Perceptions of Bedside Nurses Caring for Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVAD): A Qualitative Study.

Introduction: Bedside nurses in the intensive care units are exposed to multiple challenges in their regular practice and recently have taken in ventricular assist device care in Lebanon since its introduction as a fairly new practice. Objectives: To explore the experiences of nursing staff who work in Lebanese hospitals with Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVAD). Methods: This study employed a qualitative phenomenological research design, where semi-structured interviews were carried out among fifteen LVAD nurses in an acute care hospital. Results: The qualitative data analysis produced six main themes. The first theme prevalent was "LVAD incompetence and shortage" and it reflected the deficit in properly structured training and the number of specialized LVAD nurses. The second theme that resulted from the analysis was titled, "Patient and family knowledge", which indicated the misconceptions that families and patients usually hold about LVAD which usually sugarcoats the situation. This was followed by "Burden of complications", "LVAD patient selection", "Perception of the LVAD team as invulnerable", and "High workload and patient frailty" which reflected the perspectives of LVAD nurses. Conclusion: This study shows that the Lebanese LVAD nurses who participated in this study perceived inadequate competence, yet lacked proper training and induction. The nurses reported multiple challenges relating to care tasks, workload, and patient and family interactions which need to be addressed by coordinators.

Self-Medication and its Associated Factors among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Self-medication is a global concern among professionals and non-professionals, with a rapid increase in prevalence. The study aims to assess the prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors among university students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in three universities, and a total of 817 college students participated in this study. Results: About 75.40% of the participants reported using medications without a professional prescription. The category of analgesics was the most commonly used in self-medication (82.80%), while the most common symptom was a headache (81.50%). Almost 74.10% percent of participants who have practiced self-medication stated that the reason was the "lack of time to consult a physician." Most participants who have used self-medication (90.30%) stated that the source of knowledge was "previous prescription." Conclusions: Health education programs concerning self-mediation should be held in university settings to improve attitudes and practices toward self-mediation.

Prevalence of Cyberbullying Perpetration and Cyberbullying Victimization among Nursing Students in Jordan.

Introduction: Cyberbullying is a form of bullying or harassment carried out online with the intent to harm others mainly using social media sites. Objective: To investigate cyberbullying prevalence and associated factors among nursing students in Jordan. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted. A convenience sample of 428 Jordanian nursing students from three private Jordanian universities was involved in the study. Data were collected in 2022 using the sociodemographic characteristics sheet, cyberbullying perpetration (CBP) scale; and cyberbullying victimization (CBV) scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify variables associated with the CBP and CBV scores. Results: About 30.1% of the students were not involved in any cyberbullying, while 8.6% were categorized as cyberbullying perpetrators only, 20.4% as victims only, and 40.9% were categorized as cyberbullying perpetrators and victims at the same time. Visual /sexual perpetration and verbal/written victimization were the most prevalent forms of cyberbullying among the studied nursing students. Increasing age was associated with a decreased CBP (P < 0.05) and CBV (P < 0.01), while male gender was associated with increased cyberbullying perpetration (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The prevalence of cyberbullying among nursing students in the current study was alarming. The study showed that age was negatively associated with CBP and CBV while being male was associated with increased CBP. Future research may want to consider using a longitudinal research design with more testing variables and a more comprehensive examination of potential causes and impacts of cyberbullying in nursing students. The development of specific policies to combat cyberbullying among Jordanian nursing students is also recommended.

Barriers to Pain Management as Perceived by Cancer and Noncancer Patients With Chronic Disease.

