The sponges Hymeniacidon perlevis and Halichondria panicea are reservoirs of antibiotic-producing bacteria against multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

AIMS: Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of cultivable bacteria associated with the marine sponges Hymeniacidon perlevis and Halichondria panicea against multi-drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred and fourteen bacterial isolates were recovered from H. perlevis and H. panicea. Antibacterial action was demonstrated by 70% of the isolates against reference strain Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and by 31·6% against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 in agar overlay assays. Antibacterial potential was further analysed against 36 multi-drug-resistant hospital Staphylococcus aureus strains with diverse resistance profiles. Among the 80 isolates positive against S. aureus ATCC 29213, 76·3% were active against at least one clinical S. aureus pathogen and 73·6% inhibited one or more methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and vancomycin non-susceptible S. aureus strains. In addition, 41·3% inhibited all vancomycin nonsusceptible MRSA strains. CONCLUSIONS: Culturable bacteria associated to H. perlevis and H. panicea are promising sources of antibacterial compounds of great pharmaceutical interest. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study was the first to explore the antibacterial potential of culturable bacteria associated with the marine sponges H. perlevis and H. panicea against MDR bacteria. This is the first report of antibacterial activity by Aquimarina, Denitrobaculum, Maribacter and Vagococcus isolates against MDR S. aureus strains, including vancomycin nonsusceptible and methicillin-resistant ones, against which new antibiotics are urgently needed.

Índice leuco-glucémico como factor pronóstico tras un infarto agudo delmiocardio con elevación del segmento ST

Fundamento: la glucosa sanguínea y el recuento leucocitario al ingreso han demostrado tener significación pronóstica en pacientes con infarto del miocardio. El índiceleuco-glucémico es un marcador recientemente propuesto como predictor de mortalidad.Objetivo: evaluar la utilidad del índice leuco-glucémico enla estratificación del riesgo de muerte intrahospitalaria trasun IAMCEST.Método: se realizó un estudio observacional prospectivo que incluyó a todos los pacientes que ingresaron de forma consecutiva con diagnóstico de infarto agudo de miocardiocon elevación del segmento ST y clase Killip > I, de enerode 2012 a junio de 2015 en el Hospital Provincial Universitario Camilo Cienfuegos Gorriarán. Se recogieron datos clínicos, de laboratorio y ecocardiográficos y sedeterminó la implicación pronóstica del índiceleuco-glucémico en la mortalidad intrahospitalaria a travésde la regresión logística binaria. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo y color de la piel, historial médico y factores de riesgo cardiovasculares, datos clínicos como latensión arterial sistólica y diastólica además de lafrecuencia cardiaca al ingreso.Resultados: el índice leuco-glucémico resultó un predictorde mortalidad tanto en los pacientes diabéticos como en los no diabéticos (c= 0,673 y c=0,707) respectivamente.Existió una correlación positiva entre el la clase Killip y el índice leuco-glucémico (r: 0,471 p<0,001). El percentil 75 mostró una aceptable sensibilidad y buena especificidad como predictor de complicaciones y mortalidad tras un IAMCEST.Conclusiones: el índice leuco-glucémico en el curso de uninfarto agudo del miocardio puede asociarse a una mayor mortalidad intrahospitalaria. Su detección sería de utilidad en la estratificación pronóstica del síndrome coronarioagudo.[AU]

QRS duration and dispersion for predicting ventricular arrhythmias in early stage of acute myocardial infraction. / Duración y dispersión del QRS para predecir arritmias ventriculares en las fases iniciales del infarto agudo de miocardio.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between QRS duration and dispersion and the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias in early stages of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). DESIGN: A retrospective, longitudinal descriptive study was carried out. SETTING: Hospital General Universitario "Camilo Cienfuegos", Sancti Spíritus, Cuba. Secondary health care. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: A total of 209 patients diagnosed with ST-segment elevation AMI from January 2012 to June 2014. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST: The duration and dispersion of the QT interval, corrected QT interval, and QRS complex were measured in the first electrocardiogram performed at the hospital. The presence of ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation was assessed during follow-up (length of hospital stay). RESULTS: Arrhythmias were found in 46 patients (22%); in 25 of them (15.9%), arrhythmias originated in ventricles, and were more common in those subjects with extensive anterior wall AMI, which was responsible for 81.8% of the ventricular fibrillations and more than half (57.1%) of the ventricular tachycardias. The widest QRS complexes (77.3±13.3 vs. 71.5±6.4ms; P=.029) and their greatest dispersion (24.1±16.2 vs. 16.5±4.8ms; P=.019) were found on those leads that explore the regions affected by ischemia. The highest values of all measurements were found in extensive anterior wall AMI, with significant differences: QRS 92.3±18.8ms, QRS dispersion 37.9±23.9ms, corrected QT 518.5±72.2ms, and corrected QT interval dispersion 94.9±26.8ms. Patients with higher QRS dispersion values were more likely to have ventricular arrhythmias, with cutoff points at 23.5ms and 24.5ms for tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Increased QRS duration and dispersion implied a greater likelihood of ventricular arrhythmias in early stages of AMI than increased duration and dispersion of the corrected QT interval.