Factores determinantes en la calidad de vida de pacientes con enfermedad coronaria sometidos a diferentes intervenciones terapéuticas / Determinants in quality of life of patients with coronary artery disease who underwent different therapeutic interventions

Resumen Introducción: La enfermedad coronaria es la principal causa de mortalidad en el mundo. Su tratamiento se asocia con una mejor calidad de vida, la cual puede medirse con el cuestionario de MacNew. Objetivo: Establecer los factores determinantes de calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad coronaria. Materiales y métodos: Estudio analítico de corte transversal, en el que se usó el cuestionario de MacNew para valorar la calidad de vida en tres dominios: social, emocional y físico. Se incluyeron 249 pacientes con enfermedad coronaria diagnosticada en los años 2004, 2009 o 2013. Los resultados se estratificaron por el tipo de tratamiento (médico, implantación de stent o cirugía de revascularización miocárdica). Se usó un modelo de regresión beta, como una alternativa al modelo de regresión lineal. Resultados: Los puntajes más bajos se asociaron con hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia y aumento del índice de masa corporal. En el dominio físico el puntaje disminuyó en los pacientes mayores de 60 años. El alto grado de escolaridad se asoció con mayores puntajes en todos los dominios. Conclusiones: Los pacientes con enfermedad coronaria presentaron menor calidad de vida asociada a hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia, aumento del índice de masa corporal o mayor edad y mejor calidad de vida asociada con mayor nivel de escolaridad y afiliación al sistema de salud, indiferente a la intervención terapéutica.

Abstract Introduction: Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Its treatment is associated with a better quality of life; it can be measured with the MacNew questionnaire. This study aims to establish the determin. Objective: To stablish the determinants of quality of life in coronary heart disease patients, in Cali, Colombia. Materials and methods: Analytical cross-sectional study, in which the MacNew questionnaire was applied to assess life quality in three domains: social, emotional and physical. 249 patients with coronary heart disease diagnosed in 2004, 2009 or 2013 were included. The results were stratified by type of treatment (doctor, stent implantation or myocardial revascularization surgery). Beta regression model was used, as an alternative to the linear regression model. Results: The MacNew lower scores were associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and increased body mass index. In the physical domain, the life quality score decreased in patients older than 60 years. High levels of education were associated with higher quality of life scores in all domains. Conclusions: Coronary heart disease patients presented lower quality of life associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, increased body mass index or older age and better quality of life associated with higher level of education and affiliation to the health system, regardless of the therapeutic intervention received.

A Review of Freely Available, Open-Source Software for the Automated Analysis of the Behavior of Adult Zebrafish.

The analysis of behavior in animal models is an important objective in many research fields, including neuroscience, psychology, toxicology, and neuropsychopharmacology. Animal models have been used for many years, and several behavioral paradigms, such as locomotor activity, social interactions, and cognitive behavior, have been studied in animal models to correlate the behaviors with pharmacological or environmental interventions and with molecular, biochemical, and physiological findings. We reviewed the literature looking for open-source, freely available software to analyze animal behavior and found 12 freely available programs: ToxTrack, EthoWatcher, Mouse Behavior Tracker, Mouse Move, JAABA, wrMTrck, AnimalTracker, idTracker, Ctrax, Mousetracker, VideoHacking, and Cowlog, which were developed with different programs, work on different platforms, and have particular types of inputs and outputs and analysis capabilities. We reviewed some examples of their use, tested some of them, and provided several recommendations for the future development of programs for the automated analysis of behavior in animal models. In conclusion, we show freely available software for the automated analysis of behavior in animal models such as adult zebrafish and provide information for researchers and students looking for quick, easy-to-implement, and inexpensive behavior analysis alternatives.

APOE gene and neuropsychiatric disorders and endophenotypes: A comprehensive review.

The Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is one of the main candidates in neuropsychiatric genetics, with hundreds of studies carried out in order to explore the possible role of polymorphisms in the APOE gene in a large number of neurological diseases, psychiatric disorders, and related endophenotypes. In the current article, we provide a comprehensive review of the structural and functional aspects of the APOE gene and its relationship with brain disorders. Evidence from genome-wide association studies and meta-analyses shows that the APOE gene has been significantly associated with several neurodegenerative disorders. Cellular and animal models show growing evidence of the key role of APOE in mechanisms of brain plasticity and behavior. Future analyses of the APOE gene might find a possible role in other neurological diseases and psychiatric disorders and related endophenotypes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Neurocysticercosis, meningioma, and silent corticotroph pituitary adenoma in a 61-year-old woman.

We report here the case of a 61-year-old woman who presented with hydrocephalus and cystic and solid lesions in sella turcica, suprasellar areas, and third ventricle. After ventriculoperitoneal shunt she developed cognitive changes and the cystic lesions enlarged. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated multiple cysts and a solid lesion in the sella and around the anterior clinoid process. With diagnosis of neurocysticercosis she underwent craniotomy. Pathologic examination documented two different lesions: viable and dead cysticerci with inflaming infiltration and a left anterior clinoidal meningioma. At the second surgery, six weeks later via transnasal transsphenoidal approach a silent corticotroph pituitary adenoma was removed which was studied by histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. To our knowledge, the occurrence of these three different lesions in the sellar area was not described before.

Conocimiento y aplicación del derecho internacional humanitario y la misión médica en los servicios de urgencias del oriente antioqueño / Knowledge and application of the International Human Right and the Medical Mission in the emergency services in the East Region of Antioquia

En octubre de 2002 se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo de corte con el propósito de investigar sobre el conocimiento y la aplicación del Derecho Internacional Humanitario (DIH) y la Misión Médica (MM), en los servicios de urgencias localizados en municipios del oriente del departamento de Antioquia, región que sufre desde hace varios años las consecuencias del conflicto armado colombiano y que refleja la problemática general del país. El estudio se hizo encuestando a los directores de esos servicios de urgencias para averiguar qué formación habían tenido sobre DIH y MM y qué pautas había en las instituciones que representaban para la aplicación de estas normas. Los directores encuestados manifestaron tener muy poca información acerca del DIH y la MM. Durante su formación académica de pregrado y posgrado no recibieron educación formal al respecto. Estuvieron de acuerdo en la importancia del tema, la necesidad de capacitarse y la posibilidad de aplicarlo. Por otra parte, en las instituciones de salud que cuentan con servicios de urgencias en el oriente antioqueño se carece de protocolos o manuales sobre el DIH y la MM así como de actividades de formación continua que permitan al personal sanitario actuar a la luz de estas normas; además, el conocimiento previo de estos aspectos no es requisito para laborar en las instituciones de salud que cuentan con servicios de urgencias en la región.

In october ctober 2002 a descriptive study was made to find out the grade of knowledge in the Emergency Services of the East region of Antioquia of the International Human Right, (IHR) and the Medical Mission (MM). This region has been suffering since many years the consequences of the war that show what has been happening in the entire country. A questionnaire was filled by the directors of the hospitals in this region about both items. They agree on the importance of the items but said they have little knowledge about them and they have received few instructions regarding those items. In their hospitals there are neither guides nor education programs for the personnel in this regard. To be posted in a hospital, a person needs not show proficiency in IHR or MM