Comparing Bacterial Leakage of Three Intraorifice Barrier Sealing Materials against Enterococcus faecalis and Proteus vulgaris.

AIM: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the intraorifice sealing ability of light-cured glass-ionomer cement (LC-GIC), Tetric N-Flow, and ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) against Enterococcus faecalis and Proteus vulgaris. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Crowns of the eighty human mandibular teeth were decapitated. Working length determination was performed, after which cleaning and shaping were carried out. A uniform orifice diameter of 1.3 mm, at its widest point, was made. Once instrumentation was completed, the canals were irrigated and then obturated. A heat carrier was used to remove gutta-percha to the depth of 3.5 mm. Samples were then divided into a control group (Group 1) with no barrier, and three groups, namely, Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4, were restored with the LC-GIC, Tetric N-Flow, and ProRoot MTA, respectively. The groups were further subdivided into Subgroup A for checking bacterial leakage against E. faecalis and Subgroup B, against P. vulgaris. All samples were subjected to the bacterial leakage test and observed daily for the appearance of turbidity after which statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: Group 1 showed leakage in, as early as, 3 days. The longest time for the turbidity to appear was shown by Group 4 with an average of 31 days. The mean number of days for turbidity to appear in Group 2 and Group 3 was 23 and 24 days, respectively. Group 4 showed the best intraorifice sealing ability with a significant difference. CONCLUSION: The teeth with an intraorifice coronal seal had better protection against microbial leakage. Among all materials used, the ProRoot MTA showed the best intraorifice sealing ability. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Use of the ProRoot MTA promises long-term results in the endodontically treated teeth as compared with other materials.

Evaluation of push-out bond strength of BioRoot RCS and AH Plus after using different irrigants: An in vitro study.

AIM: The aim of this study was to compare push-out bond strength of root canal spaces filled with AH-Plus and BioRoot RCS after using different irrigants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty single-rooted teeth were decoronated and endodontically treated by crown-down technique using ProTaper Universal rotary files progressively till F4 (40/0.06). Samples were divided into two groups according to the sealer (n = 40): Group A = BioRoot RCS, Group B = AH Plus, further subdivided into four subgroups according to irrigation protocol (n = 10): Group 1A, 1B - 0.9% saline, Group 2A, 2B - 5.25% NaOCl + 17% EDTA, Group 3A, 3B- 17% EDTA +2% chlorhexidine, and Group 4A, 4B - 17% EDTA + 3% green tea extract. Samples were obturated with sealers and prepared for push-out test with root slices of 2 mm thickness using universal testing machine. Data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni's post hoc analysis, and independent Student's t-test. RESULTS: BioRoot RCS exhibited significantly higher push-out bond strength (n < 0.001). The interaction between irrigants and sealer showed higher bond strength for BioRoot RCS when 17% EDTA+ green tea was used. CONCLUSION: Within the limitation of the study, it was concluded that bond strength of a sealer was influenced by the irrigants used.

Gutta-percha in endodontics - A comprehensive review of material science.

The complete and three-dimensional fluid tight seal of the root canal system is the final component of the endodontic triad. The long-standing and closest material which has fulfilled this criterion is gutta-percha (GP). Several materials have been tried and tested as an endodontic filling material, of which GP has been most extensively used for years and has established itself as a gold standard. In addition, it has proved itself successful with different techniques of obturation while maintaining its basic requisites. This article deals briefly with the history and evolution of GP, source, chemical composition, manufacturing, disinfection, cross-reactivity, and advancements in the material.

Rehabilitation of complicated crown-root fracture by fragment reattachment and intraradicular splinting: case reports.

This paper describes the rehabilitation of two traumatised teeth in two patients namely; A maxillary left central incisor with a relatively rare combination of multiple fractures- uncomplicated crown fracture, complicated crown-root fracture along with an oblique fracture in middle third of the root and A traumatised mandibular central incisor with a horizontal fracture in cervical third of the root and complete separation of the fragments. In both cases, initially the fractured crown fragments were extracted which was followed by pulpectomy and placement of fiber posts luted with resin cement. The fractured fragments were then reattached to the respective teeth using resin cement. In the first case, the fractured incisal edge of the fragment was built up with a hybrid composite. Teeth were splinted with fibre splint (Ribbond) in both the cases. The patient was recalled regularly for follow ups for six months in first case. The patient presented with normal clinical and radiographic findings at each visit. In the second case, follow ups were carried out for 3 weeks and being continued and both the cases are still under observation by regular recalls. How to cite this article: Ruchi Arora, B Shivakumar, H Murali Rao, R Vijay. Rehabilitation of Complicated Crown-Root Fracture by Fragment Reattachment and Intraradicular Splinting: Case Reports. J Int Oral Health 2013; 5(5):129-38.