Asunto(s)
Propantelina/envenenamiento , Adolescente , Sobredosis de Droga/diagnóstico , Femenino , HumanosRESUMEN
The effects of hyperinflation and of atelectasis on accumulation of fluid in the lung was studied in 12 anesthetized spontaneously breathing puppies. Vascular pressures were raised and the plasma colloid osmotic pressure was reduced by the infusion of 0.9% saline thus promoting the formation of pulmonary edema. A tracheostomy was performed and the left lower lobe catheterized in all puppies. In five puppies hyperinflation of the left lower lobe was achieved by applying a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) of 10 Torr. In seven other puppies the left lobe was made atelectatic by occluding its bronchus after ventilating the lungs with 100% oxygen. The right lung was ventilated to ambient pressure in all puppies. The extravascular lung water content was determined by the difference in wet and dry lung weights corrected for residual blood. We found that hyperinflation produced by CPAP enhanced and atelectasis opposed fluid accumulation in the puppy lung.
Asunto(s)
Perros/fisiología , Pulmón/fisiología , Atelectasia Pulmonar , Edema Pulmonar/etiología , Animales , Espacio Extracelular/metabolismo , Respiración con Presión Positiva , Presión , Capacidad Pulmonar TotalRESUMEN
The effect of administration of terbutaline on the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems was studied in ten children with status asthmaticus. Terbutaline (0.01 to 0.04 mg/kg of body weight) was given subcutaneously in multiple doses. A significant decrease in respiratory rate and in arterial blood pressure, with no significant change in cardiac rate, was seen only after the first dose of terbutaline. There was a decrease in mean arterial carbon dioxide tension and an increase in mean arterial oxygen pressure. There was gross clinical improvement following administration of terbutaline in nine of the ten patients. One patient who failed to respond to administration of terbutaline also failed to respond to intravenously administered isoproterenol. We conclude that terbutaline is effective in the treatment of status asthmaticus, with only modest effects on the cardiovascular system.
Asunto(s)
Asma/tratamiento farmacológico , Terbutalina/uso terapéutico , Adolescente , Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Dióxido de Carbono/sangre , Niño , Preescolar , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Evaluación de Medicamentos , Electrocardiografía , Femenino , Frecuencia Cardíaca/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Inyecciones Subcutáneas , Isoproterenol/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Oxígeno/sangre , Respiración/efectos de los fármacos , Estimulación Química , Terbutalina/farmacologíaRESUMEN
The effect of acute obstruction to lymphatic drainage on fluid accumulation in the lungs, pleura, and pericardium was assessed in the intact dog. Catheters were positioned in the venae cavase, right atrium (RA), left atrium (LA), age on fluid accumulation in the lungs, pleura, and pericardium was assessed in the intact dog. Catheters were positioned in the venae cavae, right atrium (RA), left atrium (LA), and aorta (Ao) of nine anesthetized, spontaneouly breathing dogs, and hydrostic and colloid osmotic pressures were continuously monitored. Lymphatic obstruction was achieved by raising systemic venous pressure to either 10 mmHg or 25 mmHg by a combination of fluid infusion and inflation of balloon catheters in the venae cavae for 2 h. The same constant net intravascular filtration pressure was maintained in both groups by appropriate use of saline or colloid-containing fluids. Pleural and pericardial fluids were measured postmortem and lung water content was determined by weighing before and after drying. Failure to detect greater fluid accumulation at the higher obstructing pressure (25 mmHg) than at the lower obstructing pressure (10 mmHg) suggests that over the range of obstructing pressures used there is no acute change in the magnitude of lymphatic drainage in the chest.
