Distinctive Craniofacial and Oral Anomalies in MN1 C-terminal Truncation Syndrome.

MN1 C-terminal truncation (MCTT) syndrome was first reported in 2020 and only 28 patients have been recorded to date. Since MCTT syndrome is a newly defined and rare syndrome with many clinical features, the present study reviewed the manifestations and management of oral and dental anomalies. Gene variants of MCTT syndrome and their positive phenotypes were summarised. The phenotypes of variants in two exons differed from each other mainly in the craniomaxillofacial region, including brain MRI abnormalities and palatal morphology. Pathogenic mechanisms, especially in craniofacial and oral anomalies, were discussed. Appropriate treatments in the stomatology and respiratory departments could improve the symptoms of MCTT syndrome. The different sites of MN1 gene variants may influence the clinical symptoms and there may be racial differences in MCTT syndrome. We recommend oral and pulmonary evaluations for the multidisciplinary treatment of MCTT syndrome.

Identification of Hypoxia-Related Molecular Classification and Associated Gene Signature in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

The high heterogeneity of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the main obstacle for individualized treatment. Recognizing the characteristics of different subtypes and investigating the promising strategies for each subclass are of great significance in precise treatment. In this study, we systematically evaluated hypoxia-mediated patterns together with immune characteristics of 309 OSCC patients in the TCGA training set and 97 patients in the GSE41613 testing set. We further identified two different hypoxia subtypes with distinct immune microenvironment traits and provided treatment programs for the two subclasses. In order to assess hypoxia level individually, we finally constructed a hypoxia-related risk score, which could predict the clinical outcome and immunotherapy response of OSCC patients. In summary, the recognition of different hypoxia patterns and the establishment of hypoxia-related risk score might enhance our understanding of the tumor microenvironment of OSCC and provide more personalized treatment strategies in the future.

Mining TCGA database for prognostic genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma microenvironment.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of tumor microenvironment-related genes on the prognosis of HNSCC and to obtain tumor microenvironment-related genes that can predict poor prognosis in HNSCC patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ESTIMATE algorithm was applied to the HNSCC transcriptomic data downloaded from the TCGA (The cancer genome atlas), and then the samples were divided into two groups: high and low immune scoring groups, and high and low basal scoring groups to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with poor patient outcomes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was performed to explore the potential functions of DEGs, and then to explore the potential prognostic value of individual DEGs. The results of survival analysis between DEGs and overall survival (OS) to explore tumor microenvironment-related genes relevant to the prognosis of HNSCC patients. RESULTS: Fifty-nine tumor microenvironment-related genes were screened for association of OS with HNSCC (P < 0.05). The GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the selected DEGs may mediate immune response, extracellular matrix, and immunoglobulin binding via neutrophil activation in HNSCC. Six of these DEGs, GIMAP6, SELL, TIFAB, KCNA3, P2RY8 and CCR4 were most significantly associated with OS (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: We identified six tumor microenvironment-related genes that were significantly associated with poor prognosis in HNSCC. These genes may inspire researchers to discover new targets and approaches for HNSCC treatment.