Sleep quality and facial pain in fibromyalgia syndrome.

AIMS: This study aims to evaluate the sleep conditions in fibromyalgia syndrome and the influence of the temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and fibromyalgia association in self-reported sleep quality. METHODOLOGY: Forty female patients with fibromyalgia (FMS) were compared with 40 healthy women [control group (CG)]. Three questionnaires were used (i.e. RDC/TMD to diagnose TMD and to determine pain intensity and disability and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) to assess sleep conditions). Statistical analyses were performed using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test to ordinal variables, Student's t-test to obtain the quantitative total scores of PSQI and chronic pain classification, Spearman's rho to determine the correlation between facial pain and quality sleep, and Fisher's exact test for other variables. RESULTS: A moderate correlation between facial pain intensity and low sleep quality was found (rho = 0·56; P<0·0001); however, TMD and FMS association did not show worse sleep quality (P>0·05). Excessive daytime sleepiness was more prevalent in FMS (37·5%; P<0·0001) besides having the worst sleep quality (PSQI = 12·72) compared with CG (PSQI = 4·62). CONCLUSION: Fibromyalgia patients experience intense facial pain in addition to poor sleep and high disabilities. TMD and FMS association do not appear to worsen this condition; however, facial pain intensity was correlated with low sleep quality.

Quality of life in children with narcolepsy.

AIMS: To evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQL) and its correlates in children and adolescents with narcolepsy. METHODS: We compared the clinical characteristics of control subjects and patients with primary narcolepsy from data collected at the National Reference Centers for Narcolepsy. RESULTS: The cohort included 69 control subjects (29 boys) and 117 patients (65 boys; 59 de novo patients). Cataplexy was present in 81% and DQB1*0602 was positive in 91%. The control children were older (13.5±3.2 vs. 11.6±3.1 years, P<0.001) and less obese (1.4% vs. 60%, P<0.001). Twenty-five percent of the patients and 15.6% of the control subjects had clinically significant depressive feelings on Children's Depression Inventory (CDI≥16) (NS). Fifty-three narcoleptic and 43 control adolescents, 31 narcoleptic children and 23 control children filled out the HRQL questionnaires as well as 83 parents of patients and 60 parents of control subjects. Narcolepsy seriously impacts HRQL in terms of vitality, physical well-being, relations with friends and leisure activities, especially in adolescents. Depression was the factor that most affected HRQL in both narcoleptic and control subjects. For the control subjects and the narcoleptic patients, when the CDI score was entered into the multivariable regression model adjusted for gender and age, no other continuous independent variable could significantly increase the likelihood of the model. When the CDI score increased by 1, the mean HRQL score decreased by 1.7 for narcoleptic patients and 1.5 for control subjects. Apnea-hypopnoea index, diagnosis delay, disease duration, obesity, the presence of cataplexy or treatment had no effects on HRQL. CONCLUSIONS: Narcoleptic children and adolescents were at high risk for poor HRQL. Depressive symptoms had a major impact on HRQL. We recommend a more thorough assessment and management of psychological health in this population.

Depressive feelings in children with narcolepsy.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate depressive feelings and their correlations in children and adolescents with narcolepsy collected in national reference centers for narcolepsy. METHODS: We compared clinical and sleep characteristics of patients with and without depressive symptoms evaluated on the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). RESULTS: Our study sample included 88 children (44 boys; 44 de novo patients) with a mean age of 11.9 ± 3.1 years at diagnosis (37.5% were aged ⩽ 10 years). Obesity was found in 59% of the sample and cataplexy was present in 80.7%. The DQB1*0602 allele was positive in 93.5% of our sample. There were 25% of children who had clinically depressive feelings (CDI>16), especially girls older than the age of 10 years. Bivariate associations indicated that depressive feelings were associated with fatigue (48%), hyperactivity (31%), insomnia (16%), and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) (14-24%). In the multivariate model adjusted for gender and age, only fatigue explained the variability of the depression score. CONCLUSION: In our large cohort, high levels of depressive symptoms essentially expressed by fatigue affected 25% of children with narcolepsy. The girls older than 10 years of age were especially vulnerable. The similar prevalence of depressive feelings in treated vs never-treated patients suggests a specific need for diagnosing and managing this symptom in young patients with narcolepsy.