BACKGROUND: Pain is the most common symptom experienced by both cancer and non-cancer patients. A wide variety of barriers may hinder the optimal treatment of cancer and noncancer pain that are related to the health care system, health care providers, and patients. PURPOSE: To explore the barriers to pain management as perceived by patients with cancer and noncancer chronic diseases. METHOD: A descriptive, cross-sectional correlational design was employed to recruit a sample of 200 patients (n = 100 patients with cancer, n= 100 patients with noncancer) from two hospitals in Jordan. Patients filled out an Arabic version of Barriers Questionnaire II (ABQ-II). RESULTS: Harmful effects of medications were the greatest barrier to effective pain management, while fatalism had the lowest mean scores. Age was negatively correlated with physiological effects (r = -0.287, p < .01), communication (r = -0.263, p < .01), harmful effects (r = -0.284, p < .01), and the overall barrier score (r = -0.326, p < .01) among noncancer patients with chronic disease and (p > .05) for patients with cancer. Patients with cancer had higher mean scores (M = 2.12, SD = 0.78) in the fatalism subscale than those with noncancer chronic disease (M = 1.91, SD = 0.68), while patients with noncancer chronic disease had significantly higher mean scores (M = 2.78, SD = 0.78) in the communication subscale than patients with cancer (M = 2.49, SD = 0.65), (t = -2.899, p = .005). CONCLUSION: To improve the quality of care for patients who are in pain, it is recommended to address pain management barriers as they arise.

The Relationship Between Patients' Overall ICU Experiences, Psychological Distress, and Sleep Quality Among Jordanian Burn Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives This study aimed to assess patients' experiences, psychological distress, and sleep quality among Jordanian burn patients. Method A cross-sectional, correlational design was used. A sample of 150 patients admitted to the burn-specific intensive care unit completed the study. Demographical data, Intensive Care Experience Questionnaire, and sleep ICU questionnaire were used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis. Results Participants were found to have poor sleep quality and severe psychological distress. Sleep quality was negatively associated with awareness of ICU experience (r = -.190, P = .020) and psychological distress (r = -.190, P = .020) and positively associated with the recall of experience in ICU. Female participants had significantly greater ICU experience frightening and recall. Participants who experienced burn complications had significantly higher psychological distress. Discussion There is a need to offer an encouraging environment to burn patients to improve the psychological health and sleep quality in critical care units.

The Lived Experience of Family Support Among Women During and After Childbirth in Jordan: A Phenomenological Study.

Introduction: Many studies highlight the importance of family support in enhancing the experience of childbirth among women. Objective: This qualitative study aimed to describe the lived experience of family support from the perspective of women during and after childbirth in the Jordanian context. Methods: A qualitative descriptive phenomenological approach was used to explore the experiences of women's family support in the context of their childbirth experiences. A total of 11 Jordanian women participated in the study. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data. Results: Four major themes emerged from the data describing family support provided to women during and after childbirth. These themes were family support during childbirth, family support in the postpartum period, importance of family support during and after childbirth, and challenges related to receiving family support. Supportive family members primarily included the husband, the woman's family, and the family-in-law, according to the traditions inherited in the Jordanian context and culture. Conclusion: The study findings could help maternal health professionals screen pregnant women who are at risk of receiving low family support, contribute to developing effective interventions regarding family-centered care, and enhance the overall childbirth experience for women in Jordanian cultural contexts.

Experiences, barriers and expectations regarding current patient monitoring systems among ICU nurses in a University Hospital in Lebanon: a qualitative study.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to assess the experiences, barriers, and expectations regarding current patient monitoring systems among intensive care unit nurses at one university hospital. Methods: A qualitative exploratory study approach was adopted to test the research questions. Results: Intensive care unit personnel placed a high value on practical criteria such as user friendliness and visualization while assessing the present monitoring system. Poor alarm handling was recognized as possible patient safety hazards. The necessity of high accessibility was highlighted once again for a prospective system; wireless, noninvasive, and interoperability of monitoring devices were requested; and smart phones for distant patient monitoring and alert management improvement were required. Conclusion: Core comments from ICU personnel are included in this qualitative research on patient monitoring. All national healthcare involved parties must focus more on user-derived insights to ensure a speedy and effective introduction of digital health technologies in the ICU. The findings from the alarm control or mobile device studies might be utilized to train ICU personnel to use new technology, minimize alarm fatigue, increase medical device accessibility, and develop interoperability standards in critical care practice.

Assessment of Cognitive Impairment and Related Factors Among Elderly People in Jordan.

