Inflammatory cytokines gene expression in bone tissue from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis- a preliminary study.

BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether mucosal inflammation has an effect on the bone under the mucosa in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was evaluation of inflammatory cytokines genes expression in bone tissue taken from the patients who had undergone endoscopic sinus surgery for CRS. METHODS: A total group of a consecutive 49 patients with diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis based on EPOS 2007 criteria undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for CRS were enrolled in the study. Based on histopathologic findings of the mucosal and bone tissues we evaluated the rate of inflammation. Expression of target genes: interleukin 1ß (IL1ß), interleukin 6 (IL6), interleukin 11 (IL11), tumor growth factor ß (TGF ß) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α) were analysed by real-time PCR method in samples of the ethmoid bone taken during endoscopic sinus surgery for CRS. RESULTS: Based on histopathological findings in the studied population we found symptoms of osteitis in 5 patients. In the studied population we found significant differences between patients with osteitis and without osteitis with respect to IL6 gene expression in bone tissue (p=0.0003), IL11 gene expression (p=0.02) and TNFα gene expression in bone tissue (p=0.0035). CONCLUSION: In our study we have demonstrated that in some patients with CRS and coexisting symptoms of osteitis some inflammatory markers genes expression are increased in this population.

Computer identification of neoplastic urothelial nuclei from the bladder.

OBJECTIVE: To introduce computer-based analysis of Feulgen-stained urinary bladder cell nuclei from voided urine to identify neoplastic urothelial nuclei. STUDY DESIGN: Nuclei from 23 healthy people and 33 patients with urinary bladder cancer were analyzed. The nuclei from 9 cancer patients with grade G1 (stage Ta), 17 with grade G2 (stages Ta, T1, T1a and T2) and 7 with grade G3 (stages Cis, Ta + Tis, T1 and T3b) were analyzed. Image analysis was carried out by means of a digital image processing system designed by the authors. Features describing nuclei were selected as the first step of the procedure. Then a multistage classifier was constructed to identify positive and negative cases. RESULTS: The results of this pilot study of a group of 56 patients yielded a 71% correct classification rate in the control group, while a 66% rate was obtained among the cancer patients. The sensitivity of the method was 100% and the specificity was 77%. CONCLUSION: This approach to the identification of neoplastic urothelial nuclei may be sufficiently well developed to be used successfully both in screening high-risk populations and in clinical practice.

Collecting (Bellini) duct carcinoma of the kidney--clinical, radiologic and immunohistochemical findings.

We present clinical and radiological findings in a case of collecting (Bellini) duct carcinoma (CDC). This is a rare and aggressive kidney cancer originating from the distal renal tubule. The patient underwent radical nephrectomy and the pathological report showed trabeculopapillary, partially solid adenocarcinoma infiltrating the renal capsule and sinus. Immunohistochemical, as well as mucinocarminic and PAS staining studies are necessary for diagnosis of CDC. Surprisingly, one year follow-up studies were negative for recurrent disease. Chromosomal findings are usually different from most often diagnosed clear cell renal cell cancers. Findings from the literature are briefly discussed.

[Leydigioma--rare testicular tumor diagnosed in an adult male with undescended intraabdominal testis]. / Leydigioma--rzadki nowotwór jadra rozpoznany u doroslego mezczyzny w jadrze zlokalizowanym w jamie brzusznnej.

Leydig cell tumours deriving from the gonadal stroma represent one per cent of all testicular tumours. They may occur at any age. Ten per cent of cases are malignant. There is no evidence that they are prone to develop in undescended testis. We report the rare case of leydigioma in 71 year old man with unilateral cryptorchidism. Only a few cases have been reported as arising from undescended testis.

[Irradiation of the bladder in dogs with narrow laser YAG:Nd]. / Naswietlanie pecherza moczowego u psów wiazka lasera YAG:Nd.

The authors discuss effects of YAG:Nd laser beam of 35W and exposure time between 0.4 and 0.8 second on the internal surface of bladder wall in two dogs. Such an energy destroyed bladder tissues to not more than a half of their thickness.

