 1 mm thick. Moreover, Raman spectroscopy was able to detect structural DNA damage in some dental pulp cells when exposed to two-step bonding agents, suggesting that this technique could be considered a complementary tool with the potential to evaluate cell toxicity beyond cell viability.

Resumo Os estudos sobre os efeitos citotóxicos atribuídos ao uso de agentes de união adesivo no tecido pulpar não são conclusivos. Para determinar se esses materiais são seguros para uso clínico, a exposição in vivo da polpa dentária a agentes de união adesiva foi simulada por meio de uma configuração experimental na qual as células-tronco da polpa dentária humana (hDPSC) são expostas à ação de dois tipos de adesivos: adesivos autocondicionantes e agentes de união de duas etapas por meio de uma barreira de dentina. Os efeitos citotóxicos nessas células foram avaliados pelo protocolo de ensaio MTT e microscopia de fluorescência, e seus resultados foram contrastados com os obtidos por meio de espectros Raman obtidos em hDPSCs individuais. De modo geral, não foram observados efeitos citotóxicos significativos com a combinação de todas as técnicas, e a viabilidade celular próxima a 90% foi obtida para uma barreira de dentina de pelo menos 1 mm de espessura. Além disso, a espectroscopia Raman foi capaz de detectar danos estruturais ao DNA em algumas células da polpa dentária quando expostas a agentes de colagem de duas etapas, sugerindo que essa técnica poderia ser considerada uma ferramenta complementar com potencial para avaliar a toxicidade celular além da viabilidade celular.

Manifestaciones de trastornos musculoesqueléticos en moldeadores manuales metalúrgicos

Introducción: Los trastornos musculoesqueléticos en el contexto laboral metalúrgico repercuten negativamente desde la perspectiva personal, económica y social de los trabajadores. Objetivo: Identificar las manifestaciones de trastornos musculoesqueléticos en los moldeadores manuales metalúrgicos del área de fundición de la empresa Holmeca de la provincia Holguín, Cuba, en el período comprendido enero-marzo de 2021. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, no experimental de corte transversal en 19 moldeadores manuales metalúrgicos, en el que se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas, ubicación de zonas dolorosas, intensidad del dolor, tiempo de aparición y duración del trastorno. Se emplearon métodos teóricos, empíricos. Fue utilizado el Cuestionario Nórdico estandarizado de Kuorinka y la Escala Visual Analógica. El procesamiento de la información se llevó a cabo mediante la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Se identificaron las zonas dolorosas y la prevalencia más alta de dolor musculoesqueléticos en: muñeca/mano (94,74 %), hombro (89,47 %), dorsal/lumbar (89,47 %) y codo/antebrazo (84,21 %). La intensidad del dolor fue determinada como intenso en el 36,84 % y moderado en el 42,11 % de los trabajadores; mientras que en el 21,05 % fue leve. El tiempo de padecimiento delos trastornos fue de 3-38 años,que aparecieron luego de 5 a 7 años de haber comenzado las labores en el área de estudio. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de manifestaciones de trastornos musculoesqueléticos en los moldeadores manuales metalúrgicos del área de fundición de la empresa Holmeca de Holguín es elevada. Se identifican en mano/muñeca, hombro, lumbar y codo/antebrazo, como las zonas anatómicas más afectadas en este grupo poblacional.

