Clinical Significance of the Interleukin 24 mRNA Level in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Subgroups: An In Silico Investigation.

IL24 mRNA is known to have an apoptotic effect on cancer cells but not on noncancer cells. However, the expression level of the IL24 mRNA in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and its subgroups is rarely studied. In this study, the clinical implication of IL24 mRNA was evaluated in the common subgroups of HNSCC, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) for analysis. Substantial IL24 mRNA expression data were calculated from several databases, such as the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), ArrayExpress, Sequence Read Archive (SRA), ONCOMINE, and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. We ultimately collected a total of 41 microarrays and RNA-seq including 1,564 HNSCC and 603 noncancer tissue samples. IL24 mRNA was highly expressed in OSCC, LSCC, and NPC as shown by the separated standard mean difference (SMD), as well as HNSCC as a whole part (SMD = 1.47, 95% confdence interval (CI) = 1.24-1.70, P < 0.0001). In all subgroups, the IL24 mRNA upregulation had the ability to distinguish cancer from noncancer tissue with area under the curves (AUCs) of the summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) higher than 0.85. In conclusion, IL24 mRNA may be used as a potential marker for cancer screening, and its clinical diagnostic value needs to be further studied. It also provides a new idea for the treatment of the IL24 gene in HNSCC and its subgroups in the future.

Prognostic alternative splicing signature in cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Basing on alternative splicing events (ASEs) databases, the authors herein aim to explore potential prognostic biomarkers for cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC). mRNA expression profiles and relevant clinical data of 223 patients with CESC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Correlated genes, ASEs and percent-splice-in (PSI) were downloaded from SpliceSeq, respectively. The PSI values of survival-associated alternative splicing events (SASEs) were used to construct the basis of a prognostic index (PI). A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of genes related to SASEs was generated by STRING and analysed with Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Consequently, 41,776 ASEs were discovered in 19,724 genes, 2596 of which linked with 3669 SASEs. The PPI network of SASEs related genes revealed that TP53 and UBA52 were core genes. The low-risk group had a longer survival period than high-risk counterparts, both groups being defined according to PI constructed upon the top 20 splicing events or PI on the overall splicing events. The AUC value of ROC reached up to 0.88, demonstrating the prognostic potential of PI in CESC. These findings suggested that ASEs involve in the pathogenesis of CESC and may serve as promising prognostic biomarkers for this female malignancy.

[Research Progress on Relationship between CD58 Molecule and ALL and Lymphoma -Review].

Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 (LFA-3/CD58) is a cell-surface glycoprotein, it can bind to CD2 and activate the costimulation pathways of T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, maximizing the cytolysis of target cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and NK cells. Some studies have demonstrated that in acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) and lymphomas, lack of CD58 on the tumor cells may fail to activate the T lymphocytes and NK cells, resulting in feeble cytotoxic effect and subsequently escape from immune surveillance, making the disease become more complicated and liable to relapse. Therefore, this article aims to review the structure, biological characteristics of CD58 on the tumor cells and its relationship with ALL and lymphomas.

[Comparison of Clinical Outcomes between P190 and P210 Trans-cripts in Adult Ph Chromosome Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in the New Era of TKI].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the differences of clinical characteristics and outcome between p190 and p210 transcripts in adult Ph chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients in the new era with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment, so as to provide an insight for improving the prognostic stratification and individualized treatment of the Ph(+) ALL patients. METHODS: The clinical data of 65 patients were analysed retrospectively, these patients were diagnosed as Ph(+) ALL and treated with conventional chemotherapy plus TKI treatment with or without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from January 2005 to December 2014 in our hospital, then the differences of clinical features and prognosis were compared between the p190 (n = 41) and the p210 group (n = 24). RESULTS: The p190 group had lower platelet count than the p210 group (46.3 × 10(9)/L vs 65 × 10(9)/L) (P = 0.084); the leukemic blast cells in bone marrow at diagnosis was slightly higher in p190 group than that in p210 group (88.4% vs 76.8%) (P = 0.096); the other clinical features, such as sex, age, white blood cells, hemoglobin, leukemic blast cells in peripheral blood, and BCR-ABL/ABL expression level were not significantly different between these two groups. As to the response to treatment, the complete remission rate (CR) after induction therapy was 80% (32/40) and 87% (20/23) respectively in the p190 and p210 group, no significant difference was seen (P = 0.732). The time from induction to the first complete remission (CR1) was not significantly different either (28 days vs 29 days) (P = 0.922). The recurrence rate was 61% (20/33) in the p190 group and 43% (9/21) in the p210 group, but the difference was not significantly different (P = 0.202). However, the duration of remission in p190 group was shorter than that in p210 group, whether from the time of initial diagnosis to relapse (212 days vs 274 days) (P = 0.077) or from the time of CR1 to relapse (146 days vs 242 days) (P = 0.084). For the prognosis, the p190 group presented with a shorter 5 year-survival rate (P = 0.016) as well as event-free survival rate (P = 0.085). CONCLUSION: The p190 group tends to have lower peripheral blood platelet count and higher percentage of leukemic blasts in bone marrow at diagnosis; while the CR rate and the time from induction to CR1 are not significantly different; however, the p190 group is more likely to relapse at a relatively early stage, and the 5 year-survival rate and event-free survival rate are lower in p190 group than that in p210 group, indicating that the patients carrying p190 transcript are probably necessary to receive more intensive therapy such as HSCT as early as possible after achieving CR1, which can promisingly improve the overall prognosis of the Ph(+) ALL patients.

[Adsorption and release behavior of epirubicin hydrochloride on carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes].

In this study, the adsorption behavior of epirubicin hydrochloride (EPI) on carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes (c-SWNTs) obtained by mixture acid treatment was investigated. The results indicated that the dispersion of c-SWNTs in water was obviously improved. The absorption of EPI on c-SWNTs came to equilibrium after 240 min and could be explained by pseudo-second-order model. Moreover, there were heterogeneous distribution of active sites onto c-SWNTs surface and the Freundlich isotherm model was better fit to describe the absorption precess of EPI on c-SWNTs. The absorption capacity of EPI on c-SWNTs increased obviously with the increasing pH and decreasing temperature. Compared with multi-walled carbon nanotubes, carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes, SWNTs, c-SWNTs possessed higher absorption capacity for EPI. The controlled, targeted and sustained release of EPI from c-SWNTs-EPI could be instructive for the development of nano-carrier.