Facial pain associated with fibromyalgia can be marked by abnormal neuromuscular control: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) development in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is not yet fully understood, but altered neuromuscular control in FMS may play a role in triggering TMD. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to verify the association between neuromuscular control and chronic facial pain in groups of patients with FMS and TMD. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted. METHODS: This study involved an analysis of facial pain and electromyographic activity of the masticatory muscles in patients with FMS (n=27) and TMD (n=28). All participants were evaluated according to Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders and surface electromyography (SEMG). Myoelectric signal calculations were performed using the root mean square and median frequency of signals. RESULTS: The data revealed premature interruption of masticatory muscle contraction in both patient groups, but a significant correlation also was found between higher median frequency values and increased facial pain. This correlation probably was related to FMS because it was not found in patients with TMD only. Facial pain and increased SEMG activity during mandibular rest also were positively correlated. LIMITATIONS: Temporal conclusions cannot be drawn from the study. Also, the study lacked a comparison group of patients with FMS without TMD as well as a control group of individuals who were healthy. CONCLUSIONS: Altered neuromuscular control in masticatory muscles may be correlated with perceived facial pain in patients with FMS.

Impact of obesity in children with narcolepsy.

AIMS: To evaluate the impact of obesity on clinical and sleep characteristics in a population of narcoleptic children. METHODS: Data from the children diagnosed with idiopathic narcolepsy in the National Reference Centers for Narcolepsy were collected between 2008 and 2011. Clinical and electrophysiological characteristics were compared between obese (body mass index [BMI] greater than P97) and nonobese children. RESULTS: The 117 children (65 boys, 59 de novo patients) had a mean age of 11.6 ± 3.1 years on diagnosis. Cataplexy was present in 81%, DQB1*0602 in 91%. Mean BMI was 23.2 ± 5.2 kg/m(2) and BMI z-score was 2.9 ± 2.6. Obesity was found in 60% with a similar prevalence in treated versus de novo patients and in patients with and without cataplexy. Sleepiness and cataplexy started earlier in obese children. Obese narcoleptic children had lower sleep efficiency, higher apnea hypopnea index and respiratory arousals index (RAI) than nonobese children. BMI z-score was positively correlated with RAI. Obese children were more tired and missed more often school than nonobese children. CONCLUSION: Obesity affects more than 50% of narcoleptic children, mostly younger at disease onset, and has a deleterious impact on sleep quality as well as on school attendance.

Quality of life and sleep in obese adolescents / Qualidade de vida e do sono de adolescentes obesos

Obesity and sleep disorders in adolescence are strongly associated, and they impact both on the health and on quality of life (QL) in this age group. OBJECTIVE: To comparatively assess QL and sleep in obese and eutrophic adolescents, who are older than ten years of age. METHODS: Cross-sectional study including obese adolescents. This analysis was carried out between August 2009 and August 2010. The Control (eutrophic) Group comprised schoolchildren recruited from State schools in the city of Americana, in São Paulo State, Brazil. Instruments applied included a standardized questionnaire, the Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ), and the Pediatric QL Inventory (PedsQL TM 4.0). RESULTS: The obese adolescents had poorer QL on physical (p<0.001), emotional (p=0.03), and social (p=0.002) functioning domains. A difference in mean psychosocial functioning was found between the groups (p=0.009) with obese subjects having a mean score of 69.5 (±16.0) and in eutrophic individuals of 76.2 (±16.7). A greater number of sleep problems was evident in the Obese Group (p=0.03). Conclusions: The obese adolescents had an impaired QL and a higher frequency of sleep problems compared to the eutrophic subjects.

