Biomimetic Supramolecular Assembly with IGF-1C Delivery Ameliorates Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) by Restoring Intestinal Barrier Integrity.

The management of dysfunctional intestinal epithelium by promoting mucosal healing and modulating the gut microbiota represents a novel therapeutic strategy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). As a convenient and well-tolerated method of drug delivery, intrarectal administration may represent a viable alternative to oral administration for the treatment of IBD. Here, a biomimetic supramolecular assembly of hyaluronic acid (HA) and ß-cyclodextrin (HA-ß-CD) for the delivery of the C domain peptide of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1C), which gradually releases IGF-1C, is developed. It is identified that the supramolecular assembly of HA-ß-CD enhances the stability and prolongs the release of IGF-1C. Furthermore, this biomimetic supramolecular assembly potently inhibits the inflammatory response, thereby restoring intestinal barrier integrity. Following HA-ß-CD-IGF-1C administration, 16S rDNA sequencing reveals a significant increase in the abundance of the probiotic Akkermansia, suggesting enhanced intestinal microbiome homeostasis. In conclusion, the findings demonstrate the promise of the HA-based mimicking peptide delivery platform as a therapeutic approach for IBD. This biomimetic supramolecular assembly effectively ameliorates intestinal barrier function and intestinal microbiome homeostasis, suggesting its potential for treating IBD.

Versatile Design of NO-Generating Proteolipid Nanovesicles for Alleviating Vascular Injury.

Vascular injury is central to the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases, however, fostering alternative strategies to alleviate vascular injury remains a persisting challenge. Given the central role of cell-derived nitric oxide (NO) in modulating the endogenous repair of vascular injury, NO-generating proteolipid nanovesicles (PLV-NO) are designed that recapitulate the cell-mimicking functions for vascular repair and replacement. Specifically, the proteolipid nanovesicles (PLV) are versatilely fabricated using membrane proteins derived from different types of cells, followed by the incorporation of NO-generating nanozymes capable of catalyzing endogenous donors to produce NO. Taking two vascular injury models, two types of PLV-NO are tailored to meet the individual requirements of targeted diseases using platelet membrane proteins and endothelial membrane proteins, respectively. The platelet-based PLV-NO (pPLV-NO) demonstrates its efficacy in targeted repair of a vascular endothelium injury model through systemic delivery. On the other hand, the endothelial cell (EC)-based PLV-NO (ePLV-NO) exhibits suppression of thrombosis when modified onto a locally transplanted small-diameter vascular graft (SDVG). The versatile design of PLV-NO may enable a promising therapeutic option for various vascular injury-evoked cardiovascular diseases.

Ligand-Controlled Regiodivergent Nickel-Catalyzed Hydroaminoalkylation of Unactivated Alkenes.

Ligand modulation of transition-metal catalysts to achieve optimal reactivity and selectivity in alkene hydrofunctionalization is a fundamental challenge in synthetic organic chemistry. Hydroaminoalkylation, an atom-economical approach for alkylating amines using alkenes, is particularly significant for amine synthesis in the pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and fine chemical industries. However, the existing methods usually require specific substrate combinations to achieve precise regio- and stereoselectivity, which limits their practical utility. Protocols allowing for regiodivergent hydroaminoalkylation from the same starting materials, controlling both regiochemical and stereochemical outcomes, are currently absent. Herein, we report a ligand-controlled, regiodivergent nickel-catalyzed hydroaminoalkylation of unactivated alkenes with N-sulfonyl amines. The reaction initiates with amine dehydrogenation and involves aza-nickelacycle intermediates. Tritert-butylphosphine promotes branched regioselectivity and syn diastereoselectivity, whereas ethyldiphenylphosphine enables linear selectivity, yielding regioisomers with inverse orientation. Systematic evaluation of diverse monodentate phosphine ligands reveals distinct regioselectivity cliffs, and % Vbur (min), a ligand steric descriptor, was established as a predictive parameter correlating ligand structure to regioselectivity. Computational investigations supported experimental findings, offering mechanistic insights into the origins of regioselectivity. Our method provides an efficient and predictable route for amine synthesis, demonstrating broad substrate scope, excellent tolerance toward various functional groups, and practical advantages. These include the use of readily available starting materials and cost-effective nickel(II) salts as precatalysts.

