Specnuezhenide ameliorates ultraviolet-induced skin photoaging in mice by regulating the Sirtuin 3/8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase signal.

PURPOSE: Ultraviolet-induced skin photoaging was involved in DNA oxidative damage. Specnuezhenide, one of the secoiridoids extracted from Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Whether specnuezhenide ameliorates skin photoaging remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of specnuezhenide on skin photoaging induced by ultraviolet and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS: Mice were employed to treat with ultraviolet to induce skin photoaging, then administrated 10 and 20 mg/kg of specnuezhenide. Histological analysis, protein expression, network pharmacology, and autodock analysis were conducted. RESULTS: Specnuezhenide ameliorated ultraviolet-induced skin photoaging in mice via the increase in collagen contents, and decrease in epidermal thickness, malondialdehyde content, and ß-galactosidase expression in the skin. Specnuezhenide reduced cutaneous apoptosis and inflammation in mice with skin photoaging. In addition, network pharmacology data indicated that specnuezhenide possessed potential targets on the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Validation experiment found that specnuezhenide inhibited the expression of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3, gasdermin D-C1, and Caspase 1. Furthermore, the expression of 8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1), sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), and superoxide dismutase 2 was increased in specnuezhenide-treated mice with photoaging. CONCLUSION: Specnuezhenide protected against ultraviolet-induced skin photoaging in mice via a probable activation of SIRT3/OGG1 signal.

Long-pulsed neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser versus cryotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous warts: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Observational studies have shown promising therapeutic effects of long-pulsed neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (LP-Nd:YAG) laser on warts. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether LP-Nd:YAG laser was superior to cryotherapy for cutaneous warts. METHODS: In this study, 150 adult patients with warts were randomized equally to receive laser or cryotherapy every 3 to 4 weeks, for a maximum of 4 sessions. The primary outcomes were the cure rates at 16 weeks and 6 months; secondary outcomes included time to clearance of warts and treatment-related adverse effects. RESULTS: There was no difference in the cure rate for laser versus cryotherapy at 16 weeks (54.1% vs 46.7%, respectively) and 6 months (59.5% vs 57.3%, respectively). However, time to clearance of warts, up to 16 weeks and 6 months, tended to be shorter for laser versus cryotherapy (P = .04 and .08, respectively). Post hoc analyses showed a significantly higher cure rate for laser versus cryotherapy in 3 subgroups of human papillomavirus 2/27/57-induced recalcitrant warts but not in their counterpart subgroups. Laser had more mild adverse effects. LIMITATIONS: Single center. CONCLUSIONS: The overall therapeutic effects of LP-Nd:YAG laser were similar to cryotherapy, but laser may be more effective to relatively recalcitrant warts and may be associated with shorter time to clearance of warts.

Epidemiology and Clinical Profile of Cutaneous Warts in Chinese College Students: A Cross-Sectional and Follow-Up Study.

In this study, the hands and feet of 15,384 undergraduate and postgraduate students in 3 colleges in Beijing were examined for the presence of cutaneous warts at college-entry, and those diagnosed with warts were followed up 2-3 years later. We identified totally 215 (1.4%; 95% CI, 1.2-1.6%) students with warts. The prevalence was significantly higher in male than in female students (2.0% vs. 0.9%, P < 0.0001). Of the 215 patients, 66.9% and 62.1% had only one wart and 98.3% and 93.2% had warts <1 cm in diameter, on the hands and feet, respectively. Of the 130 patients with a follow-up visit, 78 did not receive any treatment (44 recovered within 2 years). Patients aged 21-25 compared to those aged ≤20 were more likely to be free of warts (hazard ratio = 1.76; 95% CI, 1.07-2.89), while lower father's education (hazard ratio = 0.19; 95% CI, 0.04-0.98) and poor sleep quality (hazard ratio = 0.41; 95% CI, 0.18-0.92) decreased the likelihood of resolution. The prevalence of warts is 1.4% in college students. The majority of patients have warts <1 cm and approximately 2/3 patients has one wart. Slightly over half of patients recover spontaneously within 2 years. Patients' age, sleep quality, and paternal education may affect the resolution.

Comparative efficacy of intense pulsed light for different erythema associated with rosacea.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of intense pulsed light (IPL) (540-950 nm) in treating different erythema associated with rosacea. METHODS: Thirty-two patients with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR) (n = 16) and papulopustular rosacea (PPR, n = 16) were recruited. Three treatments of IPL (540-950 nm) were administered on the face at 3-week intervals. Clinical improvement in erythema was independently assessed by two dermatologists using a quartile grading scale [0, ≤ 25% improvement (poor); 1, 26-50% improvement (fair); 2, 51-75% improvement (good); and 3, 76-100% improvement (excellent)]. Patient satisfaction was evaluated using a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS: 0, lowest; and 10, highest). RESULTS: Thirty patients were involved in this study. All patients showed improvement in erythema after three sessions of IPL (540-950 nm) treatment. Based on physician's assessment, the overall clinical improvement in PPR group was significantly higher (mean ± SD of PPR group, 2.167 ± 0.748 vs. ETR group, 1.400 ± 0.541; P = 0.003) and patient satisfaction was also higher in PPR group (mean ± SD of PPR group, 6.867 ± 1.457 vs. ETR group, 5.600 ± 1.502; P = 0.026). The proportion of patients showing > 75% clinical improvement among PPR group was also higher than that among ETR group (5/15 and 0/15, respectively; P = 0.021). Side effects were minimal and transient (erythema and/or edema) for patients. CONCLUSIONS: IPL (540-950 nm) is a safe and effective treatment for rosacea-associated erythema, especially for perilesional erythema.