RESUMEN
More than 75% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) positive (ER+), and resistance to current hormone therapies occurs in one-third of ER+ patients. Tumor resistance is still ERα-dependent, but mutations usually confer constitutive activation to the hormone receptor, rendering ERα modulator drugs such as tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors ineffective. Fulvestrant is a potent selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), which degrades the ERα receptor in drug-resistant tumors and has been approved for the treatment of hormone-receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer following antiestrogen therapy. However, fulvestrant shows poor pharmacokinetic properties in human, low solubility, weak permeation, and high metabolism, limiting its administration to inconvenient intramuscular injections. This Drug Annotation describes the identification and optimization of a new series of potent orally available SERDs, which led to the discovery of 6-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-[4-[(3S)-1-(3-fluoropropyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl]oxyphenyl]-8,9-dihydro-7H-benzo[7]annulene-2-carboxylic acid (43d), showing promising antitumor activity in breast cancer mice xenograft models and whose properties warranted clinical evaluation.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Descubrimiento de Drogas/métodos , Pirrolidinas/síntesis química , Pirrolidinas/farmacología , Receptores de Estrógenos/metabolismo , Moduladores Selectivos de los Receptores de Estrógeno/uso terapéutico , Animales , Neoplasias de la Mama/metabolismo , Cristalografía por Rayos X , Perros , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Femenino , Semivida , Ensayos Analíticos de Alto Rendimiento , Humanos , Ligandos , Ratones , Modelos Moleculares , Ratas , Receptores de Estrógenos/efectos de los fármacos , Moduladores Selectivos de los Receptores de Estrógeno/farmacocinética , Moduladores Selectivos de los Receptores de Estrógeno/farmacología , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de XenoinjertoRESUMEN
Vps34 (the human class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase) is a lipid kinase involved in vesicle trafficking and autophagy and therefore constitutes an interesting target for cancer treatment. Because of the lack of specific Vps34 kinase inhibitors, we aimed to identify such compounds to further validate the role of this lipid kinase in cancer maintenance and progression. Herein, we report the discovery of a series of tetrahydropyrimidopyrimidinone derivatives. Starting with hit compound 1a, medicinal chemistry optimization led to compound 31. This molecule displays potent activity, an exquisite selectivity for Vps34 with excellent properties. The X-ray crystal structure of compound 31 in human Vps34 illustrates how the unique molecular features of the morpholine synthon bestows selectivity against class I PI3Ks. This molecule exhibits suitable in vivo mouse PK parameters and induces a sustained inhibition of Vps34 upon acute administration. Compound 31 constitutes an optimized Vps34 inhibitor that could be used to investigate human cancer biology.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Compuestos Bicíclicos Heterocíclicos con Puentes/farmacología , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas Clase III/antagonistas & inhibidores , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Pirimidinonas/farmacología , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/metabolismo , Área Bajo la Curva , Compuestos Bicíclicos Heterocíclicos con Puentes/química , Compuestos Bicíclicos Heterocíclicos con Puentes/farmacocinética , Células CACO-2 , Línea Celular Tumoral , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas Clase III/química , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas Clase III/metabolismo , Cristalografía por Rayos X , Descubrimiento de Drogas , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacocinética , Células HeLa , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones SCID , Modelos Químicos , Modelos Moleculares , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Estructura Molecular , Neoplasias/patología , Unión Proteica , Estructura Terciaria de Proteína , Pirimidinonas/química , Pirimidinonas/farmacocinética , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Termodinámica , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de XenoinjertoRESUMEN
In our continuous efforts to identify and develop novel targeted cancer treatments, a new morpholino-thiazole scaffold active against PI3Kß has been identified. This Letter reports the optimization of this compound class to develop PI3Kß isoform-selective inhibitors with suitable pharmacological properties.
Asunto(s)
Amidas/química , Ácidos Carboxílicos/química , Indoles/química , Inhibidores de las Quinasa Fosfoinosítidos-3 , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/química , Amidas/síntesis química , Animales , Sitios de Unión , Células CACO-2 , Ácidos Carboxílicos/síntesis química , Ácidos Carboxílicos/farmacología , Humanos , Masculino , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Permeabilidad/efectos de los fármacos , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/metabolismo , Isoformas de Proteínas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Isoformas de Proteínas/metabolismo , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/síntesis química , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/farmacología , Estructura Terciaria de Proteína , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Tiazoles/químicaRESUMEN
Compelling molecular biology publications have reported the implication of phosphoinositide kinase PI3Kß in PTEN-deficient cell line growth and proliferation. These findings supported a scientific rationale for the development of PI3Kß-specific inhibitors for the treatment of PTEN-deficient cancers. This paper describes the discovery of 2-[2-(2,3-dihydro-indol-1-yl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-6-morpholin-4-yl-3H-pyrimidin-4-one (7) and the optimization of this new series of active and selective pyrimidone indoline amide PI3Kß inhibitors. 2-[2-(2-Methyl-2,3-dihydro-indol-1-yl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-6-morpholin-4-yl-3H-pyrimidin-4-one (28), identified following a carefully designed methyl scan, displayed improved physicochemical and in vitro pharmacokinetic properties. Structural biology efforts enabled the acquisition of the first X-ray cocrystal structure of p110ß with the selective inhibitor compound 28 bound to the ATP site. The nonplanar binding mode described herein is consistent with observed structure-activity relationship for the series. Compound 28 demonstrated significant in vivo activity in a UACC-62 xenograft model in mice, warranting further preclinical investigation. Following successful development, compound 28 entered phase I/Ib clinical trial in patients with advanced cancer.