Longitudinal findings of a U.S. preventive evidence-based family intervention tested among youth in Ecuador: Familias Unidas.

Interventions that address adolescent conduct problems are essential for decreasing negative risk behaviors and promoting positive protective factors among youth. Although interventions have been developed and tested in the United States, preventive evidence-based interventions (EBIs) are less available in Latin American countries such as Ecuador. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an evidence-based, parent-centered intervention, Familias Unidas, in preventing/reducing conduct problems, across time, among youth in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Ecuadorian youth (ages 12 through 14) and their respective primary caregiver were recruited from two public schools and randomized to either Familias Unidas or Community Practice. A series of latent growth models were run to test for differences between Familias Unidas and Community Practice on conduct disorder symptoms across three timepoints covering 6 months. Ecuadorian mental health professionals were trained to deliver the evidence-based intervention. Findings indicate no direct relationship between condition and average change in conduct problems at 6 months post baseline. However, indirect effects favoring Familias Unidas over Community Practice were found through improvements in family functioning. Findings highlight that Familias Unidas was efficacious in an international setting and indicate the viability of successfully delivering preventive EBIs in Ecuador.

Characterization of Actinobacillus seminis biofilm formation.

Actinobacillus seminis is an autochthonous gram-negative bacterium that affects reproductive organs, causing epididymitis, low fertility, and occasional abortions in ovine and goats. The virulence factors and the pathogenicity mechanisms of A. seminis have not been clearly elucidated yet. In this work, biofilm production by A. seminis in in vitro assays is described and characterized. After 48-h incubation at 37 °C in trypticase soy broth, A. seminis formed biofilms containing an extracellular matrix comprised mainly of fibrillar material. Microaerophilia or the presence of calcium diminished biofilm formation in approximately 50% and 70%, respectively, but low iron concentrations increased it 40%. Through enzymatic digestion, it was found that proteins were the main component of these biofilms. Structural observations through scanning electron microscopy indicated the presence of a high amount of fibrillar material in which bacteria were immersed. Antibodies against different bacterial surface proteins, such as anti-biofilm matrix and anti-adhesin, diminished biofilm formation in 70% and 25%, respectively; whereas furanone C-30 and LED-209, compounds described as quorum-sensing inhibitors, completely inhibited biofilm formation. In conclusion, environmental conditions can influence strongly biofilm formation in A. seminis, and this could be an advantageous strategy that allows bacteria to persist inside a host.

Natural Extracts Abolished Lipid Accumulation in Cells Harbouring non-favourable PNPLA3 genotype.

Background & aims. G-allele of PNPLA3 (rs738409) favours triglycerides accumulation and steatosis. In this study, we examined the effect of quercetin and natural extracts from mushroom and artichoke on reducing lipid accumulation in hepatic cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Huh7.5 cells were exposed to oleic acid (OA) and treated with quercetin and extracts to observe the lipid accumulation, the intracellular-TG concentration and the LD size. Sterol regulatory element binding proteins-1 (SREBP-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARα-γ) and cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) gene expression levels were analysed. RESULTS: Quercetin decreased the intracellular lipids, LD size and the levels of intracellular-TG through the down-regulation of SREBP-1c, PPARγ and ACAT1 increasing PPARα. The natural-extracts suppressed OA-induced lipid accumulation and the intracellular-TG. They down-regulate the hepatic lipogenesis through SREBP-1c, besides the activation of lipolysis through the increasing of PPARα expression. CONCLUSIONS: Quercetin and the aqueous extracts decrease intracellular lipid accumulation by down-regulation of lipogenesis and up-regulation of lipolysis.

Epibiotic Diatoms Are Universally Present on All Sea Turtle Species.

The macro-epibiotic communities of sea turtles have been subject to growing interest in recent years, yet their micro-epibiotic counterparts are almost entirely unknown. Here, we provide the first evidence that diatoms are epibionts for all seven extant species of sea turtle. Using Scanning Electron Microscopy, we inspected superficial carapace or skin samples from a single representative of each turtle species. We distinguished 18 diatom taxa from these seven individuals, with each sea turtle species hosting at least two diatom taxa. We recommend that future research is undertaken to confirm whether diatom communities vary between sea turtle species and whether these diatom taxa are facultative or obligate commensals.

