RESUMEN
Dengue has broadened its global distribution substantially in the past two decades, and many endemic areas are experiencing increases in incidence. The Dominican Republic recently experienced its two largest outbreaks to date with 16,836 reported cases in 2015 and 20,123 reported cases in 2019. With continued increases in dengue transmission, developing tools to better prepare healthcare systems and mosquito control agencies is of critical importance. Before such tools can be developed, however, we must first better understand potential drivers of dengue transmission. To that end, we focus in this paper on determining relationships between climate variables and dengue transmission with an emphasis on eight provinces and the capital city of the Dominican Republic in the period 2015-2019. We present summary statistics for dengue cases, temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity in this period, and we conduct an analysis of correlated lags between climate variables and dengue cases as well as correlated lags among dengue cases in each of the nine locations. We find that the southwestern province of Barahona had the largest dengue incidence in both 2015 and 2019. Among all climate variables considered, lags between relative humidity variables and dengue cases were the most frequently correlated. We found that most locations had significant correlations with cases in other locations at lags of zero weeks. These results can be used to improve predictive models of dengue transmission in the country.
RESUMEN
O presente Relatório de Estágio para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Enfermagem de Saúde Comunitária na área de Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar (ESF) apresenta as atividades desenvolvidas nos estágios que decorreram entre setembro de 2020 e março de 2021, na Unidade de Cuidados de Saúde Personalizados (UCSP) Polo Monte Real/Carvide. Partindo do princípio que as Unidades de Saúde Familiar são o futuro das UCSP, procurei ter nestes estágios uma visão de evolução na prática de enfermagem à família. O principal objetivo deste relatório é refletir sobre os cuidados especializados de enfermagem de saúde familiar desenvolvidos em contexto clínico, tendo de base as Competências Comuns e Específicas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem Comunitária na área de ESF. Ao longo deste trabalho, abordo: o enquadramento do contexto prático; fundamentação teórica para a prática especializada em ESF; competências do Enfermeiro Especialista nesta área; eprática especializada baseada na evidência. No último capítulo, realizei uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura (RIL) com o tema "A Participação do Parceiro no Pré-Natal: Implicações na Enfermagem de Família", baseando o mesmo na minha experiência neste contexto prático e com vista na melhoria da qualidade doscuidados de saúde familiar. Tem como objetivo geral fornecer uma visão geral da literatura existente sobre esta temática. O incentivo da participação do "futuro pai"nas consultas pré-natal não deve ser esquecido, sendo importante para a promoção da saúde familiar. Deste modo, surge a necessidade de direcionar, também, o foco de atenção para o cuidado à família como um todo e não apenas para a mulher grávida. Após ter sido delineada a estratégia de investigação, procedeu-se à pesquisa através de algumas bases de dados (B-On; LILACS; PubMed®; e RECAAP), utilizando os descritores do DeCS e MeSH e o operador booleano "AND". Foram selecionados 13 estudos. As conclusões obtidas desta revisão são: existem benefícios claros da participação do parceiro no pré-natal, tanto para a mulher, para o bebé, para o parceiro, bem como para a família no seu todo. Apesar disto, podem haver barreiras na participação dos pais. A principal conclusão da RIL é que podemos considerar de grande relevância a promoção da participação do parceiro nas consultas de saúde materna, sendo que os estudos destacaram que a abordagem do profissional pode melhorar ou reduzir as experiências de inclusão no pré-natal.
This Internship Report for obtaining the Master's Degree in Community Health Nursing in the area of Family Health Nursing presents the activities carried out in the internships that took place between September 2020 and March 2021, at the Personalized Health Care Unit in Monte Real/Carvide. Assuming that Family Health Units are the future of Personalized Health Care Unit, I have tried to include in these stages a vision of evolution in family nursing practice. The main objective of this report is to reflect on the specialized care of family health nursing developed in a clinical context, based on the Common and Specific Competencies of the Nurse Specialist in Community Nursing in the area of Family Health Nursing. Throughout this work, I have developed: the framing of the practical context; the theoretical foundation for the specialized practice in Family Health Nursing; competences of the Specialist Nurse in this area; and evidence-based expert practice. In the last chapter, I have carried out an Integrative Literature Review with the theme "Partner Participation in Prenatal: Implications in Family Nursing", taking into account my experience in the practical context and with a view to improving the quality of family health care. The main objective is to provide an overview of the existing literature on this topic. Encouraging the participation of the "future father" in prenatal consultations should not be forgotten, as it is important for the promotion of family health. In this way, the need arises to also direct the focus of attention to care for the family as a whole and not just for the pregnant woman. After the investigation strategy had been outlined, a search was carried out through some databases (B-On; LILACS; PubMed®; e RECAAP), using DeCS and MeSH descriptors and the Boolean operator "AND". 13 studies were selected. The conclusions drawn from this review are: there are clear benefits of partner participation in prenatal, both for the woman, the baby, the partner, as well as the family as a whole. Despite this, there may be barriers to parental participation. The main conclusion of the review is that we can consider the promotion of partner participation in maternal health consultations of great relevance, and studies have highlighted that the professional's approach can improve or reduce the experiences of inclusion in prenatal care.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Atención Prenatal , Atención de Enfermería , Enfermería de la FamiliaRESUMEN
As the development of a dengue vaccine is ongoing, we simulate an hypothetical vaccine as an extra protection to the population. In a first phase, the vaccination process is studied as a new compartment in the model, and different ways of distributing the vaccines investigated: pediatric and random mass vaccines, with distinct levels of efficacy and durability. In a second step, the vaccination is seen as a control variable in the epidemiological process. In both cases, epidemic and endemic scenarios are included in order to analyze distinct outbreak realities.
