RESUMEN
The development of salinity affects 7% of the world's land surface, acting as a major constraint to crop productivity. This study attempted to use the co-evolving endophytes of peanut to alleviate salinity stress and enhance the yield of peanut. Diverse and different tissue colonizing endophytes were isolated from peanut and screened in vitro by seed germination bioassay imposing gradients of salinity, with two cultivars TG37A (susceptible) and GG2 (moderately resistant), in potted conditions using saline irrigation water. Finally, nine endophytes capable of producing IAA and ACC-deaminase, promoting root growth and yield in potted conditions were selected for further evaluation in field conditions. They were evaluated with saline water (1.5-2.0 dS/m) in saline soil with susceptible cultivar TG37A. Simultaneously, three endophytes (Bacillus firmus J22N; Bacillus tequilensis SEN15N; and Bacillus sp. REN51N) were evaluated with two cultivars, GG2 and TG37A, during rainy and post-rainy seasons with elevated salinity. The application of endophytes like Bacillus firmus J22N and Bacillus sp. REN51N enhanced the pod and haulm yield of peanuts by 14-19% across cultivars, salinity, and seasons. In addition, there was significant modulation in parameters like relative water content; production of enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), lipid peroxidase (POD), and H2O2 content in leaf; and uptake of potassium. The activities of the enzymes involved in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased with salinity, and further increased with endophytes like Bacillus firmus J22N, Bacillus tequilensis SEN15N, and Bacillus sp. REN51N. There was an enhanced accumulation of proline, reduced level of phenol and H2O2, and enhanced uptake of potassium with the inoculation of endophytes. This improved scavenging capacity of plants by endophytic modulation of ROS scavengers, uptake of K, production of ACC deaminase and IAA, root and biomass growth, modulation in relative water content, and enhanced accumulation of osmoprotectant might be the reasons of alleviation of salinity stress. Endophytes could have alleviated salinity stress in peanuts, indicating the mechanisms and potential of peanuts at the field level. These endophytes could be applied to bring agricultural sustainability to salinity-affected areas in the future. Furthermore, few genera viz. Kocuria, Brevundimonas, Agrococcus, Dietzia, and Kytococcus were observed in peanut tissue for the first time.
RESUMEN
Haloarchaea are predominant in the salt crystallizers of the Rann of Kutch when the concentration of salts approaches saturation levels. The obligate and extreme halophilic archaeon 3A1-DGR, isolated from a salt crystallizer pond of the Little Rann of Kutch, India, needs minimum of 10 % NaCl in the growth medium. To understand the mechanism(s) of osmotolerance and adaptation at extreme osmolarity, and to mine relevant gene(s), the genome of this haloarchaeon, 3A1-DGR, was sequenced. We report here, the 2.88 Mb draft genome sequence of the haloarchaeon 3A1-DGR, with G+C content of 68 % and the possible involvement of 43 genes in stress tolerance. Further studies of the genome of this haloarchaeon would be required to identify gene(s) that might be responsible for imparting extreme osmotolerance.
RESUMEN
We report the 3.98-Mbp first draft genome sequence of Sediminibacillus halophilus strain NSP9.3, a moderate halophile isolated from a seasonal salt marsh of the Great Rann of Kutch, India. Exploring the genome of this organism will facilitate the understanding of the mechanism(s) of osmotolerance and survival in differential osmolarity.
RESUMEN
The 4.37-Mbp draft genome of a moderately halophilic Bacillus megaterium strain, MSP20.1, isolated from a saltern of the Little Rann of Kutch, India, is reported here. To understand the mechanism(s) of moderate halophilism and to isolate the gene(s) involved in osmotolerance and adaptation, the genome of MSP20.1 was sequenced.
RESUMEN
Here, we report the 4.0-Mbp draft genome of an obligate halophile, Bacillus sp. strain NSP22.2, isolated from a seasonal salt marsh of the Great Rann of Kutch, India. To understand the mechanism(s) of obligate halophilism and to isolate the relevant gene(s), the genome of Bacillus sp. NSP22.2 was sequenced.
RESUMEN
We report the 3.93-Mbp first draft genome sequence of a species of the genus Thalassobacillus, Thalassobacillus devorans strain MSP14, a moderate but obligate halophile, isolated from a salt crystallizer of the Little Rann of Kutch, India. Exploring the genome of this organism will facilitate understanding the mechanism(s) of its obligate halophilism.
RESUMEN
The 5.52-Mbp draft genome sequence of Bacillus sp. strain NSP2.1, a nonhalophilic bacterium isolated from the salt marsh of the Great Rann of Kutch, India, is reported here. An analysis of the genome of this organism will facilitate the understanding of its survival in the salt marsh.
RESUMEN
Here we report the draft whole-genome sequence (3.72 Mbp) of Bacillus sp. strain SB49, an extremely halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt crystallizer pond of the Little Rann of Kutch in India. Unraveling the genome of this organism will facilitate understanding and isolation of the genes involved in imparting extreme osmotolerance.
RESUMEN
Here, we report the 4.46-Mbp draft genome sequence of Bacillus sp. strain SB47, an extreme halophile isolated from a salt pan of the Little Rann of Kutch, India. Exploring the genome of this organism will facilitate the understanding and isolation of the gene(s) involved in its extreme osmotolerance.
RESUMEN
We report the 4.52-Mbp draft genome sequence of Bacillus sp. strain NSP9.1, a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from the salt marsh of the Great Rann of Kutch, India. Analysis of the genome of this organism will lead to a better understanding of the genes and metabolic pathways involved in imparting osmotolerance.
RESUMEN
We report the 7.42-Mbp draft whole genome sequence of Salinibacillus aidingensis strain MSP4, an obligate halophilic bacterium, isolated from a salt crystallizer of the Rann of Kutch in India. Analysis of the genome of this organism will lead to a better understanding of the genes and metabolic pathways involved in imparting osmotolerance.