PNPLA3 rs738409 causes steatosis according to viral & IL28B genotypes in hepatitis C.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is associated with a higher prevalence of steatosis compared to the general population. AIM: Our aim was to assess the impact of PNPLA3 rs738409 G-allele on steatosis in HCV patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We included 474 HCV patients treated with peginterferon plus ribavirin. PNPLA3 rs738409 was genotyped and patients were classified according to alleles and genotypes. Steatosis was detected in 46.4% (220/474). Fibrosis was assessed by Scheuer score. Gene expression was analyzed in Huh7.5 and Huh7 cells using Real Time-PCR. RESULTS: PNPLA3 allele-G was associated with steatosis [54.1% (126/233) vs. 39% (94/241)] (p = 0.0001). In HCV-1, allele-G was related to steatosis [50.6% (82/162) vs. 32.3% (53/164)] (p = 0.001), but did not in HCV-3 [61.9% (26/42) vs. 62% (31/50)] (p = 0.993). PNPLA3 allele-G was associated with steatosis in patients with IL28B-CT/TT [57.7% (82/142) vs. 37.1% (56/151)] (p = 0.0001), but did not in IL28B-CC [47.8% (43/90) vs. 42% (37/88)] (p = 0.442). Independent variables associated with steatosis were: PNPLA3 G-allele [O.R. 1.84 (CI95%: 1.06-3.21); p = 0.007], age [O.R. 1.04 (CI95%: 1.01-1.07); p = 0.017], HCV-genotype 3 [O.R. 2.46 (CI95%: 1.30-4.65); p = 0.006], HOMA > 4 [O.R. 2.72 (CI95%: 1.27-5.82); p = 0.010]. Since PNPLA3 RNA could not be detected on PBMC from HCV patients, an in vitro analysis was performed. Huh7.5 cells infected with JFH1 had a decreased PNPLA3 gene expression (fold inhibition = 3.2 ± 0.2), while Huh7 cells presented increased PNPLA3 gene expression (fold induction = 1.5 ± 0.2). CONCLUSION: PNPLA3 allele-G modulated the development of steatosis, particularly in patients with HCV-1 and IL28B-CT/TT genotype, but was not associated with SVR. Metabolic but not viral steatosis seems to be PNPLA3 regulated. Gene interaction may result in differential PNPLA3 gene expression levels in HCV infection.

Comportamiento de los adolescentes ante el consumo de alcohol en el Consejo Popular El Vaquerito / Adolescent behavior in front of alcohol consumption in the popular council El Vaquerito

Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo en el periodo comprendido de julio 2012 a diciembre 2012, con una muestra de 80 adolescentes del Consejo Popular El Vaquerito. Se recolectó la información mediante la aplicación de la encuesta y de los grupos focales que se realizaron a los adolescentes. Mediante el diagnóstico se obtuvo que la mayor parte tiene amigos que ingieren bebidas alcohólicas. Los adolescentes ingieren alcohol porque les gusta, además de ser motivados por imitar a los amigos. El mayor por ciento de los adolescentes consumen bebidas alcohólicas en todas las fiestas y algunos lo hacen solo los fines de semana y consumen más de dos tragos de ron. Según los factores favorecedores del consumo de bebidas alcohólicas destacan en primer lugar tengo amigos que consumen alcohol, seguido de tomo en fiestas y actividades recreativas (AU)

An observational descriptive study was carried out from July 2012 to December 2012, with a sample of 80 adolescents in the Popular Council El Vaquerito. The information was collected through the implementation of the survey and the focus groups that were conducted to teenagers. By diagnosis was known that most have friends who drink alcohol. Teenagers drink alcohol because they like, besides being motivated to imitate friends. The highest percent of teens drink alcohol at parties and some do only on weekends and consume more than two drinks of rum. According to the predisposing factors include alcohol consumption in first place I have friends who use alcohol followed by I drink at parties and recreational activities (AU)

Dronedarone, an amiodarone analog with improved anti-Leishmania mexicana efficacy.

