Fruit Extract, Rich in Polyphenols and Flavonoids, Modifies the Expression of DNMT and HDAC Genes Involved in Epigenetic Processes.

Recently, the field of epigenetics has been intensively studied in relation to nutrition. In our study, the gene expression patterns of histone deacetylases (HDACs), which regulate the stability of histone proteins, and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), which regulate DNA methylation, were determined in mice. The animals were fed a human-equivalent dose of the aqueous extract of fruit seeds and peels, which is rich in flavonoids and polyphenols, for 28 days and then exposed to the carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). The concentrations of trans-resveratrol and trans-piceid were determined in the consumed extract by HPLC and were 1.74 mg/L (SD 0.13 mg/L) and 2.37 mg/L (SD 0.32 mg/L), respectively, which corresponds to the consumption of 0.2-1 L of red wine, the main dietary source of resveratrol, in humans daily. Subsequently, 24 h after DMBA exposure, the expression patterns of the HDAC and DNMT genes in the liver and kidneys were determined by qRT-PCR. The DMBA-induced expression of the tested genes HDAC1, HDAC2, DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B was reduced in most cases by the extract. It has already been shown that inhibition of the DNMT and HDAC genes may delay cancer development and tumour progression. We hypothesise that the extract studied may exert chemopreventive effects.

[Analysis of the utilization of one-day surgery in Hungary]. / Az egynapos sebészeti ellátás igénybevételi mutatóinak elemzése Magyarországon.

Introduction: The impact of one-day surgery has been increasing since the past few decades. This type of health service could fulfil many requirements of health policy, health care services, governments as well as patients. Aim: The aim of the research was to assess the publicly financed case numbers and interventions of one-day surgery in Hungary between 2010 and 2015 from different aspects. Method: A retrospective and quantitative research was made, based on data of the National Health Insurance Fund of Hungary. The database contained all publicly financed one-day surgery cases (both theoretical and performed cases), intervention codes (WHO) as well as the related medical field. Then the database also contained all relevant information related to the patients (age, sex, residency according to the county) and the type of the provider health care institutions. Results: Our results showed an increasing tendency according to the case numbers of one-day surgery from 130 995 (2010) to 251 328 (2015). The mean age of patients also increased in the analyzed period; in 2010: 47.4 years, in 2015: 54.5 years. In 2010, 42% of the theoretically defined one-day surgery cases were practically performed as one-day surgery cases which increased significantly to 65% in 2015. Gynecology, ophthalmology, general surgery and urology have had a significant impact in one-day surgery in Hungary. Conclusion: The analyzed data showed a significant increase of accounted cases, and we could identify the remarkable impact of gynecology and ophthalmology in one-day surgery in Hungary. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(17): 670-678.

[Analysis of telemetry, on-line and non-telemetry data for characterization of the physical activity of patients with heart failure]. / Telemetriás és online nontelemetriás adatok elemzése szívelégtelen betegek fizikai aktivitásának jellemzésére.

INTRODUCTION: Several studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of heart disease can be accounted for between 0.4 and 2% in developed countries. AIM: The present study aimed to use the PA% of the telemetry data to estimate the 6-minute walk test result. METHOD: A total of seventeen patients with heart disease; 3 females and 14 males; age: 57.35 yrs ± 9.54; body mass 98.71 ± 9.89 kg; average BMI 36.69 ± 3.67 were recruited into the study. Using the two sets of values describing physical performance, linear regression was calculated providing a mathematical equation, thus, the Physical Activity % value is used to estimate the distance traveled over a 6-minute walk test. RESULTS: On further data analysis, we have come to the conclusion that the distance walked during the six-minute-long test may be measured by PA% from the data of CRT device. CONCLUSIONS: With our method, based on the values received from the physical activity sensor implanted into the resynchronisation devices, changes in patients' health status could be monitored telemetrically with the assistance from the implanted electronic device. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(35): 1390-1395.

[Effects of dietary monosodium-glutamate on gene expression]. / A nátrium-glutamát génexpresszióra gyakorolt hatásainak vizsgálata.