Obesidade e distúrbios do sono na adolescência estão amplamente associados, afetando a saúde e a qualidade de vida (QV) de tal grupo etário. OBJETIVO: Foi avaliar comparando a QV e o sono em adolescentes obesos e eutróficos maiores de dez anos. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado entre agosto de 2009 e agosto de 2010, com adolescentes obesos. O Grupo Controle (eutróficos) foi constituído por estudantes da rede pública de ensino da cidade de Americana, em São Paulo. Foram utilizados ficha de identificação, Questionário do Comportamento do Sono (SBQ), Questionário de QV (PedsQL TM 4.0) como instrumentos. RESULTADOS: Os adolescentes obesos apresentaram QV inferior à dos controles nos domínios físico (p<0,001), emocional (p=0,03) e social (p=0,002). Houve diferença em relação à avaliação psicossocial entre obesos e eutróficos (médias de 69,5±16,0 e 76,2±16,7, respectivamente). O grupo de adolescentes obesos apresentou maior quantidade de distúrbios do sono (p=0,03). Conclusões: Adolescentes obesos apresentaram prejuízo na QV e maior quantidade de distúrbios do sono comparados aos indivíduos eutróficos.

Quality of life and sleep in obese adolescents.

UNLABELLED: Obesity and sleep disorders in adolescence are strongly associated, and they impact both on the health and on quality of life (QL) in this age group. OBJECTIVE: To comparatively assess QL and sleep in obese and eutrophic adolescents, who are older than ten years of age. METHODS: Cross-sectional study including obese adolescents. This analysis was carried out between August 2009 and August 2010. The Control (eutrophic) Group comprised schoolchildren recruited from State schools in the city of Americana, in São Paulo State, Brazil. Instruments applied included a standardized questionnaire, the Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ), and the Pediatric QL Inventory (PedsQL TM 4.0). RESULTS: The obese adolescents had poorer QL on physical (p<0.001), emotional (p=0.03), and social (p=0.002) functioning domains. A difference in mean psychosocial functioning was found between the groups (p=0.009) with obese subjects having a mean score of 69.5 (±16.0) and in eutrophic individuals of 76.2 (±16.7). A greater number of sleep problems was evident in the Obese Group (p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The obese adolescents had an impaired QL and a higher frequency of sleep problems compared to the eutrophic subjects.

Quality of sleep and quality of life in adolescents infected with human immunodeficiency virus.

OBJECTIVES: To assess sleep characteristics of adolescents infected by HIV, and to ascertain whether psychosocial aspects are associated to the quality of sleep. METHODS: A cross-sectional study assessing 102 HIV-infected adolescents of both genders, aged between 10 and 20 years-old and 120 Controls. Data collection was performed by applying the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. RESULTS: A sleep disturbance prevalence of 77.4% was found in patients, and a 75% prevalence in controls, and there was correlation between quality of sleep and of life. HIV-infected adolescents scored higher for sleep breathing disorders and had higher prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-infected adolescents had similar quality of sleep compared to healthy adolescents. This may be explained by the steady improvements in daily living as a result of successful anti-retroviral therapy, and by the vulnerability that affects Brazilian adolescents living in major urban centers.

Quality of sleep and quality of life in adolescents infected with human immunodeficiency virus / Qualidade do sono e qualidade de vida em adolescentes infectados pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana

OBJECTIVES: To assess sleep characteristics of adolescents infected by HIV, and to ascertain whether psychosocial aspects are associated to the quality of sleep. METHODS: A cross-sectional study assessing 102 HIV-infected adolescents of both genders, aged between 10 and 20 years-old and 120 Controls. Data collection was performed by applying the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. RESULTS: A sleep disturbance prevalence of 77.4% was found in patients, and a 75% prevalence in controls, and there was correlation between quality of sleep and of life. HIV-infected adolescents scored higher for sleep breathing disorders and had higher prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-infected adolescents had similar quality of sleep compared to healthy adolescents. This may be explained by the steady improvements in daily living as a result of successful anti-retroviral therapy, and by the vulnerability that affects Brazilian adolescents living in major urban centers.