Dronedarone and amiodarone are cationic lipophilic benzofurans used to treat cardiac arrhythmias. They also have activity against the parasitic protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas' disease. They function by disrupting intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis of the parasite and by inhibiting membrane sterol (ergosterol) biosynthesis. Amiodarone also has activity against Leishmania mexicana, suggesting that dronedarone might likewise be active against this organism. This might be of therapeutic interest, since dronedarone is thought to have fewer side effects in humans than does amiodarone. We show here that dronedarone effectively inhibits the growth of L. mexicana promastigotes in culture and, more importantly, has excellent activity against amastigotes inside infected macrophages (the clinically relevant form) without affecting the host cell, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations against amastigotes being 3 orders of magnitude lower than those obtained previously with T. cruzi amastigotes (0.65 nM versus 0.75 µM). As with amiodarone, dronedarone affects intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis in the parasite, inducing an elevation of intracellular Ca2+ levels. This is achieved by rapidly collapsing the mitochondrial membrane potential and inducing an alkalinization of acidocalcisomes at a rate that is faster than that observed with amiodarone. We also show that dronedarone inhibits parasite oxidosqualene cyclase, a key enzyme in ergosterol biosynthesis known to be vital for survival. Overall, our results suggest the possibility of repurposing dronedarone as a treatment for cutaneous, and perhaps other, leishmaniases.

Enfermedad oncológica y su relación con la dieta previa en escolares hospitalizados en el Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins. Lima - Perú / Oncological disease and its relationship with diet after in school children hospitalized in the Service of Pediatrics, National Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins. Lima - Peru

Introducción: Diversos estudios han demostrado la importancia de la alimentación en el desarrollo del cáncer, estimándose que hasta un 40 per cent de los tumores podría ser prevenido a través de una dieta adecuada y estilos de vida saludables. Algunos estudios epidemiológicos sugieren que la dieta de la madre durante el embarazo puede incidir sobre el riesgo de un posterior cáncer pediátrico en el niño, incrementándolo (consumo elevado de grasas animales, carne curada, ahumada o asada a la brasa, alcohol y escaso o nulo aporte de vegetales) o reduciéndolo (ingesta alta de cereales, legumbres, verduras, frutas y suplementos antioxidantes). Objetivos: Determinar la relación entre enfermedad oncológica y la dieta previa en escolares hospitalizados en el Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins. Lima-Perú. Diseño: Cuantitativo observacional, analítico de casos y controles. Lugar: Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins. Participantes: La muestra estuvo conformada por 20 casos y 20 controles del servicio de Oncología Pediátrica y Hematología Pediátrica, respectivamente. Intervenciones: Aplicación de un cuestionario a las madres de la unidad muestral, para determinar la frecuencia de consumo de alimentos potencialmente cancerígenos y suplementos dietéticos durante la etapa pre gestacional, gestacional y los primeros 5 años de vida del niño. Resultados: No se encontró relación estadísticamente significativa entre la enfermedad oncológica pediátrica y la dieta previa, mediante la aplicación de la prueba del Chi cuadrado (x2) (p=0.448). Se obtuvo un puntaje promedio de las tres etapas evaluadas, obteniendo 30.53 puntos (DS±5.72) para el grupo caso, mientras que para el grupo control fue de 26.85 puntos (DS±8.14), ambos puntajes considerados dentro del rango de un nivel de riesgo medio para la presencia del cáncer. Conclusiones: La dieta previa de escolares hospitalizados en el Servicio de Pediatría del...

Introduction: Several studies have demonstrated the importance of feeding in the development of cancer, it is estimated that up to 40 por ciento of the tumors could be prevented through proper diet and healthy lifestyles. Some epidemiological studies suggest that the mother's diet during pregnancy can influence the subsequent risk of childhood cancer in children, increasing it (high consumption of animal fat, cured meat, smoked or grilled roast, alcohol and little or no vegetable intake) or reducing (high intake of cereals, legumes, vegetables, fruits and antioxidant supplements). Objectives: To determine the relationship between cancer and previous diet school in patients hospitalized pediatric service of the National Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins. Lima-Peru. Design: Quantitative observational, analytic study case-control. Location: Service of Pediatrics, National Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins. Participants: The sample consisted of 20 cases and 20 controls service and Pediatric Hematology Oncology, respectively. Interventions: Application of a questionnaire to mothers in the sample unit to determine the frequency of potentially carcinogenic food consumption and dietary supplements during the preconception stage, gestational stage and the first 5 years of the child. Results: No statistically significant relationship was found between disease and diet pediatric cancer prior by applying the chi-square test (x2) (p=0.448). We obtained an average score of the three stages evaluated, gaining 30.53 points (SD±5.72) for the case group, while the control group was 26.85 points (SD±8.14), and both scores considered within the range of a level of average risk for the presence of cancer. Conclusions: The previous diet of scholar patients hospitalized in the pediatric service of the National Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins does not have a cause-effect with the presence of pediatric cancer disease. However, there is a tendency of a medium risk level by...