Background: With an increase in elderly people, it is essential to address the issue of cognitive impairment and support healthy aging. This study aimed to assess cognitive impairment and factors associated with it among older adults. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in different catchment areas within the Jerash governorate in the north of Jordan. The Elderly Cognitive Assessment Questionnaire (ECAQ) and a household face-to-face interview were used to collect data from 220 older adult participants aged 60 years and more. Descriptive statistics were conducted to describe the study variables. Correlation tests were applied to find associations between them. Logistic regression analysis was applied, with a minimum significance level (p < 0.05). Results: About 9.10% of the older adults had cognitive impairment. Cognitive impairment was correlated with age, self-perceived health, hypertension, stroke, and mental illness. The primary predictors of cognitive impairment were age [odds ratio (OR) =1.07 (1.01-1.14), p = 0.001] and stroke [OR = 10.92 (1.44-82.85), p = 0.001]. Conclusions: While many factors were correlated with cognitive impairment, the strongest predictors of cognitive impairment were age and stroke.

The Effect of Benson's Relaxation Technique on Fatigue and Quality of Life of Patients Diagnosed With Heart Failure.

Patients with heart failure (HF) reported poor quality of life (QOL) due to different reasons among which fatigue is the most important. Improving QOL is a crucial objective for patients with HF and their primary health care providers. Managing fatigue with medication is not enough. Benson's relaxation technique (BRT) is a complementary therapy used to manage fatigue among different populations with limited studies checking its effect among patients diagnosed with HF. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to check the effect of BRT on fatigue and QOL among 140 (68 intervention and 72 control) patients diagnosed with HF. Intervention group performed BRT for 20 minutes twice a day for 2 months. Control group received regular care from their health care providers. At baseline, there were no differences between intervention and control groups regarding fatigue, physical component summary, and mental component summary. At follow-up, intervention group had higher scores in physical and mental component summaries than control group (45.48 ± 10.52 vs 37.97 ± 14.78) and (46.22 ± 8.39 vs 41.01 ± 10.36), respectively. Also, intervention group had lower levels of fatigue than control group (2.54 ± 0.87 vs 6.33 ± 0.61). In conclusion, the use of BRT as a complementary therapy for patients with HF might decrease fatigue level and improve QOL.

Nurses' and Midwives' Awareness of the Recommended Breastfeeding Practices During the Pandemic of COVID-19 and the Associated Factors in Jordan.

Introduction: The COVID-19-related restrictions imposed to reduce viral transmission have highlighted the need to support the importance of maternal breastfeeding. Clear guidelines for consistent practices across settings have been drawn up on the basis of the best available data. Emerging recommendations call to increase nurses' and midwives' awareness of these guidelines. Objective: This study aimed to explore nurses' and midwives' awareness of the recommended breastfeeding practices and associated factors in Jordan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An online descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted. This study was conducted in clinical settings representing Jordan's North, Middle, and Southern regions. One hundred seventy nurses and midwives were selected through a convenient sampling technique. Results: The mean total score of the awareness was 7.78 (SD = 1.60); 62.9% of participants were highly aware of the recommended breastfeeding practices. Nurses and midwives who were aware of the recommended breastfeeding practices during the pandemic of COVID-19 (90.7%) were more likely to perceive COVID-19 preventive measures as effective than those who were not aware of breastfeeding practices (74.6%) (χ2 = 7.886, p = .005), while work experience in years (χ2 = 8.966, p < .01) was significantly associated with awareness of the breastfeeding recommended practices. Conclusion: Most Jordanain nurses and midwives were highly aware of the recommended breastfeeding practices during COVID-19 pandemic. This awareness was positively associated with working experience and perceiving that the preventive measures of COVID-19 are effective. Educational programs for nurses and midwives about breastfeeding practice recommendations are necessary to help mothers obtain appropriate care and education.

Mindfulness, Social Support, and Psychological Distress Among Jordanian Burn Patients.

Burn is associated with psychological distress, anxiety, and depression. Social support and mindfulness are considered a strength source for postburn survivors to resume their daily living activities. There is a lack of literature that supported the direct impact of mindfulness on social support and psychological distress among burn survivors. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of mindfulness and social support in enhancing the psychological well-being of burn survivors in Jordan. A cross-sectional descriptive design and convenience sampling technique were utilized to meet the study goal. A self-reported questionnaire was completed by a sample of 212 burn survivors. The questionnaire consists of 3 tools to measure psychological distress, social support, and mindfulness. A significant correlation was found between social support and psychological distress among the Jordanian burn survivors. Mindfulness revealed a distinctive variance in psychological distress among the study participants. In addition, some sociodemographic and clinical data have a relationship with psychological distress. Several factors among burn survivors have influenced their psychological and social support status. Also, mindfulness is important for enhancing psychological well-being and affecting the social support among burn patients.