[Anastomosis of ureter with YAG:Nd laser in the rabbit. Experimental investigations]. / Zespolenie moczowodu promieniami lasera YAG:Nd u królika. Badania doswiadczalne.

An attempt to repair ureter with the neodium YAG laser in rabbits has been reported. Laser designed by the Institute of Opto-electronics at the Military Technical Academy in Warsaw has been used to anastomose previously cut off ureter. The result has been favourable in 60% of cases. Stenosis making the urine outflow from the kidney difficult might be contributed to technical problems.

[Effect of cw laser YAG: Nd laser beam on the wall of the urinary bladder taken from cadavers]. / Wplyw wiazki promieniowania lasera cw YAG: Nd na sciane pecherza moczowego pobranego ze zwlok.

The results of irradiation of the urinary bladder wall with cw YAG:Nd laser beam are presented. The use of irradiation times ranging from 02, and 0.8 second destroyed irradiated tissues up to a half of the muscular laser.

[Ureteral anastomosis by Nd:YAG laser light; experimental studies in dogs]. / Zespolenie moczowodu swiatlem lasera Nd:YAG; badania doswiadczalne u psów.

The results of experimental ureteral anastomoses with laser Nd:YAG are discussed. Cut ureters were anastomosed in all animals. Anastomosis consisted of the scar of the connective tissue covered with intermediate epithelium and scarring process was quicker, if modelling catheter was used.

[Irradiation of the urinary bladder in rabbits with YAG-Neodymium laser]. / Naswietlania pecherza moczowego królików wiazka lasera YAG:Nd.

The results of irradiation of the internal wall of bladder in rabbits with YAG:Ne laser developed at the Institute of Optoelectronics, Military Technical Academy in Warsaw are presented. The value of this laser in coagulation of the wall of bladder at 35W and exposure 0.2-8.0 seconds is stressed out. Results justify clinical trials with the use of this type of laser in the treatment of the urinary neoplasms in men.

[Haemorrhagic cyst of the masseter--case report]. / Torbiel krwotoczna miesnia zwacza--opis przypadku.

Tumour-like changes in the masseter may be diagnosed as haemangiomas, lymphomas, lipomas, hernia of the muscle, benign hypertrophy or inflammatory or traumatic lesions. The authors describe a case of haemorrhagic cyst of rare location in the masseter and analysed the clinical features of this lesion.

[A remark on diagnosis of osteogenic sarcoma in a rare location]. / Przyczynek do diagnostyki miesaka kosciopochodnego o rzadkiej lokalizacji.

Two cases of osteogenic sarcoma localized in the femoral neck have been presented. As it has resulted from literature, such a localization is very rare and it matches great diagnostic difficulties, mainly caused by absence of typical periarticular reactions and ambiguous X-ray pictures. Angiography and computerized tomography are helpful in diagnosis of the type of tumor. Histopathological examination is decisive.

Urine and semen cytomorphology in patients with testicular tumors.

Our original technique of preparing urinary and seminal sediment was modified in order to identify neoplastic cells in cases of testicular malignancies. In a series of 24 patients with testicular tumor-like conditions, 18 tumors were diagnosed, 12 cytologically. In one case, the result of cytological examination was falsely positive since histopathology revealed necrosis of the testicle only. The morphology of neoplastic cells in the seminal sediment is demonstrated.

[Fibrolipoma of the testis]. / Wlókniakotluszczak jadra.

This report deals with a very uncommon benign testicular tumour, fibrolipoma. Orchidectomy was followed by the removal of the lymph nodes from the region of external iliac vessels. No recurrence appeared during 6-year follow-up.

Detection of testicular neoplasms by cytological examination of seminal fluid.

The technique for detection of neoplastic cells in the seminal fluid of patients with testicular malignancies is presented. This preliminary study of 7 patients with testicular tumors and 50 controls demonstrates the possibility of using cytological examination of the sperm as the screening method for testicular tumors.