Caracterización de algunos factores socio-psicológicos en adolescentes con intento suicida en el municipio Morón / Characterization of sociopsychological factors in adolescents with suicidal attempt in Morón municipality

Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo en los adolescentes con intento suicida del municipio Morón, provincia Ciego de Ávila, en el período comprendido de enero 2009 hasta noviembre 2010, con el objetivo de caracterizar algunos factores socio-psicológicos en estos adolescentes asociados a dicho comportamiento. El universo estuvo formado por todos los adolescentes entre 11 y 18 años que realizaron intento suicida en dicho período. La muestra quedó constituida por 28 adolescentes a los que se le aplicó una encuesta para el control y la tipificación de la conducta suicida, la que ha sido validada en estudios realizados. Entre los resultados fundamentales predominaron las edades comprendidas entre 15 y 16 años y el sexo femenino; dentro de las manifestaciones del comportamiento suicida anterior estuvieron el intento suicida previo seguida de la ideación. En los factores de riesgo familiares se constató la existencia de dificultad en la comunicación con sus padres, divorcio y agresión física y verbal; en los escolares resultó ser el rechazo escolar, y en los personales la tristeza, aburrimiento y amistades que han intentado contra su vida. Todo lo anterior lleva a la conclusión de la necesidad de proponer un sistema de acciones para actuar sobre estos factores de riesgo (AU)

An observational descriptive study was carried out on adolescents with suicidal attempt in Moron, Ciego de Avila province, from January 2009 to November 2010, with the aim of characterizing some sociopsychological factors in these adolescents asociated to this behavior. The universe was constituted by all adolescents between 11 and 18 years old with suicidal attempt in this period. The sample was composed of 28 adolescents to whom a survey was applied for the control and classification of suicidal conduct the one that has been validated in conducted studies. Between the fundamental results the ages between 15 and 16 years and feminine sex predominated; within the manifestations of previous suicide behavior were previous suicidal attempt followed by the ideation. In the risk familiar factors the existence of difficulty in the communication with their parents, divorce and physical and verbal aggression was stated; in the students it turned out to be the scholar rejection, and in the personal the sadness, boredom and friendships that have tried against their life. All the previous one takes to the conclusion of the necessity to propose an action system to act on these risk factors (AU)

Caracterización de algunos factores socio-psicológicos en adolescentes con intento suicida en el municipio Morón / Characterization of sociopsychological factors in adolescents with suicidal attempt in Morón municipality

Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo en los adolescentes con intento suicida del municipio Morón, provincia Ciego de Ávila, en el período comprendido de enero 2009 hasta noviembre 2010, con el objetivo de caracterizar algunos factores socio-psicológicos en estos adolescentes asociados a dicho comportamiento. El universo estuvo formado por todos los adolescentes entre 11 y 18 años que realizaron intento suicida en dicho período. La muestra quedó constituida por 28 adolescentes a los que se le aplicó una encuesta para el control y la tipificación de la conducta suicida, la que ha sido validada en estudios realizados. Entre los resultados fundamentales predominaron las edades comprendidas entre 15 y 16 años y el sexo femenino; dentro de las manifestaciones del comportamiento suicida anterior estuvieron el intento suicida previo seguida de la ideación. En los factores de riesgo familiares se constató la existencia de dificultad en la comunicación con sus padres, divorcio y agresión física y verbal; en los escolares resultó ser el rechazo escolar, y en los personales la tristeza, aburrimiento y amistades que han intentado contra su vida. Todo lo anterior lleva a la conclusión de la necesidad de proponer un sistema de acciones para actuar sobre estos factores de riesgo.

An observational descriptive study was carried out on adolescents with suicidal attempt in Moron, Ciego de Avila province, from January 2009 to November 2010, with the aim of characterizing some sociopsychological factors in these adolescents asociated to this behavior. The universe was constituted by all adolescents between 11 and 18 years old with suicidal attempt in this period. The sample was composed of 28 adolescents to whom a survey was applied for the control and classification of suicidal conduct the one that has been validated in conducted studies. Between the fundamental results the ages between 15 and 16 years and feminine sex predominated; within the manifestations of previous suicide behavior were previous suicidal attempt followed by the ideation. In the risk familiar factors the existence of difficulty in the communication with their parents, divorce and physical and verbal aggression was stated; in the students it turned out to be the scholar rejection, and in the personal the sadness, boredom and friendships that have tried against their life. All the previous one takes to the conclusion of the necessity to propose an action system to act on these risk factors.