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders in the metallurgical work context have a negative impact from the personal, economic and social perspective of workers. Objective: To identify the manifestations of musculoskeletal disorders in metallurgical manual molders in the foundry area of the Holmeca company in the province of Holguín, Cuba, in the period from January to March 2021. Method: An observational, non-experimental study was carried out. cross-sectional study in 19 metallurgical manual shapers, which included sociodemographic variables, location of painful areas, pain intensity, time of onset and duration of the disorder. Theoretical and empirical methods were used. The standardized Kuorinka Nordic Questionnaire and the Visual Analog Scale were used. The information processing was carried out using descriptive statistics. Results: The painful areas and the highest prevalence of musculoskeletal pain were identified in: wrist/hand (94.74%), shoulder (89.47%), dorsal/lumbar (89.47%) and elbow/forearm (84.21%). The intensity of the pain was determined as intense in 36.84% and moderate in 42.11% of the workers; while in 21.05% it was mild. The duration of the disorders was 3-38 years, which appeared after 5 to 7 years after beginning work in the study area. Conclusions: The prevalence of manifestations of musculoskeletal disorders in metallurgical manual molders in the foundry area of the Holmeca company in Holguín is high. They are identified in the hand/wrist, shoulder, lumbar and elbow/forearm, as the anatomical areas most affected in this population group.

Introdução: As lesões osteomusculares no contexto do trabalho metalúrgico têm um impacto negativo na perspectiva pessoal, económica e social dos trabalhadores. Objetivo: Identificar as manifestações de distúrbios osteomusculares em moldadores manuais metalúrgicos da área de fundição da empresa Holmeca, na província de Holguín, Cuba, no período de janeiro a março de 2021. Método: Foi realizado um estudo observacional, não experimental. estudo transversal em 19 modeladores manuais metalúrgicos, que incluiu variáveis sociodemográficas, localização das áreas dolorosas, intensidade da dor, tempo de início e duração do distúrbio. Foram utilizados métodos teóricos e empíricos. Foram utilizados o Questionário Nórdico Kuorinka padronizado e a Escala Visual Analógica. O processamento das informações foi realizado por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados: As áreas dolorosas e as maiores prevalências de dores musculoesqueléticas foram identificadas em: punho/mão (94,74%), ombro (89,47%), dorsal/lombar (89,47%) e cotovelo/antebraço (84,21%). A intensidade da dor foi determinada como intensa em 36,84% e moderada em 42,11% dos trabalhadores; enquanto em 21,05% foi leve. A duração dos distúrbios foi de 3 a 38 anos, surgindo após 5 a 7 anos após o início do trabalho na área de estudo. Conclusões: É elevada a prevalência de manifestações de distúrbios musculoesqueléticos em moldadores manuais metalúrgicos na área de fundição da empresa Holmeca em Holguín. São identificadas na mão/punho, ombro, lombar e cotovelo/antebraço, como as áreas anatômicas mais acometidas neste grupo populacional.

Viability and Adhesion of Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts on a Hydroxyapatite Scaffold Combined with Collagen, Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer and Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A Preclinical Pilot Study.

Background: Conventional periodontal therapy relies on bone regeneration strategies utilizing scaffolds made of diverse materials, among which collagen, to promote cell adhesion and growth. Objective: To evaluate periodontal ligament fibroblast (HPdLF) cell adhesion and viability for periodontal regeneration purposes on hydroxyapatite scaffolds containing collagen (HAp-egg shell) combined with polylactic acid−polyglycolic acid copolymer (PLGA) and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF). Methods: Four variations of the HAp-egg shell were used to seed HPdLF for 24 h and evaluate cell viability through a live/dead assay: (1) (HAp-egg shell/PLGA), (2) (HAp-egg shell/PLGA + collagen), (3) (HAp-egg shell/PLGA + PRF) and (4) (HAp-egg shell/PLGA + PRF + collagen). Cell adhesion and viability were determined using confocal microscopy and quantified using central tendency and dispersion measurements; significant differences were determined using ANOVA (p < 0.05). Results: Group 1 presented low cell viability and adhesion (3.70−10.17%); groups 2 and 3 presented high cell viability and low cell adhesion (group 2, 59.2−11.1%, group 3, 58−4.6%); group 4 presented the highest cell viability (82.8%) and moderate cell adhesion (45%) (p = 0.474). Conclusions: The effect of collagen on the HAp-egg shell/PLGA scaffold combined with PRF favored HPdLF cell adhesion and viability and could clinically have a positive effect on bone defect resolution and the regeneration of periodontal ligament tissue.