Prevalence and Triggering Factors of Headache among Jordanian Adolescents in Al-Mafraq Region.

Aims: This study evaluates the epidemiology of headache and migraine among adolescents aged 12 to 15. Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted to collect and analyze data from students in grades 7-10 over the course of one month, using a simple random sampling method. The overall number of participants in this study was 692, with an average age of 13.9 years (SD = 1.3). Descriptive measures and Fisher's exact test were computed. Multivariate regression was calculated to assess the predictors of headache and migraine. Findings. Approximately one-half of the students reported having headaches: tension-type headaches (10.3%), migraines (4.8%), and other headache types (31.5%). Moreover, girl students in the age group of 14-15 reported more headaches and migraines. Conclusion: The prevalence of headache and migraine in Jordan is high and increasing as students grow older. Health education programs led by school nurses and other healthcare practitioners are urgently needed.

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Awareness among Women with a History of Preeclampsia in Jordan.

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific hypertensive disease that affects 3-5% of pregnant women all over the world and 1.3% of pregnancies among Jordanian women. Objectives: This study aims to assess the cardiovascular disease risk factors awareness among women with a recent history of preeclampsia in Jordan and assess the role of healthcare providers in providing counseling about cardiovascular disease risk factors. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to recruit 180 women with a recent history of preeclampsia during the last 12 months. Data were obtained from patients' medical records and the Attitude and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease Risk Questionnaires. Results: The results revealed that 43.9% of women with a recent history of preeclampsia have hypertension, 6.7% have diabetes mellitus, 16.1% have dyslipidemia, 28.9% have a family history of cardiovascular disease, 66.1% are overweight or obese, and 7.2% are smokers. The mean total score of knowledge subscale was 5.5 (SD = 1.21) out of 8. Only 20% of the participants had good cardiovascular disease knowledge. The mean total score of risk perception was 15.47 (SD = 7.8). The mean score of perceived benefits and intention to change behaviors was 2.30 (SD = 0.62). The mean score of healthy eating intentions was 2.54 (SD = 0.81). Income, having diabetes mellitus, and receiving counseling about preeclampsia as cardiovascular disease risk factor were associated with some dimensions of cardiovascular disease risk factors awareness. Conclusion: The prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors was relatively high among the study participants. The majority of participants had inadequate cardiovascular disease knowledge. In addition, the role of healthcare providers in providing counseling about cardiovascular disease and related risk factors, including PE was limited. Providing more counseling related to cardiovascular disease by nurses and doctors is essential to enhance women's cardiovascular disease knowledge and intention to change lifestyle.

Association Between Authentic Leadership in Nurse Managers and Performance and Intention to Leave Among Registered Nurses.

BACKGROUND: Authentic leadership in nurse managers has been identified as a strong predictor of multiple nurse outcomes. However, its association with staff performance and nurses' intention to leave has yet to be established. PURPOSE: This study was designed to identify the predictive effect of sociodemographic variables on nurse performance and intention to leave and to examine the relationship between authentic leadership in nurse managers and, respectively, nurse performance and intention to leave. METHODS: A comparative and correlational design and a cross-sectional survey approach were used. A convenience sample of 166 registered nurses working in a government hospital in Jordan was recruited. Data collection was performed online using the sociodemographics questionnaire, the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire, the Turnover Intention Scale, and the Six Dimensions of Nurse's Performance Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, and multiple hierarchical linear regression. RESULTS: The overall mean score was 2.08 (SD = 0.87) for the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire, 3.57 (SD = 1.76) for the Turnover Intention Scale, and 3.00 (SD = 0.51) for the Staff Performance Scale. Mean nursing performance differed significantly based on marital status, whereas intention to leave differed significantly based on marital status and the respondent's perception of their first-line manager. A statistically significant, positive correlation between authentic leadership and staff performance and a statistically significant, negative correlation between authentic leadership and intention to leave were found. In addition, authentic leadership was uniquely associated with staff performance (B = 0.19, p < .05) and intention to leave (B = -0.39, p < .05) in the hierarchical regression analysis after controlling for sociodemographic variables. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Authentic leadership from nurse managers is associated with improved nurse performance and lower nurse intention to leave. Nurse managers may enhance authentic leadership attributes to better retain nurses in hospitals and improve nurse job performance.