In vitro anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of dronedarone, a novel amiodarone derivative with an improved safety profile.

Amiodarone, a commonly used antiarrhythmic, is also a potent and selective anti-Trypanosoma cruzi agent. Dronedarone is an amiodarone derivative in which the 2,5-diiodophenyl moiety of the parental drug has been replaced with an unsubstituted phenyl group aiming to eliminate the thyroid toxicity frequently observed with amiodarone treatment. Dronedarone has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and its use as a safe antiarrhythmic has been extensively documented. We show here that dronedarone also has potent anti-T. cruzi activity, against both extracellular epimastigotes and intracellular amastigotes, the clinically relevant form of the parasite. The 50% inhibitory concentrations against both proliferative stages are lower than those previously reported for amiodarone. The mechanism of action of dronedarone resembles that of amiodarone, as it induces a large increase in the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration of the parasite, which results from the release of this ion from intracellular storage sites, including a direct effect of the drug on the mitochondrial electrochemical potential, and through alkalinization of the acidocalcisomes. Our results suggest a possible future repurposed use of dronedarone for the treatment of Chagas' disease.

Comportamiento del maltrato intrafamiliar en adolescentes / Behavior of intrafamiliar violence in adolescents

El niño y adolescente maltratado constituye un hecho importante de violencia que demuestra la necesidad de intervenir con políticas públicas por lo que se realizó una investigación observacional descriptiva exploratoria con adolescentes del Consultorio Médico de la Familia 21 del Policlínico Universitario Sur de Morón desde Enero a Junio del 2010 con el objetivo de identificar algunas variables relacionadas con el maltrato intrafamiliar en adolescente de 11-19 años procedentes de familias disfuncionales. Se seleccionó una muestra por muestreo aleatorio simple de 36 adolescentes. Predominó el sexo masculino y el grupo de edad de 11-13 años; el mayor porcentaje convivía con la madre y padrastro, las situaciones de violencia presenciadas fueron las discusiones entre los miembros de la familia, predominó el maltrato psicológico. Entre los factores favorecedores estuvo las dificultades para establecer vínculo padre-madre-hijo y el hacinamiento(AU)

The mistreated boy and adolescent constitute an important fact of violence that it demonstrates the necessity to take part with public policies reason why an exploratory descriptive observacional investigation was carried out with adolescents from the Medical Doctor's office 21 from the South University Polyclinic of Morón from January to June 2010 with the aim to identify some variables related to intrafamiliar violence in adolescents of 11-19 years coming from disfunctional families. A sample by simple random sampling of 36 adolescents was selected. It predominated masculine sex and the group of age of 11-13 years; the greater percentage coexisted with their mother and step-father, the violence situations presented were the discussions between the members of the family, among the favoring factors were the difficulties to establish bond father-mother-son and the overcrowding(AU)

Comportamiento del maltrato intrafamiliar en adolescentes / Behavior of intrafamiliar violence in adolescents

El niño y adolescente maltratado constituye un hecho importante de violencia que demuestra la necesidad de intervenir con políticas públicas por lo que se realizó una investigación observacional descriptiva exploratoria con adolescentes del Consultorio Médico de la Familia 21 del Policlínico Universitario Sur de Morón desde Enero a Junio del 2010 con el objetivo de identificar algunas variables relacionadas con el maltrato intrafamiliar en adolescente de 11-19 años procedentes de familias disfuncionales. Se seleccionó una muestra por muestreo aleatorio simple de 36 adolescentes. Predominó el sexo masculino y el grupo de edad de 11-13 años; el mayor porcentaje convivía con la madre y padrastro, las situaciones de violencia presenciadas fueron las discusiones entre los miembros de la familia, predominó el maltrato psicológico. Entre los factores favorecedores estuvo las dificultades para establecer vínculo padre-madre-hijo y el hacinamiento.

The mistreated boy and adolescent constitute an important fact of violence that it demonstrates the necessity to take part with public policies reason why an exploratory descriptive observacional investigation was carried out with adolescents from the Medical Doctor's office 21 from the South University Polyclinic of Morón from January to June 2010 with the aim to identify some variables related to intrafamiliar violence in adolescents of 11-19 years coming from disfunctional families. A sample by simple random sampling of 36 adolescents was selected. It predominated masculine sex and the group of age of 11-13 years; the greater percentage coexisted with their mother and step-father, the violence situations presented were the discussions between the members of the family, among the favoring factors were the difficulties to establish bond father-mother-son and the overcrowding.