In vitro mineral apposition analysis of two Colombian plant extracts on Amelogenesis imperfecta teeth.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if native Colombian Piper marginatum Jacq. and Ilex guayusa Loes plant extracts have a remineralizing effect on teeth with Amelogenesis imperfecta in comparison with the commercial products Clinpro-3M and Recaldent™. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An in vitro study was carried out with 128 human teeth slices (64 healthy and 64 with Amelogenesis imperfecta) on which an initial Raman spectroscopy was performed followed by Raman spectroscopies at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h to determine possible remineralization by observing mineral increase or decrease as a result of P. marginatum Jacq. and I. guayusa Loes extract application in comparison to control substance (Clinpro and Recaldent™) application. Obtained data were analyzed using a bivariate method with a t unidirectional test. Significant differences among groups were determined by an ANOVA with Dunnett post hoc tests. RESULTS: Native I. guayusa Loes and P. marginatum Jacq. Colombian plants extracts exhibited phosphate and orthophosphate mineral apposition, where P. marginatum Jacq. presented better results. CONCLUSIONS: Native Colombian I. guayusa Loes and P. marginatum Jacq plant extract might in the future be useful for dental tissue remineralization, as they induced phosphate and orthophosphate mineral apposition, main components of tooth enamel. These types of natural compounds can become an alternative to fluorine, whose ingestion is harmful to the human body.

Clinical and Molecular Study of the NOG Gene in Families with Mandibular Micrognathism.

OBJECTIVES: Previous studies showed that noggin gene (NOG) sequence alterations, as well as epigenetic factors, could influence mandibular development. The aim of this study was to analyze clinical characteristics, NOG gene sequences, and promoter methylation sites in patients with mandibular micrognathism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 35 individuals of five Colombian families were subject to clinical and cephalometric analysis for mandibular micrognathism. One nonaffected individual of each family was included as a control. DNA was isolated from whole blood sample from all individuals by salting out method. Nine NOG gene fragments were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. Identification of CpG islands for methylation analysis at the NOG gene promoter was performed by MSP-PCR kit (Qiagen R). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: A descriptive statistical analysis was carried out evaluating the presence or absence of genetics variants and the methylation sites in the NOG gene. RESULTS: NOG sequence results of affected individuals with mandibular micrognathism for one of the families studied demonstrated that they were heterozygous for 672 C/A (new mutation). For a second family, individuals were heterozygous for 567 G/C (single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] RS116716909). For DNA analyzed from all patients studied, no methylations were observed at the NOG gene promoter region. CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that 672 C/A and 567 G/C variants could be involved in the presence of mandibular micrognathism. Moreover, lack of methylation sites at the NOG gene promoter region of all individuals studied suggests possibly other epigenetic factors could modulate mandibular growth. The search of genetic variants related with mandibular micrognathism will allow to predict in an integral way the development patterns of the patients and therefore establish a better clinical treatment.

Elaboration and Biocompatibility of an Eggshell-Derived Hydroxyapatite Material Modified with Si/PLGA for Bone Regeneration in Dentistry.

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is the most commonly used biomaterial in modern bone regeneration studies because of its chemical similarity to bone, biocompatibility with different polymers, osteoconductivity, low cost, and lack of immune response. However, to overcome the disadvantages of HAp, which include fragility and low mechanical strength, current studies typically focus on property modification through the addition of other materials. Objective. To develop and evaluate the biocompatibility of a HAp material extracted from eggshells and modified with silicon (Si) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA). Materials and Methods. An in vitro experimental study in which a HAp material prepared from eggshells was synthesized by wet chemical and conventional chemical precipitation. Subsequently, this material was reinforced with Si/PLGA using the freezing/lyophilization method, and then osteoblast cells were seeded on the experimental material (HAp/Si/PLGA). To analyse the biocompatibility of this composite material, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence confocal microscopy (FCM) techniques were used. PLGA, bovine bone/PLGA (BB/PLGA), and HAp/PLGA were used as controls. Results. A cellular viability of 96% was observed for the experimental HAp/Si/PLGA material as well as for the PLGA. The viability for the BB/PLGA material was 90%, and the viability for the HAp/PLGA was 86%. Cell adhesion was observed on the exterior surface of all materials. However, a continuous monolayer and the presence of filopodia were observed over both external and internal surface of the experimental materials. Conclusions. The HAp/Si/PLGA material is highly biocompatible with osteoblastic cells and can be considered promising for the construction of three-dimensional scaffolds for bone regeneration in dentistry.