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar as características do sono de adolescentes infectados pelo HIV e estudar se os aspectos psicossociais estão associados à qualidade do sono. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, que avaliou 102 adolescentes, com idades entre 10 e 20 anos, infectados pelo HIV, e 120 controles, de ambos os gêneros. Para a coleta de dados, aplicaram-se: a Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, a Epworth Sleepiness Scale, e o Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se prevalência de distúrbios do sono em 77,4% dos pacientes e em 75% nos controles, e houve correlação entre qualidade do sono e de vida. Adolescentes HIV-positivos apresentaram maior pontuação nos distúrbios respiratórios do sono e maior prevalência de sonolência diurna excessiva. CONCLUSÕES: Adolescentes infectados pelo HIV apresentaram qualidade de sono semelhante à da população saudável. Isso provavelmente decorre pela melhora de suas condições de vida resultante do sucesso da terapia antirretroviral em pacientes HIV-positivos e pelas vulnerabilidades que afetam adolescentes brasileiros de grandes centros urbanos.

Executive attention and working memory in narcoleptic outpatients / Atenção executiva e memória de trabalho em pacientes com narcolepsia

OBJECTIVE: This pioneering study aimed to evaluate executive attention and working memory in Brazilian narcoleptic outpatients. METHODS: Narcoleptic group: 19 treated narcoleptic outpatients (13 F; 6 M) (mean age=37.58; SD = 8.93); control group: 19 subjects (15 F; 4 M) (mean age=34.42; SD=12.31). INSTRUMENTS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale - Brazilian Portuguese Version (ESS-BR), Victoria Stroop Test (VST), Trail Making Test (TMT) and Letter-Number Sequencing (LNS) of WAIS-III. RESULTS: Significant difference at Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) (p<0.001) and at working memory (p=0.009) with worse results for narcoleptic patients. Patients were slower at VST-1 (p=0.002), VST-2 (p=0.045) and at TMT-A (p=0.016), TMT-B (p=0.006) and B-A (p=0.024). CONCLUSION: Narcoleptic patients showed higher degrees of EDS, an impaired executive attention at a temporal level and lower performance in working memory when compared to normal controls.

OBJETIVO: Este estudo pioneiro teve como objetivo avaliar a atenção executiva e a memória de trabalho em pacientes brasileiros com narcolepsia. MÉTODOS: Grupo-estudo: 19 narcolépticos tratados (13 M; 6 H), com média de idade de 37,58 anos, DP=8,93; grupo-controle: 19 sujeitos (15 M; 4 H), com média de idade de 34,42 anos, DP=12,31. UTILIZARAM-SE: a Escala de Sonolência de Epworth-BR, Victoria Stroop Test (VST), Trail Making Test (TMT) e Sequência de Números e Letras (SNL) da WAIS-III. RESULTADOS: Houve diferença significativa nos graus de Sonolência Diurna Excessiva (SDE) (p<0,001) e na memória de trabalho (p=0,009), com piores resultados para o grupo-estudo. Do mesmo modo, verificaram-se tempos aumentados no grupo-estudo para execução do VST-1 (p=0,002), VST-2 (p=0,045) e TMT-A (p=0,016), e TMT-B (p=0,006) e B-A (p=0,024). CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes com narcolepsia apresentaram graus mais elevados de SDE, prejuízo na atenção executiva em nível temporal e desempenho inferior da memória de trabalho em relação aos sujeitos-controles.

Pitolisant, an inverse agonist of the histamine H3 receptor: an alternative stimulant for narcolepsy-cataplexy in teenagers with refractory sleepiness.