Caracterización socio-psicológicas de los pacientes del grupo de ayuda mutua de alcoholismo en el municipio Morón / Socio-psychological characterization of the alcoholic patients of mutual help group in Morón municipality

Se realizó una investigación de tipo observacional descriptiva con los pacientes alcohólicos que ingresaron al Grupo de Ayuda Mutua con el objetivo de caracterizar algunas variablessocio-psicológicas en el periodo comprendido de diciembre del 2004 a julio del 2008, en el Policlínico Sur de Morón. El universo estuvo comprendido por 63 pacientes que representan el total de integrantes del grupo de alcoholismo en el periodo antes mencionado, a los cuales se les aplicó una encuesta. Entre los resultados obtenidos se encuentran que predominaron los pacientes sin ocupación actual y el mayor porciento integró el Grupo de Ayuda Mutua por tener problemas familiares por el consumo de alcohol, encontrándose en el momento de integrarse ansiosos, deprimidos y con trastornos del sueño. Las mayores repercusiones se encuentran en la esfera familiar y general, entre ellos el divorcio y las llegadas tarde y ausencias al trabajo. No obstante la mayoría de los que integraron el grupo no aceptaban ser alcohólicos, teniendo un bajo nivel de conocimiento sobre la enfermedad(AU)

An observational descriptive investigation of the alcoholic patients who entered the group of mutual help was carried out with the aim of characterizing some socio-psychological variables in the period from December 2004 to July 2008, in the South Polyclinic, Morón. The universe of study was composed of 63 patients who represented the total of members of the alcoholic group in the period previously mentioned, to which a survey was applied. Between the results obtained, it was checked that patients without a current occupation predominated and the greatest percent integrated the Group of Mutual help because of having familiar problems due to the alcohol consumption; they felt restless, depressed and suffered from sleep disorders when integrating the group. The main repercussions were in the familiar and general sphere, among them, divorce, absences and late arrivals at work. However, the majority of those who integrated the group did not accept to be alcoholic, having a low level of knowledge on the disease(AU)

Caracterización socio-psicológicas de los pacientes del grupo de ayuda mutua de alcoholismo en el municipio Morón / Socio-psychological characterization of the alcoholic patients of mutual help group in Morón municipality

Se realizó una investigación de tipo observacional descriptiva con los pacientes alcohólicos que ingresaron al Grupo de Ayuda Mutua con el objetivo de caracterizar algunas variablessocio-psicológicas en el periodo comprendido de diciembre del 2004 a julio del 2008, en el Policlínico Sur de Morón. El universo estuvo comprendido por 63 pacientes que representan el total de integrantes del grupo de alcoholismo en el periodo antes mencionado, a los cuales se les aplicó una encuesta. Entre los resultados obtenidos se encuentran que predominaron los pacientes sin ocupación actual y el mayor porciento integró el Grupo de Ayuda Mutua por tener problemas familiares por el consumo de alcohol, encontrándose en el momento de integrarse ansiosos, deprimidos y con trastornos del sueño. Las mayores repercusiones se encuentran en la esfera familiar y general, entre ellos el divorcio y las llegadas tarde y ausencias al trabajo. No obstante la mayoría de los que integraron el grupo no aceptaban ser alcohólicos, teniendo un bajo nivel de conocimiento sobre la enfermedad.

An observational descriptive investigation of the alcoholic patients who entered the group of mutual help was carried out with the aim of characterizing some socio-psychological variables in the period from December 2004 to July 2008, in the South Polyclinic, Morón. The universe of study was composed of 63 patients who represented the total of members of the alcoholic group in the period previously mentioned, to which a survey was applied. Between the results obtained, it was checked that patients without a current occupation predominated and the greatest percent integrated the Group of Mutual help because of having familiar problems due to the alcohol consumption; they felt restless, depressed and suffered from sleep disorders when integrating the group. The main repercussions were in the familiar and general sphere, among them, divorce, absences and late arrivals at work. However, the majority of those who integrated the group did not accept to be alcoholic, having a low level of knowledge on the disease.

