Persistent Sciatic Artery with Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND: Persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is a congenital malformation due to incomplete involution during the embryonic period. Its etiology is unknown, with an estimated incidence of 0.02 - 0.04% in the whole population and a mean age of 60-65 years. Its presentation can be bilateral. It is asymptomatic in most cases and is usually detected accidentally; however, some symptoms may appear, such as claudication, sciatic neuralgia, and pain in the affected limb. It can also manifest as an aneurysmal dilatation or thrombosis that can generate distal embolism with ischemia. CASE REPORT: In this case study, a patient in her 90s with a suspected peripheral arterial disease, which required an angiotomography of the lower limb, showing a superficial femoral artery running to the middle and distal third of the thigh and a vascular structure running in the sciatic neurovascular bundle corresponding to a persistent sciatic artery presenting atherosclerotic changes and extensive occlusion, was presented. The patient's treatment was clinical with dual antiplatelet therapy and prophylactic anticoagulation. This was due to comorbidities and age. Moreover, the PSA occlusion was not critical and did not significantly impact the patient's quality of life. CONCLUSION: Most patients with this anatomical variant are asymptomatic all their lives, but some of them may present symptoms with serious consequences. It is important to suspect it by clinical presentation and perform diagnostic confirmation by angiotomography. Treatment has yielded excellent results with endovascular techniques. Certain patients only require conservative treatment with anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents.

Embolización venosa transcatéter de várices gástricas con coils / Transcatheter venous coil embolization of gastric varices

Resumen Los espirales de embolización (coils o microcoils) son los agentes más comúnmente usados, con un éxito técnico reportado en aproximadamente el 81-100 % de los casos. Los espirales o coils se encuentran disponibles en una amplia variedad de configuraciones y tamaños, lo que permite acomodarse a vasos de distintos calibres; además, por su buena radiopacidad, tienen la ventaja de ser liberados con precisión. Los espirales o coils son el análogo de una ligadura arterial quirúrgica, debido a que producen una oclusión mecánica por su posicionamiento en el lumen vascular, lo que disminuye el flujo sanguíneo, y sus fibras sintéticas tienen un efecto trombogénico adicional. Caso: presentamos cuatro casos del Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de pacientes con várices gástricas tratadas satisfactoriamente con embolización transcatéter con coils, los cuales tuvieron un buen resultado técnico; además presentamos una revisión de la literatura.

Abstract Coils and microcoils, the most commonly used embolization agents, have reported technical success rates ranging from 81% to 100% of cases. The spirals or coils are available in a wide variety of configurations and sizes which fit into vessels of different calibers. They have good radiopacity allowing for accurate release. Coils are the analogue of a surgical arterial ligation, because they produce mechanical occlusion due to their positioning in the vascular lumen. This decreases blood flow while their synthetic fibers have an additional thrombogenic effect. Case: We present four cases of coil embolization treatment of gastric varicose veins at our institution. All procedures were successful and had good technical results. We also present a review of the literature.

Malignant Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Humerus: A Case Report of an Extremely Rare Primary Bone Tumor.

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a spindle-shaped cell neoplasm originally described in the pleura, but subsequently found in many anatomic sites. Only few cases of primary SFTs in the bone have been previously described in the literature. We present the case of an 86-year-old man with a 1-week history of pain in his left arm. Imaging studies demonstrated a well-defined osteolytic lesion in the proximal humerus measuring 6.1 cm in diameter. Sections showed a round to spindle-shaped cell neoplasm with prominent mitotic activity (28 mitoses per 10 high-power fields) and areas of necrosis, focally surrounding staghorn-shaped vessels. The tumor cells were positive for CD34, CD99, Bcl-2, and STAT6 and negative for smooth muscle actin, epithelial membrane antigen, and cytokeratin AE1/AE3. These findings were consistent with a malignant SFT involving the left humerus. Although extremely rare, SFT should be considered in the differential diagnosis of primary bone tumors. This is the first case report of a primary SFT in a long bone with malignant histological features.

[Rib cage ostheosynthesis. Literature review and case reports]. / Osteosintesis de reja costal. Revisión de la bibliografía y reporte de casos.

BACKGROUND: Fractures of the chest wall include sternum and rib fractures. Traditionally they are managed conservatively due to the anatomy of the rib cage that allows most of them to remain stable and to form a callus that unites the fractured segments. In spite of this management, some patients present with chronic pain or instability of the wall which makes them require some type of fixation. The present article performs a literature review based on 4 cases. CLINICAL CASES: The first case was a 61 year-old man with blunt chest trauma, with a great deformity of the chest wall associated with subcutaneous emphysema, and pneumothorax. The second case was a 51 year-old man with blunt chest trauma, initially managed at another institution, who despite treatment, had persistent pain and dyspnoea. The third case was a 30 year-old man that suffered a motor vehicle accident, with resulting pain and crepitation of the rib cage and with diagnostic images showing multiple rib fractures. The last case is a 62 year-old man that fell down the stairs, with blunt chest trauma with high intensity pain, dyspnoea and basal ipsilateral hypoventilation. CONCLUSION: Rib fracture fixation offers a good alternative in selected patients to decrease associated morbidity, leading to a patient's fast return to his or her working life.

Tratamiento de las lesiones meniscales de acuerdo con la categorización morfológica: concordancia entre resonancia magnética y artroscopia / Treatment of meniscal lesions according to the morphological categorization: agreement between MRI and arthroscopy

Objetivo: determinar la concordancia entre resonancia magnética (RM) y artroscopia de rodilla como patrón de oro en la escogencia del tipo de tratamiento para una ruptura meniscal con base en su caracterización morfológica. Materiales y métodos: estudio de concordancia diagnóstica de conformidad que incluyó pacientes que consultaron a la Fundación Santa Fe con lesiones meniscales, a quienes se practicó RM con cortes axiales, y fueron llevados a artroscopia. Se correlacionaron posibles tratamientos de acuerdo con configuración de la ruptura según hallazgos imagenológicos y artroscópicos, y se determinó concordancia entre éstos. Resultados: el coeficiente Kappa calculado fue de 0,61. Conclusiones: la concordancia encontrada entre RM y artroscopia es buena permitiendo predecir el posible tratamiento de acuerdo con la configuración de la ruptura.