OBJECTIVE: Narcolepsy is a rare disabling sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy (sudden loss of muscle tone). Drugs such as pitolisant, which block histamine H3 autoreceptors, constitute a newly identified class of stimulants because they increase brain histamine and enhance wakefulness in animal and human adult narcolepsy. METHODS: We report our experience with the off-label use of pitolisant in 4 teenagers with narcolepsy/cataplexy with severe daytime sleepiness, refractory to available treatments (modafinil, methylphenidate, mazindol, sodium oxybate, and D-amphetamine). RESULTS: All teenagers developed their disease during childhood (11.3 ± 2.4 years; 50% boys) and were 17.3 ± 0.8 years old at the time of pitolisant therapy. Pitolisant treatment was increased from 10 to 30 mg (n = 1) and 40 mg (n = 3). The adapted Epworth Sleepiness Score decreased from 14.3 ± 1.1 to 9.5 ± 2.9 (P = 0.03) with pitolisant alone to 7 ± 3.4 when combined with mazindol (n = 1), methylphenidate (n = 1), or sodium oxybate plus modafinil (n = 1). Mean sleep onset latency increased from 31 ± 14 minutes to 36 ± 8 minutes (P = 0.21) on the maintenance of wakefulness test. The severity and frequency of cataplexy were slightly improved. Adverse effects were minor (insomnia, headache, hot flushes, leg pain, and hallucinations) and transitory, except for insomnia, which persisted in 2 teenagers. The benefit was maintained after a mean of 13 months. CONCLUSIONS: Pitolisant could constitute an acceptable alternative for the treatment of refractory sleepiness in teenagers with narcolepsy.

Executive attention and working memory in narcoleptic outpatients.

OBJECTIVE: This pioneering study aimed to evaluate executive attention and working memory in Brazilian narcoleptic outpatients. METHODS: Narcoleptic group: 19 treated narcoleptic outpatients (13 F; 6 M) (mean age=37.58; SD = 8.93); control group: 19 subjects (15 F; 4 M) (mean age=34.42; SD=12.31). INSTRUMENTS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale - Brazilian Portuguese Version (ESS-BR), Victoria Stroop Test (VST), Trail Making Test (TMT) and Letter-Number Sequencing (LNS) of WAIS-III. RESULTS: Significant difference at Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) (p<0.001) and at working memory (p=0.009) with worse results for narcoleptic patients. Patients were slower at VST-1 (p=0.002), VST-2 (p=0.045) and at TMT-A (p=0.016), TMT-B (p=0.006) and B-A (p=0.024). CONCLUSION: Narcoleptic patients showed higher degrees of EDS, an impaired executive attention at a temporal level and lower performance in working memory when compared to normal controls.

Temporomandibular disorders in fibromyalgia: a critical view / Disfunção temporomandibular na fibromialgia: uma visão crítica

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and fibromyalgia (FM) are musculoskeletal syndromes that appear to be associated to each other. Various studies throughout the literature relate the signs and symptoms of TMD in patients with FM. The objective of this study was to analyze the literature regarding clinical association between FM and TMD. Even though these conditions present different etiologies, the pain modulating mechanisms are similar. Many studies in this field aim to elucidate questions which are still little understood. However, it has been observed that these syndromes are characterized by a reduction in pain threshold and in the attenuation capabilities of descending pain modulating systems. Moreover, there is a certain degree of comorbidities between these two pathologies, which share many clinical characteristics. Numerous patients with FM present various signs and symptoms of TMD, while only a small quantity of individuals with TMD is diagnosed with FM. Therefore, an adequate and precise evaluation of the stomatognathic system in patients with FM, which encompasses TMD diagnosis in therapeutic intervention, is paramount.

A disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) e a fibromialgia (FM) são síndromes musculo-esqueléticas que parecerem estar associadas. Vários estudos na literatura relatam sinais e sintomas da DTM em pacientes com FM. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a literatura quanto à associação clínica entre fibromialgia e as disfunções temporomandibulares. Apesar de estes distúrbios possuírem etiologias diferentes, o mecanismo de modulação de dor é semelhante. Muitas pesquisas desenvolvidas nessa área buscam elucidar esta questão ainda pouco compreendida. Mas sugere-se que estas síndromes são caracterizadas por uma diminuição no limiar de dor e na capacidade de atenuação de sistemas descendente de modulação da dor. Além disso, há certo grau de comorbidade entre estas duas patologias, que compartilham muitas características clínicas. Muitos pacientes com FM apresentam vários sinais e sintomas de DTM, entretanto, uma pequena quantidade de indivíduos com DTM recebem um diagnóstico de FM. Portanto, é importante uma avaliação precisa e adequada do sistema estomatognático em pacientes com fibromialgia englobando o diagnóstico de disfunção temporomandibular na intervenção terapêutica

Reflexões sobre Psicopedagogia, estresse e distúrbios do sono do professor / Studies on Psychopedagogy, teacher's stress and sleep disorders

INTRODUÇÃO: A Psicopedagogia se ocupa dos fatores envolvidos na aprendizagem. Os sintomas de estresse e os distúrbios do sono também repercutem na aprendizagem, especialmente quando esses transtornos ocorrem com o professor, o responsável pelo processo de ensino. OBJETIVO: O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar o tipo de sintomas de estresse de professores da rede pública de Poços de Caldas. MÉTODO: A pesquisa, do tipo exploratório descritivo, estudou uma população de conveniência de 165 professores de Poços de Caldas, dos quais 59 por cento apresentavam estresse e 46,7 por cento eram maus dormidores, evidenciando associação entre os sintomas de estresse e o sono. Por meio do Questionário de Fatores de Estresse dos Professores (QFEP-Valle & Malvezzi), foram investigados os aspectos qualitativos do estresse dos professores. RESULTADOS: Os fatores predominantes que estressam os professores são: dupla jornada de trabalho e multiplicidade de tarefas, salário, barulho nas salas de aula e dificuldades nas relações família-escola. CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo revela a necessidade de pesquisas e atenção ao professor para prevenir consequências prejudiciais do estresse e dos distúrbios do sono.(AU)

INTRODUCTION: Psychopedagogy cares about involved factors in learning. Stress's symptoms and sleep's disorders also affects learning, especially when these disorders happens to teachers. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research is to investigate the type of teachers stress's symptoms in public net of Poços de Caldas. METHODS: This exploratory and descriptive research studied a population of 165 teachers, through the means of QFEP-Valle&Malvezzi, analyzing a descriptive exploratory, that revealed that 59 percent of the teachers were stressed and 46.7 percent of the teachers sleep badly, pointing out undeniable association between sleep and stress. RESULTS: The predominant teacher's stress factors are: double hours of working and multiplicity of tasks, salary, noisy in classroom, difficulties with the relations family-school. CONCLUSION: The conclusion of this study also disclosed the call for further developments in the investigation of teachers' care as a means for the prevention of stress and sleep disorders.(AU)

Reflexões sobre Psicopedagogia, estresse e distúrbios do sono do professor / Studies on Psychopedagogy, teacher's stress and sleep disorders

INTRODUÇÃO: A Psicopedagogia se ocupa dos fatores envolvidos na aprendizagem. Os sintomas de estresse e os distúrbios do sono também repercutem na aprendizagem, especialmente quando esses transtornos ocorrem com o professor, o responsável pelo processo de ensino. OBJETIVO: O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar o tipo de sintomas de estresse de professores da rede pública de Poços de Caldas. MÉTODO: A pesquisa, do tipo exploratório descritivo, estudou uma população de conveniência de 165 professores de Poços de Caldas, dos quais 59 por cento apresentavam estresse e 46,7 por cento eram maus dormidores, evidenciando associação entre os sintomas de estresse e o sono. Por meio do Questionário de Fatores de Estresse dos Professores (QFEP-Valle & Malvezzi), foram investigados os aspectos qualitativos do estresse dos professores. RESULTADOS: Os fatores predominantes que estressam os professores são: dupla jornada de trabalho e multiplicidade de tarefas, salário, barulho nas salas de aula e dificuldades nas relações família-escola. CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo revela a necessidade de pesquisas e atenção ao professor para prevenir consequências prejudiciais do estresse e dos distúrbios do sono.(AU)