Optimization and methods of culture in vitro of astrocytes from cerebral cortical mice / 安徽医科大学学报

Objective @#To explore and optimize the in vitro primary culture method of astrocytes in neonatal mouse cerebral cortex , which provides a better solution for the in vitro culture of astrocytes.@*Methods @#In order to optimize the in vitro culture method of mouse cerebral cortex astrocytes , 3 ⁃day⁃old C57BL/6J mouse cerebral cortex tissues were taken , meninges and blood vessels were removed , digested by pancreatic enzymes and centrifuged , andhigh⁃glucose dulbecco ′s modified eagle medium (DMEM) was added to form cell suspension , which was purified by differential adhesion method , cross hand method and constant temperature shaking method.The cells were inoculated in poly⁃D ⁃lysine⁃coated culture bottles with different culture densities , and the purity of astrocytes was determined by morphological ob servation and immunofluorescence staining.@*Results @#The cells were inoculated at a density of 5 × 106 cells per bottle with good effect and high activity. The purity of astrocytes reached 99% by using high sugar DMEM medium combined with differential adhesion method , cross hand method and constant temperature shaking method.@*Conclusion @#The primary culture method of astrocytes in mouse cerebral cortex is successfully established and optimized.

Acute adverse events and pregnancy outcome after inactivated COVID-19 vaccination in first trimester / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To investigate acute adverse events and pregnancy outcome after vaccination of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in the first trimester of pregnancy.Methods:The retrospective-prospective cohort study was conducted among pregnant women of 11-13 +6 weeks of gestation who visited the obstetric clinics for prenatal check in Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from May to November in 2021, after registration for perinatal health cards in the community. Those who met the inclusion criteria were recruited and were divided into vaccination group and non-vaccination group according to whether they received inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in the first trimester. Women in the vaccination group were further divided into 1-dose group and 2-dose group. Information, including pregnancy-related screening, pregnancy complications, pregnancy outcome and acute adverse events, were collected and compared with independent samples t-test or ANOVA, Kruskal- Wallis H test or Mann-Whitney U test, χ2 test or Fisher's exact probability method. Results:Totally, 105 pregnant women were analyzed in 1-dose group, 90 in 2-dose group, and 194 in non-vaccination group. (1) There were no statistically significant differences in the occurrence of acute adverse events [1-dose group: 2.86% (3/105); 2-dose group: 6.67% (6/90); non-vaccination group: 4.63% (9/194); χ2=1.59; vaccination group was 4.61% (9/195), when compared with non-vaccination group, χ2=0.00], abnormal pregnancy-related screening indicators and abnormal pregnancy outcome among the three groups (all P>0.05), neither between the vaccination and non-vaccination group (all P>0.05). The acute adverse events in these women included fever, pain at the inoculation site, fatigue, local induration and rash.(2) The differences in hypertensive disorders in pregnancy among the three groups were statistically significant [1-dose group: 10.5%(11/105); 2-dose group: 17.8%(16/90); non-vaccination group: 7.7%(15/194); χ2=6.46, P=0.040], and the incidence was higher in the 2-dose group than that in the non-vaccination group (adjusted by Bonferroni, P<0.017). (3) Regarding other pregnancy complications, no difference was found among the three groups (all P>0.05), neither between the vaccination and non-vaccination group (all P>0.05). Conclusion:The risk of acute adverse events and adverse pregnancy outcome is similar in pregnant women who received inactivated COVID-19 vaccine versus those who did not in the first trimester, and regular blood pressure monitoring is recommended for those who received two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine.

Optimization of culture method of mouse primary hippocampal neurons and construction of HT22-GRK2 －/ － cells / 安徽医科大学学报

Objective@#To explore and optimize the primary culture method of neonatal mouse hippocampal neurons in vitro．To construct a G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 ( GRK2) knockout HT22 cell line．@*Methods @#Hippocampal tissue of C57BL6 /J mice on day 1－2 was taken，digested with trypsin and pipetted to form a cell suspension，and supplement was added to Neurobasal-A medium to maintain cell growth． CRSIPR / Cas9 gene editing technique was used to construct HT22-GRK2 －/ － cell line，and the knockout efficiency of GRK2 was detected by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot. @*Results @#Primary hippocampal neurons of newborn mice were put into six-well plates with 3 × 107 /well using a serum-free culture method，which could get a high purity and good activity ; HT22-GRK2 －/ － cell line was constructed successfully．@*Conclusion@#The primary culture method of mouse hippocampal neurons was successfully established and optimized，and HT22-GRK2 －/ － cell line was successfully constructed by CRSIPR / Cas9 gene editing technique.