INTRODUCTION: Nowadays, the food industry more often uses different type of additives during the food production. AIM: Our aim was to examine the monosodium-glutamate's effect (in animal experiment) on DNA-methyltransferases in gene expression patterns of mRNA levels. MATERIALS AND METHOD: In the investigation we used 24 (n=24) CD1 type female mice. The animals were fed with different equivalent human doses of the tested substance. After autopsy, mRNA was isolated from different tissues (lung, liver, kidney, spleen). DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B levels were determined by Quantitative Real-Time PCR. RESULTS: DNMT1 significantly suppressed the gene expression in all the three treated groups (p<0.05). The DNMT3A expression patterns showed significant decreasing tendency in the 1. and 2. treated groups of the lung tissue (p<0,05) and 1, 2, 3. groups of liver and kidney tissues (p<0,05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results shows that the monosodium glutamate, suppressed the DNMT1 and DNMT3A gene expression - on mRNA levels of several organs - in mice. It can be a similar chemopreventive effect to epigallo-catechin-gallate's, curcumin's, genistein's, likopine's and rezveratrol's effects. In this case it can be possible that the MSG has anticarcinogenic effects. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(10), 380-385.

[Examination of work-related stress and coping strategies among ambulance- and air-ambulance workers]. / Munkahelyi stressz és megküzdési stratégiák vizsgálata földi és légi mentésben dolgozók körében.

INTRODUCTION: Among Hungary's health sector workers the presence of a high level of stress is known, which can affect the individual. AIM: The aim of the authors was to uncover major risk factors causing work-related stress, as well as its extent, and positive and negative coping strategies among ground and aerial rescue workers. METHOD: From June until October 2015, a national survey was conducted among Hungarian rescue workers. An own questionnaire and Rahe Stress and coping validated short questionnaire online form were used. A total of 141 persons took part in the survey. RESULTS: As compared to air-ambulance workers, ground rescue workers were exposed to higher work-related stress effects (p<0.01), resulting in a much larger variety of physical and psychological symptoms (p<0.05). Based on Global Stress and Coping Index effective coping mechanisms were observed among air rescue workers (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: It is important to perform regular professional theoretical and practical training. Human resource management should pay attention on occupational stress reduction. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(45), 1802-1808.

[Plant-based diets: a review]. / A növényi alapú étrendrol.

Plant-based diet is an old-new trend in nutrition. In this review based on a historical context, we wish to introduce this popular nutritional trend. Our aim is to present plant-based diet as a primary measure for prevention. We intend to critically analyse some past stereotypes related to plant-based diet - whose main components include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds - according to the literature (e.g. protein, vitamin B12, folic acid, and iron intake) by doing so we wish to create an adequate conceptual basis for its interpretation. We discuss positive physiological effects of plant-based diet and its possible role in diseases risk reduction. Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases developing due to obesity could be prevented by a properly compiled plant-based diet. For patients with cancer minimizing the intake of foods of animal origin - as opposed to plant-based ones - has proved to have positive effects. Our review suggests this diet can be used in a number of diseases and it also provides long-term sustainable solutions for the health care challenges of the newest era. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(47), 1859-1865.

[Motivations for foreign employment and carrier change among Hungarian physiotherapists]. / Külföldi munkavállalás és pályaelhagyási indítékok a magyar gyógytornászok körében.

INTRODUCTION: An increasing motivation can be experienced among professional workers within the Hungarian healthcare system towards foreign employment or career change. AIM: The aim of the authors was to assess Hungarian physiotherapists' migration and career changing behaviour and to understand the underlying factors. METHOD: A national survey in Hungary from April to August, 2014 was performed. Only physiotherapists who practice in Hungary were included (n = 215). RESULTS: The results suggest that age (p<0.05) and the rate of financial appreciation experienced in the workplace (p<0.01) significantly affect the appearance of migratory thoughts. Those physiotherapists who do not feel themselves financially appreciated, are 55 times more likely to search for employment outside the country's borders [OR = 55.28 CI (95%) = 18.85 to 161.12]. The most common causes for that are unfavourable financial (p<0.01) and moral recognition (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In order to prevent our already highly-qualified colleagues from leaving the country or from considering to leave the profession we should concentrate on increasing the financial and moral appreciation of the profession within the Hungarian healthcare system.