INTRODUCTION: Psychopedagogy cares about involved factors in learning. Stress's symptoms and sleep's disorders also affects learning, especially when these disorders happens to teachers. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research is to investigate the type of teachers stress's symptoms in public net of Poços de Caldas. METHODS: This exploratory and descriptive research studied a population of 165 teachers, through the means of QFEP-Valle&Malvezzi, analyzing a descriptive exploratory, that revealed that 59 percent of the teachers were stressed and 46.7 percent of the teachers sleep badly, pointing out undeniable association between sleep and stress. RESULTS: The predominant teacher's stress factors are: double hours of working and multiplicity of tasks, salary, noisy in classroom, difficulties with the relations family-school. CONCLUSION: The conclusion of this study also disclosed the call for further developments in the investigation of teachers' care as a means for the prevention of stress and sleep disorders.(AU)

Reflexões sobre Psicopedagogia, estresse e distúrbios do sono do professor / Studies on Psychopedagogy, teacher's stress and sleep disorders

A Psicopedagogia se ocupa dos fatores envolvidos na aprendizagem. Os sintomas de estresse e os distúrbios do sono também repercutem na aprendizagem, especialmente quando esses transtornos ocorrem com o professor, o responsável pelo processo de ensino. OBJETIVO: O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar o tipo de sintomas de estresse de professores da rede pública de Poços de Caldas. MÉTODO: A pesquisa, do tipo exploratório descritivo, estudou uma população de conveniência de 165 professores de Poços de Caldas, dos quais 59 por cento apresentavam estresse e 46,7 por cento eram maus dormidores, evidenciando associação entre os sintomas de estresse e o sono. Por meio do Questionário de Fatores de Estresse dos Professores (QFEP-Valle & Malvezzi), foram investigados os aspectos qualitativos do estresse dos professores. RESULTADOS: Os fatores predominantes que estressam os professores são: dupla jornada de trabalho e multiplicidade de tarefas, salário, barulho nas salas de aula e dificuldades nas relações família-escola. CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo revela a necessidade de pesquisas e atenção ao professor para prevenir consequências prejudiciais do estresse e dos distúrbios do sono...

Psychopedagogy cares about involved factors in learning. Stress's symptoms and sleep's disorders also affects learning, especially when these disorders happens to teachers. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research is to investigate the type of teachers stress's symptoms in public net of Poços de Caldas. METHODS: This exploratory and descriptive research studied a population of 165 teachers, through the means of QFEP-Valle&Malvezzi, analyzing a descriptive exploratory, that revealed that 59 percent of the teachers were stressed and 46.7 percent of the teachers sleep badly, pointing out undeniable association between sleep and stress. RESULTS: The predominant teacher's stress factors are: double hours of working and multiplicity of tasks, salary, noisy in classroom, difficulties with the relations family-school. CONCLUSION: The conclusion of this study also disclosed the call for further developments in the investigation of teachers' care as a means for the prevention of stress and sleep disorders...

Sleep disorders in high school and pre-university students / Distúrbios do sono em estudantes do ensino médio e curso pré-vestibular

Adolescence is a period in which youngsters have to make choices such as applying for university. The selection process is competitive, and it brings distress and anxiety, risk factors for the appearance of sleep disorders. OBJECTIVE: To verify the occurrence of sleep disorders in third-year high school and pre-university students. METHOD: This cross-sectional descriptive study comprised a sample of 529 students (M=241, F=288) from three public schools, four private schools and two pre-university courses - a middle-class neighborhood in the city of São Paulo - aged between 16 and 19 years old. We used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) - a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS: The participants (52.9 percent) took about 30 minutes to fall asleep, with an average of 306.4 minutes asleep, moderate daytime sleepiness (n=243, 45.9 percent) and indisposition (n=402, 75.9 percent) to develop the activities. The scores (M and F) were similar regarding problems that affect sleep. CONCLUSION: The investigated population showed sleep disorders and poor sleep quality.