Analysis of In Vitro Osteoblast Culture on Scaffolds for Future Bone Regeneration Purposes in Dentistry.

One of the main focuses of tissue engineering is to search for tridimensional scaffold materials, complying with nature's properties for tissue regeneration. Determining material biocompatibility is a fundamental step in considering its use. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze osteoblast cell adhesion and viability on different materials to determine which was more compatible for future bone regeneration. Tridimensional structures were fabricated with hydroxyapatite, collagen, and porous silica. The bovine bone was used as material control. Biocompatibility was determined by seeding primary osteoblasts on each tridimensional structure. Cellular morphology was assessed by SEM and viability through confocal microscopy. Osteoblast colonization was observed on all evaluated materials' surface, revealing they did not elicit osteoblast cytotoxicity. Analyses of four different materials studied with diverse compositions and characteristics showed that adhesiveness was best seen for HA and viability for collagen. In general, the results of this investigation suggest these materials can be used in combination, as scaffolds intended for bone regeneration in dental and medical fields.

Evaluación del efecto del plasma rico en plaquetas en diferentes tiempos y conce ntraciones sobre la viabilidad de fibroblastos de ligamento periodontal y osteoblastos / Evaluation of platelet-rich plasma effect at different times and concentrations on periodontal ligament fibroblast and osteoblast viability

Antecedentes: Los factores de crecimiento utilizados en salud se pueden obtener de una fuente autóloga de primera generación llamada plasma rico en plaquetas (PRP). La diversidad de protocolos para prepararlos genera resultados variables en cuanto al tiempo entre la activación del PRP y sus efectos sobre la proliferación y viabilidad celular. Objetivo: Evaluar proliferación y viabilidad celular de fibroblastos de ligamento periodontal y osteoblastos tratados con PRP en diferentes concentraciones y tiempos de aplicación. Métodos: Se cultivaron líneas celulares de fibroblastos y osteoblastos y se preparó el PRP de sangre venosa de un adulto sano mediante centrifugación, seguido de activación con CaCl2 al 10 %. El efecto sobre la proliferación de las líneas celulares tras la aplicación de PRP y plasma pobre en plaquetas al 1 %, al 3 % y al 5 % se evaluó a las 0, 12, 24, 48 y 72 horas después de su activación mediante MTS. El grupo control consistió en cultivos sin tratamiento. Los datos se analizaron mediante las pruebas de Chi cuadrado, Fischer y McNemar. Resultados: Se observó un aumento de la viabilidad en células tratadas con PRP 24 horas después de su activación en una concentración del 5%. El ensayo de viabilidad celular mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el grupo experimental y el grupo control (p = 0,05). Conclusión: Los cultivos de fibroblastos y osteoblastos mostraron una tendencia a mayor viabilidad 24 horas después de a la activación con PRP al 5 %.

