Representation in Figures Depicting Penile Pathology in Urologic Textbooks.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether penile pathologies are presented diversely in urologic textbooks and identify areas where more diverse presentation is warranted. METHODS: Photographic depictions of penile pathologies in 9 urologic textbooks were assigned a Fitzpatrick skin phototype and constitutive skin color. Fitzpatrick skin phototypes ranged from I to VI, and constitutive skin colors were light, fair, medium, and dark. Fitzpatrick skin phototypes I-III were deemed nonskin of color, and IV-VI considered skin of color. Figures were classified based on pathology presented: infectious benign or sexually transmitted infection (STI), noninfectious benign, or malignant. Chi-square and odds ratios were used to compare skin color ranges across pathologic categories and determine where a figure depicting skin color would most likely be encountered. RESULTS: Within 116 figures meeting inclusion criteria, 15 (51.7%) infectious/STI pathologies displayed skin of color, while 10 (27.8%) noninfectious benign and 7 (13.7%) malignant pathologies displayed skin of color. Within 85 diagnostic images, 15 (51.7%) images of infections/STIs, 10 (28.6%) noninfectious benign, and 4 (19.0%) malignant pathologies presented skin of color (P < 0.01). Overall, images of patients with skin of color were more likely depictions of infections/STIs than any other pathology (P < .001, OR = 2.26). CONCLUSION: There is a lack of depictions of malignant and noninfectious benign penile pathology on the skin of color. This may contribute to continued disparities in the diagnosis and treatment of penile pathologies.