A adolescência é tida como um período em que o jovem tem que fazer escolhas; a entrada na universidade é uma delas. O processo seletivo é concorrido, trazendo à tona angústia e ansiedade, fatores de risco para o surgimento de distúrbios do sono. OBJETIVO: Verificar a ocorrência de distúrbios do sono em estudantes do terceiro ano do ensino médio e de curso pré-vestibular. MÉTODO: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, descritivo. A amostra de 529 estudantes (M=241; F=288) de três escolas públicas, quatro escolas privadas e dois cursos pré-vestibulares, de um bairro de classe média, da cidade de São Paulo, na faixa etária entre 16 e 19 anos. Utilizou-se o Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh (IQSP) - questionário padronizado. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se que os participantes (52,9 por cento) levavam cerca de 30 minutos para dormir, com a média de 306,4 minutos dormidos, apresentavam sonolência diurna moderada (n=243, 45,9 por cento) e indisposição (n=402, 75,9 por cento) para desenvolver as atividades. Os escores (M e F) são semelhantes, no que se refere aos problemas que influenciam o sono. CONCLUSÃO: Existe a ocorrência de distúrbios do sono e má qualidade do sono na população estudada.

Quality of sleep among university students: effects of nighttime computer and television use.

This descriptive, cross-sectional study was based on subjective questionnaires that assessed nighttime habits of television viewing and Internet use during weekdays and perceived sleep quality among university students. Sleep perception was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The study group comprised 710 university students aged 17-25 years. Analysis of sleep perception in relation to internet use revealed that 58.06% of subjects who accessed the internet between 19:00 and 21:00 slept poorly; 71.43% between 19:00 and 22:00; 73.33% between 19:00 and 24:00; and 52.38% between 19:00 and 03:00 (p = 0.0251). Concerning the relationship between television exposure and perceived sleep, the groups did not differ from each other (p = 0.9303). This study showed that internet use between 19:00 and 24:00 increases the risk of poor sleep among young adults, in comparison with television viewing times.

Quality of sleep among university students: effects of nighttime computer and television use / Qualidade do sono entre universitários: os efeitos da utilização do computador e televisão no período da noite

This descriptive, cross-sectional study was based on subjective questionnaires that assessed nighttime habits of television viewing and Internet use during weekdays and perceived sleep quality among university students. Sleep perception was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The study group comprised 710 university students aged 17-25 years. Analysis of sleep perception in relation to internet use revealed that 58.06 percent of subjects who accessed the internet between 19:00 and 21:00 slept poorly; 71.43 percent between 19:00 and 22:00; 73.33 percent between 19:00 and 24:00; and 52.38 percent between 19:00 and 03:00 (p=0.0251). Concerning the relationship between television exposure and perceived sleep, the groups did not differ from each other (p=0.9303). This study showed that internet use between 19:00 and 24:00 increases the risk of poor sleep among young adults, in comparison with television viewing times.

Este estudo transversal descritivo com base em questionários subjetivos avalia o hábito de assistir TV e acessar a internet durante as noites nos dias de semana e a percepção da qualidade do sono entre universitários. Para avaliar a percepção do sono foi aplicado o Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh. O grupo estudado incluiu 710 universitários entre 17-25 anos. Para as análises da percepção do sono relacionado ao hábito de acessar o computador observou-se que acessam a internet e dormem mal: 58,06 por cento entre as 19 e as 21h; 71,43 por cento entre as 19 e as 22h; 73,33 por cento entre as 19 e as 24h; 52,38 por cento entre as 19 e as 3h (p=0,0251). Em relação aos horários de assistir TV e a percepção do sono os grupos não se diferenciaram entre si (p=0,9303). O estudo demonstra que acessar a internet durante os horários das 19 às 24h aumenta as chances dos jovens dormirem mal quando comparado aos horários de assistir TV.