Within-plant Distributions and Density of Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) as Influenced by Interactions Between Plastic Mulch and Vegetable Crop Species.

Plastic mulch of different colors and ultraviolet (UV) reflectivity individually or combined with released arthropod predators is an important component of an integrated pest management strategy. In 2015 and 2016, we evaluated the density and within-plant distribution of a released predatory mite, Amblyseius swirskii Athius-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), yellow squash (Cucurbita pepo L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), Jalapeno pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) grown on different plastic mulches. The mulch treatments evaluated were: metalized top and black bottom, metalized top and white bottom, black-on-black, black-on-white, white-on-black, and bare soil with no mulch. Crop species had a significant effect on the density of A. swirskii. Eggplant and cucumber had higher numbers of A. swirskii than the other crops tested in 2015. In 2016, the density of A. swirskii was higher on eggplant than on cucumber. There was a variation in the distribution of A. swirskii in different strata of the plant canopies with the highest number in the bottom stratum of each crop, which was positively correlated with the population of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Mulch type had no effect on the density or distribution of A. swirskii in any strata of any of the crops tested. The results of this study indicate that releasing A. swirskii is compatible with the use of UV-reflective mulch. This information about host preference and within-plant distribution of A. swirskii should be of value in pest management programs for the crops studied.

Host Preference and Plastic Mulches for Managing Melon Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Field-Grown Vegetable Crops.

Melon thrips, Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is a serious pest of vegetable, ornamental, and fruit crops. As a potential component of an integrated pest management (IPM) program, different plastic mulches including white-on-black, black-on-white, black-on-black, two metalized ultraviolet (UV)-reflective mulches, and a no mulch control were evaluated for managing T. palmi on six field-grown vegetable crops (eggplant, cucumber, squash, snap bean, Jalapeno pepper, and tomato) during the Fall of 2015 and 2016. Metalized reflective mulch significantly reduced the number of T. palmi in all vegetable crops compared with the other treatments. The highest numbers of T. palmi were observed on the white-on-black mulch and control treatments. The numbers of adults and larvae were highest on eggplant followed by cucumber, snap bean, squash, and Jalapeno pepper. The lowest numbers of T. palmi were observed on tomato plants. This study indicated that growing vegetable crops on metalized mulch is an effective method of reducing T. palmi populations in vegetable crops and should be considered in IPM programs for this insect species.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis in an immigrant Saudi worker: a case report.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), an uncommon disorder in South-East Asia, including Bangladesh, often presents as granulomatous plaque on the exposed areas, with a high index of suspicion required for diagnosis. Here we report the first imported case of CL caused by Leishmania tropica in a migrant Bangladeshi worker in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The case, initially suspected as a case of cutaneous tuberculosis, arrived at specimens reception unit (SRU) of diagnostic labs of icddr,b being referred by the physician for ALS testing for tuberculosis. At his arrival in the SRU, one of the health personnel of the unit who used to work in KSA suspected him as a case of CL. The diagnosis was confirmed by smear microscopy which revealed plenty of amastigotes within macrophages. PCR was performed to confirm the species. He was treated with sodium stibogluconate at Shahid Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka.