Chemical composition, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and redox properties in vitro of the essential oil from Remirea maritima Aubl. (Cyperaceae).

BACKGROUND: The present study was carried out to evaluate antioxidant, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of essential oil from R. maritima (RMO) in experimental protocols. METHODS: The essential oil from the roots and rhizomes of RMO were obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger apparatus, and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Here, we evaluated free radical scavenging activities and antioxidant potential of RMO using in vitro assays for scavenging activity against hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radicals, and nitric oxide. The total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP) and total antioxidant reactivity (TAR) indexes and in vitro lipoperoxidation were also evaluated. The ability of RMO to prevent lipid peroxidation was measured by quantifying thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). NO radical generated at physiological pH was found to be inhibited by RMO, that showed scavenging effect upon SNP-induced NO production at all concentrations. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated by acetic acid writhing reflex, Formalin-induced nociception and Carrageenan-induced edema test. RESULTS: The majors compounds identified was remirol (43.2%), cyperene (13.8%), iso-evodionol (5.8%), cyperotundone (5.7%), caryophyllene oxide (4.9%), and rotundene (4.6%). At the TRAP assay, RMO concentration of 1 mg.mL(-1) showed anti-oxidant effects and at concentration of 1 and 10 ng.mL(-1) RMO showed pro-oxidant effect. RMO at 1 mg.mL(-1) also showed significant anti-oxidant capacity in TAR measurement. Concentrations of RMO from 1 ng.mL(-1) to 100 µg.mL(-1) enhanced the AAPH-induced lipoperoxidation. RMO reduced deoxyribose oxidative damage, induced by the Fenton reaction induction system, at concentrations from 1 ng.mL(-1) to 100 µg.mL(-1). We observed that RMO caused a significant increase in rate of adrenaline auto-oxidation. On the other hand RMO did not present any scavenging effect in H2O2 formation in vitro. The results of this study revealed that RMO has both peripheral and central analgesic properties. The RMO, all doses, orally (p.o.) administered significantly inhibited (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001) the acetic acid-induced writhings and two phases of formalin-induced nociception in mice. CONCLUSION: The RMO demonstrated antioxidant and analgesic profile which may be related to the composition of the oil.

Assessment of antimicrobial activity and healing potential of mucous secretion of Achatina fulica / Evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana y la cicatrización potencial de la secreción mucosa de Achatina fulica

Achatina fulica's secretion has been recently related to antibacterial, antifungal, and cicatricial properties, and it is influenced by the kind of food offered. Therefore, this study investigated the healing potential of dressing films based on mucous secretion of Achatina fulica. Thus, surgical wounds performed in black wistar rats were dressed with films based on collagen, and on mucous secretion of A. fulica fed with Lactuca sativa; undresses worked as wounds control. After 3, 7, 14 and 21 days the animals were euthanized, and the wounds were microscopically evaluated. On the 3rd and 7th days dressing films based on mucus provided acceleration of the formation maturation of granulation tissue, better epithelization rates, and more rapid replacement of type III for type I collagen fibers. On the 14th and 21st days, these dressings induced more intense deposition and better architectural disposition of type I collagen fibers, and hastened the regeneration of cutaneous phaneros. Dressings obtained from A. fulica fed with Lactuca sativa provided the most expressive results. This study suggests that films produced with mucous secretion of A. fulica can be successfully employed as wound dressing, particularly if snails are fed with Lactuca sativa.

A la secreción mucoproteica del Achatina fulica se le han asignado propiedades antibacterianas, antifúngicas y cicatriciales que pueden estar influidas por el tipo de alimento que se ofrece a este especimen. Este estudio investigó el potencial curativo de películas basadas en la secreción mucosa de Achatina fulica alimentaba con diferentes tipos de plantas. Fueron tratadas heridas provocadas en el dorso de ratas Wistar con películas de colágeno y películas realizadas a partir de la secreción mucosa de A. fulica, alimentados con plantas de lechuga (L. sativa), utilizando como parámetro de comparación la curación del grupo de control. Después de 3, 7, 14 y 21 días los animales fueron sacrificados y las heridas fueron evaluadas microscópicamente. En los días 3 y 7, las heridas tratadas con moco mostraron mejores tasas de formación y maduración del tejido de granulación, epitelización, y más rápido recambio de colágeno tipos III y I. A los días 14 y 21, hubo una intensa deposición del colágeno tipo I y aceleración en la regeneración de la piel. Los resultados obtenidos a partir de A. fulica alimentados con plantas de lechuga (L. sativa) mostraron mejores resultados. Este estudio sugiere que las películas producidas con secreción mucosa de A. fulica pueden ser utilizadas con éxito como apósito, especialmente si los caracoles se alimentan con plantas de lechuga L. sativa.