Construction of annexin A2 plasmid and its role in the proliferation and migration of bladder cancer pumc-91 cells / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 Annexin A2 (annexin A2, Anxa2) has been reported to regulate bioactivity in various tumors cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the expression of Anxa2 protein and the proliferation and migration abilities of bladder cancer pumc-91 cells. 【Methods】 The ANXA2 sequence was amplified and inserted into the pcDNA3.1(+) vector in order to prepare the pcDNA3.1(+)-ANXA2 plasmid. PcDNA3.1 (+)-ANXA2 was transiently transfected into pumc-91 bladder cancer cells by lipofectamine 2000. Western blotting assay was performed to detect the expression of Anxa2 protein in the blank group, the control group transfected with pcDNA3.1(+), and the experimental group transfected with pcDNA3.1(+)-ANXA2 plasmid. The proliferation ability of pumc-91 cells was detected using Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK8), and the migration level of pumc-91 cells was detected by transwell assay. Differences in detection data among the groups were compared using one-way ANOVA or repeated measures ANOVA. 【Results】 The plasmid construction was successful and the sequencing was absolutely correct. Western blotting assay showed elevated Anxa2 protein expression level in the experimental group compared to the blank and control groups. CCK8 assay suggested that the number of proliferating pumc-91 cells was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the blank group (P<0.001) and the control group (P=0.001). Transwell assay also showed that the number of pumc-91 cells crossing the membrane was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the blank group (P=0.011) and the control group (P=0.027). 【Conclusion】 Our findings suggested that up-expression of Anxa2 may play a critical role in regulating proliferation and migration of bladder cancer pumc-91 cells.

Technical and Clinical Aspects of Diagnostic Single-Balloon Enteroscopy in the First Decade of Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background/Aims@#Single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE) has been widely used in diagnosing small bowel disease. We conducted this study to systematically appraise its technical and clinical performance. @*Methods@#Studies on SBE published by September 2018 were systematically searched. Technical and clinical performance data were collected and analyzed with descriptive or meta-analysis methods. @*Results@#In total, 54 articles incorporating 4,592 patients (6,036 procedures) were included. Regarding technical parameters, the pooled insertion depths (IDs) for anterograde and retrograde SBE were 209.2 cm and 98.1 cm, respectively. The pooled retrograde ID in Asian countries was significantly greater than that in Western countries (129.0 cm vs 81.1 cm, p<0.001). The pooled anterograde and retrograde procedure times were 57.6 minutes and 65.1 minutes, respectively.The total enteroscopy rate was 21.9%, with no significant difference between Asian and Western countries. Clinically, the pooled diagnostic yield of SBE was 62.3%. Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) was the most common indication (50.0%), with a diagnostic yield of 59.5%. Vascular lesions were the most common findings in Western OGIB patients (76.9%) but not in Asian ones (31.0%). The rates of severe and mild adverse events were 0.5% and 2.5%, respectively. @*Conclusions@#SBE is technically efficient and is clinically effective and safe, but total enteroscopy is relatively difficult to achieve with this technique. Etiologies of OGIB in Asian countries differ from those in Western countries.

SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein causes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)-like pathological damage and constitutes an antiviral target

Cytokine storm and multi-organ failure are the main causes of SARS-CoV-2-related death. However, the origin of the virus excessively damaging abilities remains unknown. Here we show that the SARS-CoV-2 envelope (2-E) protein alone is sufficient to cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)-like damage in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of 2-E protein induced rapid pyroptosis-like cell death in various susceptible cells and robust secretion of cytokines and chemokines in macrophages. Intravenous administration of purified 2-E protein into mice caused ARDS-like pathological damage in lung and spleen. Overexpressed 2-E protein formed cation channels in host cell membranes, eventually leading to membrane rupture. Newly identified channel inhibitors exhibited potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity and excellent protective effects against the 2-E-induced damage both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, their channel inhibition, cell protection and antiviral activities were positively correlated with each other, supporting 2-E is a promising drug target against SARS-CoV-2.