Application and Use of Andersen's Behavioral Model as Theoretical Framework: A Systematic Literature Review from 2012-2021.

Background: Anderson's model provides a theoretical structure to understand use of health service. This scoping review aimed to examine the application of Andersen's behavioral model in different studies. Methods: Related studies that were published between 2012 and 2021 were retrieved by searching PubMed, Science Direct, and CINAHL databases. Fourteen studies satisfied the criteria for inclusion. Results: The reviewed studies specified that the Andersen's Model has been used in numerous parts of the health system and concerning different illnesses. The reviewed studies revealed differences in the factors examined. Most of the studies examined age, education, gender, marital status, and employment status as predisposing factors, and income, medical insurance, and living location as enabling factors. While, the chronic illnesses and perceived general health status were examined as need factors, in addition to an extensive diversity of health conditions and illnesses. Though the associations were established among the key factors tested in the reviewed studies and health care service use, the findings were inconsistent. In the reviewed studies, the setting and the study population characteristics looked to have a strong influence on the direction and strength of these associations. Conclusion: Merely a slight number of common factors were examined and there were enormous differences in the methods by which these factors were classified. Future and primary studies are necessary to deepen our understanding of the use of health care services and the complexity of the Andersen's behavioral model.

Consequences of Psychological Aspects: From Jordanian Heart Failure Patients' Beliefs.

Introduction: Psychological aspects are common in patients with heart failure (HF). Psychological aspects have negative consequences in patients with HF. Objective: This study was conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the consequences of psychological aspects in Jordanian patients with HF. Methods: This study is a qualitative study conducted with the participation of 24 patients with HF. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Results: The main theme of the findings can be expressed as "Consequences of psychological aspects of HF." The following four sub-themes emerged from the data: social isolation, disturbance of feelings, being non-compliant, and growing burden on the health care system. Conclusion: The findings revealed the need for informing healthcare providers about the negative consequences of psychological aspects and develop clinical guidelines to evaluate psychological aspects to support these patients.

Knowledge and Compliance With Standard Precautions Among Nurses.

Introduction: The spread of microorganisms is caused by direct or indirect contact, respiratory droplets, and airborne transmission. Knowledge and compliance with standard precautions are crucial in preventing infection in the hospital. Objectives: To assess the level of knowledge and compliance with standard precautions among registered nurses who work in military hospitals and the factors affecting compliance with standard precautions. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Four hundred and eight registered nurses at three Jordanian Royal Medical Services hospitals completed an online self-report questionnaire using a convenience sampling technique. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25 was used to analyze the data. Results: The level of knowledge of standard precautions among nurses was excellent, with an overall mean score of 15.59 ± 2.22 out of 20; around half (54%) of them had an excellent level. Nurses' compliance with standard precautions was intermediate, with an overall mean score of 59.65 ± 14.57 out of 80. Forty-seven percent of nurses had a high degree of compliance. Compliance with standard precautions was correlated positively with age, working experience in years, total knowledge score, training in standard precautions, and availability of personal protective equipment, and negatively with exposure to sharp injuries. Conclusion: Nurses play a key role in preventing and managing hospital infections through their responsibility for a large proportion of patient treatment and care. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve nurses' perceptions of the basic elements of standard precautions. Even so, results showed that compliance with standard precautions was intermediate. This highlights the need to take the necessary measures to raise the level of compliance. Even so, results showed that compliance with standard precautions was intermediate. This highlights the need to take the necessary measures to raise the level of compliance.

Authentic Leadership and Its Role in Registered Nurses' Mental Health and Experiences of Workplace Bullying.