Background : Growth factors used in health treatments can be obtained from a first-generation source called platelet-rich plasma. The variety of protocols to prepare PRP produces variable results regarding PRP activation time and its effects on cell proliferation and viability. Purpose: To evaluate proliferation and cell viability of periodontal ligament fibroblasts and osteoblasts stimulated with PRP in several concentrations and times after PRP activation. Methods: An in vitro study was carried out using periodontal ligament fibroblast and osteoblast cell cultures. PRP from venous blood of a healthy adult was prepared through centrifugation and activated with 10% CaCl2. The effect on cell proliferation after application of 1%, 3%, and 5% PRP and platelet-poor plasma was evaluated at 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after activation through MTS. The control group consisted of culture that did not receive any treatment. Data were analyzed using Chi square, Fisher, and McNemar tests. Results: The cell viability assay showed statistically significant differences between the experimental and the control groups. Cell viability increased in cells treated with 5% PRP 24 hours after activation (p = 0.05). Conclusions: Fibroblast and osteoblast cell lines tended to be more viable 24 hours after activation with 5% PRP.

Análisis mutacional del gen MSX1 en pacientes con FLPNS e hipodoncia / Mutation analysis of MSX1 gene in patients with NSCLP and hypodontia

Introducción. La etiología de la hendidura labio-palatina es compleja e involucra factores genéticos y ambientales. Además de la hendidura, numerosos estudios han reportado la presencia de anomalías dentales en asociación con varias formas de hendidura labial,palatina o ambas; entre estas anomalías se ha encontrado la prevalencia de agenesia dental. La idea de que los mismos factores etiológicos que causan la formación de la hendidura afectan el desarrollo de la dentición, es apoyada por varios autores que proponen al genMSX1 como candidato para estos dos fenotipos. Una mutación nonsense (Ser104stop) en el exon 1 del gen MSX1 se encontró en una familia danesa, en la que unos miembros presentaban agenesia dental o hendidura palatina y otros presentaban las dos entidadesasociadas. A pesar de que se han realizado varios estudios sobre anomalías dentales en pacientes con hendidura labio-palatina y existen estudios que confirman a MSX1 como ungen candidato tanto para hipodoncia como para hendiduras oro-faciales, la interpretación de los resultados ha sido muy compleja. Objetivo. Determinar la presencia de la mutación reportada en pacientes colombianos con hendidura labio-palatina e hipodoncia. Materiales y métodos. Se analizaron 30 pacientes, 22 con hendidura labio-palatina y 8 sólo con hipodoncia, y 60 controles sanos, mediante exámenes clínicos y radiográficos; se les tomaron muestras de sangre por venopunción, se extrajo el ADN y se realizó amplificación por la técnica de PCR del exón 1. Posteriormente, se llevó a cabo un análisis de restricción. Resultados. De los pacientes con hendidura labio-palatina, 16 presentaron agenesias dentalesfuera y dentro del área de hendidura, la mayoría fueron laterales y premolares superiores. La mayoría de los pacientes con hipodoncia únicamente, presentaron ausencias de incisivos. Además, presentaron otras anomalías dentarias, como micrognatismo, dientes supernumerarios y prognatismo mandibular...

Introduction: The etiology of non-syndromic cleft lip palate is complex and involves genetic and environmental factors. Additional to the fissure itself, numerous studies have reported the presence of dental anomalies with various forms of cleft lip, cleft palate or both. The prevalence of dental agenesis has been found within these anomalies. The idea that the same etiology factors which cause the formation of the cleft affect the dental development is supported by various authors who propose the MSX1 gene to be the candidate for these two phenotypes. A nonsense mutation in the exon 1 of the MSX1 gene was found in a Danish family in which one of the members presented dental agenesis and/or cleft palate and others presented both entities. Although various studies have been associated reported with respect to dental anomalies in patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip palate and there are studies which confirm MSX1 as a candidate gene for hypodontia and orofacial fissures, the interpretation of the results has been very complex.Objective: To determine the presence of the mutation reported in Colombian patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip palate and hypodontia. Materials and methods: 30 patients, 22 with non-syndromic cleft lip palate and 8 with only hypodontia and 60 healthy patients were clinically and radiographically analyzed. Blood samples were taken through venopunction, the DNA was extracted and the PCR technique was utilized. Afterwords, the restriction analysiswas carried out...