Evaluation of the effect of "Stress Ring" to reduce the error alarm rate of ECG monitor / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To reduce the occurrence of false alarm of vital signs during the use of ECG monitor by using stress ring to fix the lead wire of ECG monitor. Methods 200 patients who used ECG monitor in our department from March 2018 to February 2019 were intervened by two methods. The control group ( n=100) was connected and observed by routine method. The experimental group ( n=100) was added with lead wire to form "stress loop" on the basis of this method. Methods:The connection and fixation of ECG monitors were carried out. The differences of vital signs, heart rate/rhythm and respiratory false alarm between the two groups during ECG monitoring were compared, and the changes of nurses' workload, Hamilton anxiety score and satisfaction were compared.Results:There were significant differences in heart rate/rhythm and respiratory false alarm between the two groups ( P < 0.05). The scores of anxiety, nurses' workload and satisfaction in the experimental group were significantly improved. Conclusion:During the application of ECG monitor, the lead wire coiled into "stress ring" can effectively reduce the ECG monitor vital signs monitoring center rate/rhythm, respiratory false alarm phenomenon, reduce the workload of nurses, improve the satisfaction of nurses, and reduce anxiety of patients.

Review of the compatibility and clinical application about Cheng's Bixie-Fenqing formula / 国际中医中药杂志

In the Qing dynasty Cheng Zhongling based on the Cheng's Bixie-Fenqing formula of Yang Tan, a doctor in the Southern Song dynasty, retained the original Sichuan Bixie and Acorus tatarinowii, and add Phellodendron chinense, and Semen plantaginis to form Cheng's Bixie-Fenqing formula. It had the function of get rid of dampness and heat, and is a classic prescription for stranguria, like the treatment of white turbidity. The author retrieved the related literature of Cheng's Bixie-Fenqing formula in recent years, analyzed the composition and clinical application of Cheng's Bixie-Fenqing formula, and summarized the advantages and disadvantages of the existing researches, providing reference for the further development of Cheng's Bixie-Fenqing formula.

Value of serum uric acid and brain natriuretic peptide in the evaluation of progressive ischemic stroke / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the value of serum uric acid and brain natriuretic peptide in the evaluation of progressive ischemic stroke.Methods Totally 63cases of progressive ischemic stroke patients in our hospital from October 2016to October 2017were selected as the observation group.According to the severity of the disease, the patients were divided into mild group[National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score＜7], medium group (NIHSS score 7-15) and severe (NIHSS score＞15).Meanwhile, 60cases of nonprogressive ischemic stroke patients in the hospital from January 2014and December 2016were selected as the control group.After admission, 3 mL fasting peripheral venous blood was collected in each subject in both groups, and the serum was isolated.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the level of brain natriuretic peptide and uric acid/eroxidase coupling method was used to determine the level of serum uric acid.Results The levels of serum uric acid and brain natriuretic peptide were significantly higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05).The levels of natriuretic peptide and serum uric acid in severe group were significantly higher than those of mild group and medium group, and the levels of two indicators in medium group were significantly higher than those of mild group (P＜0.05).In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of combined detection were significantly higher than the single index detection of serum uric acid and brain natriuretic peptid (P＜0.05).Conclusion The combined detection of serum uric acid and brain natriuretic peptide have higher sensitivity and specificity.

Review of the compatibility and clinical application about Cheng's Bixie-Fenqing formula / 国际中医中药杂志

In the Qing dynasty Cheng Zhongling based on the Cheng's Bixie-Fenqing formula of Yang Tan, a doctor in the Southern Song dynasty, retained the original Sichuan Bixie and Acorus tatarinowii, and add Phellodendron chinense, and Semen plantaginis to form Cheng's Bixie-Fenqing formula. It had the function of get rid of dampness and heat, and is a classic prescription for stranguria, like the treatment of white turbidity. The author retrieved the related literature of Cheng's Bixie-Fenqing formula in recent years, analyzed the composition and clinical application of Cheng's Bixie-Fenqing formula, and summarized the advantages and disadvantages of the existing researches, providing reference for the further development of Cheng's Bixie-Fenqing formula.