Introduction: Bullying is a widespread problem in healthcare organizations, resulting in nurses' poor mental health. Effective leadership, such as authentic leadership, may help to overcome this problem. Objective: To examine the relationship between authentic leadership, workplace bullying, and nurses' mental health, controlling for demographic characteristics. Methods: A descriptive correlational design was utilized with a sample of 170 nurses. Nurses were recruited from four private hospitals in Jordan and completed a survey about their perception of managers' authentic leadership, their experience of workplace bullying, and their mental health. Results: About 48.8%, 25.9%, and 25.3% were categorized as "not bullied," "occasionally bullied," and "severely bullied," respectively. Participant nurses had mild depression (m = 12.11) and moderate anxiety (m = 10.92). Workplace bullying was higher among nurses who earn less than 600 Jordanian dinars and nurses working in the smallest hospital, with 130 beds. Authentic leadership explains 6% of the variance of workplace bullying, 3% of anxiety, 7% of stress, and 7% of depression above and beyond the variance explained by other variables. Conclusions: Healthcare organizations are facing a challenge in providing a healthy work environment. Employing authentic leadership in the workplace could be one of the factors that could help in addressing this issue.

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among women planning for pregnancy, pregnant or breastfeeding mothers in Jordan: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Women planning to become pregnant, who are pregnant, and who are breastfeeding are more hesitant to take COVID-19 vaccines compared to other women globally. AIM: This study investigates COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among women, who are planning for pregnancy, currently pregnant, and breastfeeding women in Jordan. METHODS: An online cross-sectional study was conducted in the biggest three cities in Jordan, including 874 women. RESULTS: Women who were planning for pregnancy, pregnant, or breastfeeding reported statistically significant lower levels of perception of the seriousness of COVID-19 (7.12 ± 0.72, 7.53 ± 1.80, 7.2439 ± 7296, respectively), significant lower levels of perceived benefits of the vaccine (8.92 ± 2.15, 8.73 ± 1.93, 9.09 ± 2.10, respectively), significant lower levels of motivation and causes of action (7.15 ± 1.71, 6.7524 ± 1.40, 7.27 ± 1.68, respectively), and significantly higher levels of COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy (31.32 ± 6.40, 30.11 ± 4.49, 30.27 ± 6.29, respectively) than other women. Married women, those whoe were previously infected with COVID-19, and those who had chronic diseases reported statistically significant lower levels of perception of COVID-19 seriousness, perceived benefits of COVID-19 vaccine, motivation to take COVID-19 vaccine, and causes of action, and significantly higher levels of hesitancy to take COVID-19 vaccine than unmarried women, those who have not been infected with COVID-19, and those who were medically healthy (p<0.001). There were statistically significant positive correlations between perception, perceived benefits, motivation, and cause of action with years of education; and statistically significant negative correlations between perception, perceived benefits, motivation, and cause of action with age (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Women who were planning for pregnancy, pregnant, or breastfeeding in Jordan showed miderate scores in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy despite the current international recommendations for its safety for women and their foetuses or neonates.

Psychological Reactions of Lebanese Nurses to Workplace Violence in Critical Care Units.

Introduction: Workplace violence (WPV) is a growing concern that constitutes a major threat to occupational health and safety, thereby comprising a priority issue for policymakers. Given the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases and comorbidities among the Lebanese population, nurses working in critical care settings encounter intense workloads and high-risk interactions, potentially increasing the risk of WPV. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the traumatic and psychological reactions of Lebanese critical nurses who have been exposed to WPV, and the risk factors for depression and anxiety. Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional descriptive correlational design; 112 critical care nurses from diverse departments took part in this study during the period of June to July 2021. Results: A positive, significant correlation between WPV exposure and self-reported anxiety was observed, p = .03 with high levels of WPV, especially among patients and their families. Although verbal abuse was found to be more prevalent among critical care nurses in Lebanon compared to physical and sexual violence, the severity of the situation and its impact on the nurses' mental health and well-being cannot be ignored. Conclusions: WPV for critical care nurses is a serious issue that needs to be considered. Policy-makers should develop the politics of regulating the nursing profession, especially for critical care nurses in Lebanon.