Prognostic factors of esophageal cancer with multiple organ metastases and a prediction nomogram / 中国实用内科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prognostic factors of esophageal cancer with multiple organ metastases and establish a prognostic prediction model. METHODS: Patients data were extracted from the SEER database. The clinical data of 388 patients with esophageal cancer with multiple organ metastases were retrospectively analyzed. Risk factors were analyzed by log-rank method and survival curves were drawn by K-M method. Multivariate analysis was performed by Cox proportional hazard model to obtain independent prognostic factors for multi-organ metastasis of esophageal cancer. A prediction nomogram was further established.RESULTS: The mean survival time of patients in this study was 7.3 months, and the survival rates for 1-, 3-, and 5-year were 15.5%,1.2%, and 0, respectively. Age was an independent prognostic factor. The value of C-index was 0.618. CONCLUSION: The prognosis of esophageal cancer with multiple organ metastases is poor. Age at the diagnosis and patterns of multiple organ metastases are related to the survival time of patients. The prediction nomogram provided a good prognosis prediction.

Nomogram: an effective prognostic model for esophageal cancer with lung metastasis / 中国实用内科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To establish a prediction model for the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer lung metastasis.METHODS: Data from 194 patients with esophageal cancer lung metastasis from 2010 to 2015 was collected from the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology and End RESULTS:(SEER) database. The best cutoff value for age was determined by X-tile software.Prognostic factors were analyzed by SPSS(v25.0) with the log-rank method and the Cox proportional hazard model. Risk factors from univariate analysis were used to construct prediction nomogram with R studio software(version 3.5.1). RESULTS: The median survival time of 194 patients with esophageal cancer lung metastasis was 7.0 months, the 3-month survival rate was 69.9%, and the 1-year survival rate was 27.7%. Age(HR=1.51, 95% CI: 1.066-2.140) and pathological type(HR=0.736, 95% CI: 0.543-0.998) were independent prognostic factors for patients with esophageal cancer lung metastasis. The value of C-index was 0.634(95% CI=0.585-0.683). CONCLUSION: For patients with esophageal cancer lung metastasis, being young and adenocarcinoma are associated with a better prognosis. The prediction of the nomogram is good.

Establishment of a prognostic nomogram for esophageal cancer liver metastasis–a population-based analysis / 中国实用内科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prognostic factors related to liver metastasis of esophageal cancer and establish an effective prediction model. METHODS: The data of 464 cases of esophageal cancer with liver metastasis from 2010 to 2015 was collected from the National Cancer Institute SEER database by SEER stat 8.3.5 software. SPSS(v25.0) was used to analyze the prognostic factors of esophageal cancer liver metastasis and Kaplan-Meier curve was used for survival analysis. We introduced the meaningful variables of single factor analysis in Cox proportional hazard model and multivariate analysis and obtained the independent influencing factors of prognosis.Independent factors were then included in the accelerated failure time model to construct the nomogram. RESULTS: The mean survival time of patients in this study was 11.6 months(95%CI: 10.075-13.209), and their 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 29.4%, 5.5%, and 0,respectively. Age(HR=1.452, 95% CI: 1.175-1.795), marriage(HR=0.753, 95%CI: 0.611-0.927) and surgery(HR=0.428, 95% CI: 0.227-0.807) were independent prognostic factors for patients. We constructed the nomogram with risk factors of prognosis, and the C-index value was 0.614. CONCLUSION: The prognosis of esophageal cancer liver metastasis is poor. being young, Being married, and surgery are associated with better survival, and the nomogram we have constructed is proved to have good predictive ability.

Prognostic factors analysis and establishment of prediction model for 183 cases of esophageal cancer bone metastasis / 中国实用内科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To construct a model for predicting the prognosis of esophageal cancer bone metastasis. METHODS: The clinical data of 183 patients with esophageal cancer bone metastasis were analyzed retrospectively, and the prognostic factors of patients were analyzed by log-rank method and Cox proportional hazard model. Nomogram was constructed with the accelerated failure-time model.RESULTS: The average survival time(10.0 months, 95% CI:7.758-12.338) of patients aged 28-70 years was longer than that of patients aged 71-91(6.4 months, 95% CI:4.365-8.428)(χ~2=4.077, P=0.043). The prognosis of unmarried patients(average 7.0 months) was worse than that of the married(10.5 months on average)(χ~2=12.841, P<0.001). As for prognoses of different pathological types, the differences between adenocarcinoma(average 10.2 months, 95% CI:7.797-12.548), squamous cell carcinoma(average 6.4 months,95%CI:3.895-8.899) and other types(average 4.0 months, 95% CI:4.000-4.000) were statistically significant(χ~2=7.171, P=0.028).There were also significant differences between the prognoses of patients with different T stage(χ~2=8.833, P=0.032). Nomogram was constructed with the risk factors above and the C-index reached 0.675(95%CI: 0.626-0.725). CONCLUSION: The prognosis of esophageal cancer bone metastasis was poor. Marriage, T stage, histological grade and pathological types were risk factors affecting prognosis, while N stage didn't appear to show obvious effect on prognosis. The nomogram was tested to have a good predictive capacity.

Prognosis analysis of brain metastasis from esophageal cancer / 中国实用内科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prognostic factors of esophageal cancer with brain metastasis. METHODS: SEER Stat 8.3.5 was used to collect 39 cases of esophageal cancer with brain metastasis from 2010 to 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End RESULTS:(SEER) database. X-tile software was used to determine the best cut-off value of the age. Prognostic factors were analyzed with log-rank and Cox proportional hazard model by SPSS(v25.0). RESULTS: The median survival time of patients with esophageal cancer with brain metastasis was 7.0 months, the 6-month survival rate was 53.3%, and the 1-year survival rate was 16.3%. Only age(χ~2=4.045, P=0.044)was the prognostic factor, while there was insufficient evidence to show whether gender, marriage, race, primary site, histological grade,surgery, pathological type, T stage or N stage was associated with the prognosis of the patients. CONCLUSION: Brain metastasis is a rare metastatic type of esophageal cancer. Age is associated with worse prognosis, while the influences of other risk factors are not clear.Active treatment can lead to better prognosis.

Advances in research and clinical application of tumor markers in esophageal cancer / 中国实用内科杂志

Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Early symptoms of the disease are inconspicuous and the disease is often diagnosed at a later stage, leading to higher morbidity and mortality. Esophageal cancer morbidity and mortality in both genders ranks among the top 10 most common cancers. Early detection and early treatment are effective means to reduce the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer. Tumor markers play an important role in early diagnosis, treatment monitoring and prognosis evaluation of esophageal cancer. This paper reviews the clinical application of tumor markers related to esophageal cancer and the exploration and application progress of new tumor markers for esophageal cancer.

Effects of radioactive 125I-seeds on the growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of human lung adenocarcinoma cells A549 in nude mice / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of radioactive 125I seeds on the growth and apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma cells A 549 in nude mice.Methods Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were cultured in vitro and subcutaneously transplanted in BALA/c nude mice.When the tumor size reached(300 ±50)mm3,40 tumor-bearing mice were divided into 4 groups by the random number table method as 0,0.6,0.8 mCi(1 Ci＝3.7×1010Bq)groups and blank control group,with 10 in each group.The 125I seeds of 0,0.6,and 0.8 mCi were implanted into the transplanted tumors in nude mouse,respectively.The blank control group received no treatment.The weight of nude mice was measured regularly every 4 days.The mice were sacrificed on the 32 days after 125I seeds implication.The transplanted tumors were weighed and the weight gain curve for nude mice was plotted.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of the tumor tissue.Cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay,and the expressions of the P21,Caspase-9,Survivin and Livin proteins were detected by immunohistochemical assay.Results There was no nude mice dead in each group.On the day 28 and 32 after 125I seeds treatment,the body weights of nude mice of 0.6 and 0.8 mCi groups became lighter than those of the blank control group(q＝4.26,9.19,4.11,11.59,P＜0.05),the tumor weights of the 0.6 and 0.8 mCi groups were significantly decreased(q＝5.021,5.692,P＜0.05)with tumor inhibition rates of about 49％and 62％.In the 0.6 and 0.8 mCi groups,a large number of tumor cells degenerated to be necrotic cells.In addition,the apoptotic indexes were(50.00 ±2.58)％and(62.33 ± 4.51)％in the 0.6 and 0.8 mCi groups,respectively,and higher than that of blank control group(27.00 ±4.69)％.The expressions of P21 and Caspase-9 proteins in the 0.6 and 0.8 mCi groups were significantly higher than that in the blank control group(χ2＝11.380,24.310,11.380,20.376,P＜0.05).The expressions of Survivin and Livin proteins in the 0.6 and 0.8 mCi groups was significantly lower than that in the blank control group(χ2＝9.643,23.254,15.429,26.667,P＜0.05).Conclusions Radioactive 125I seeds can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and promote the apoptosis of A 549 cells probably by up-regulating the expressions of P21 and Caspase-9 but down-regulating the expressions of Survivin and Livin.