Caracterización de adolescentes y padres según conocimientos sobre sexualidad / Characterization of adolescents and parents according to knowledge on sexuality

Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo sobre educación familiar y sexualidad, con dos grupos de estudiantes de 9no grado de la Secundaria Básica Urbana Alfredo Álvarez Mola correspondiente al Área Norte del municipio de Morón, provincia Ciego de Ávila, en el período comprendido desde febrero hasta mayo de 2009 con el objetivo de caracterizar elementos de la educación familiar sobre la sexualidad en el adolescente. El universo estuvo formado por 240 jóvenes de 14 y 15 años de las dos escuelas del área. La muestra estuvo constituida por 60 adolescentes y 60 padres a los que se les aplicó una encuesta; se utilizó el programa de Microsoft Access para procesarla. Los resultados fundamentales, según criterios de adolescentes y padres, es que se deben conversar temas relacionados con la sexualidad desde la niñez, y los de mayor interés las infecciones de transmisión sexual y los anticonceptivos. Las vías de obtener la información son los padres y algún profesor. Se define la sexualidad como: forma de ser, de comportarse, de relacionarse, en la actividad diaria. La sexualidad juega un importante papel en la vida futura del adolescente relacionado con el amor a los hijos, a la familia y al logro de una vida familiar plena(AU)

A descriptive observacional study on Familiar Education and Sexuality was carried out, in two groups of 9th grade students, at the Urban Basic High School Alfredo Alvarez Mola corresponding to the North Area of Morón municipality, Ciego de Avila province, from February to May 2009 with the aim of characterizing elements of the Familiar Education on sexuality in the adolescent. The universe of study was made up of 240 teenagers aged 14 - 15 years at two schools of the Area. The sample was constituted by 60 adolescents and 60 parents to whom a survey was applied. The program of Microsoft Access was used to process data. The fundamental results, according to criteria of adolescents and parents, are that topics related to sexuality should be talked since childhood, those of greater interest were the sexual transmitted diseases, and the contraceptives. The ways for obtaining data are parents and some teachers. Sexuality is defined as: the way of being, socializing with others, the way of behaving. It is what we daily do. Sexuality plays an important role in the future life of the adolescent and it is related to giving love to children, loving the family and having a close family(AU)

Caracterización de adolescentes y padres según conocimientos sobre sexualidad / Characterization of adolescents and parents according to knowledge on sexuality

Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo sobre educación familiar y sexualidad, con dos grupos de estudiantes de 9no grado de la Secundaria Básica Urbana Alfredo Álvarez Mola correspondiente al Área Norte del municipio de Morón, provincia Ciego de Ávila, en el período comprendido desde febrero hasta mayo de 2009 con el objetivo de caracterizar elementos de la educación familiar sobre la sexualidad en el adolescente. El universo estuvo formado por 240 jóvenes de 14 y 15 años de las dos escuelas del área. La muestra estuvo constituida por 60 adolescentes y 60 padres a los que se les aplicó una encuesta; se utilizó el programa de Microsoft Access para procesarla. Los resultados fundamentales, según criterios de adolescentes y padres, es que se deben conversar temas relacionados con la sexualidad desde la niñez, y los de mayor interés las infecciones de transmisión sexual y los anticonceptivos. Las vías de obtener la información son los padres y algún profesor. Se define la sexualidad como: forma de ser, de comportarse, de relacionarse, en la actividad diaria. La sexualidad juega un importante papel en la vida futura del adolescente relacionado con el amor a los hijos, a la familia y al logro de una vida familiar plena.

A descriptive observacional study on Familiar Education and Sexuality was carried out, in two groups of 9th grade students, at the Urban Basic High School Alfredo Alvarez Mola corresponding to the North Area of Morón municipality, Ciego de Avila province, from February to May 2009 with the aim of characterizing elements of the Familiar Education on sexuality in the adolescent. The universe of study was made up of 240 teenagers aged 14 - 15 years at two schools of the Area. The sample was constituted by 60 adolescents and 60 parents to whom a survey was applied. The program of Microsoft Access was used to process data. The fundamental results, according to criteria of adolescents and parents, are that topics related to sexuality should be talked since childhood, those of greater interest were the sexual transmitted diseases, and the contraceptives. The ways for obtaining data are parents and some teachers. Sexuality is defined as: the way of being, socializing with others, the way of behaving. It is what we daily do. Sexuality plays an important role in the future life of the adolescent and it is related to giving love to children, loving the family and having a close family.

Violencia intrafamiliar y salud mental del adolescente / Intrafamiliar violence and mental health of the adolescent

Se realizó una investigación observacional descriptiva con los adolescentes de 11 a 15 años de edad pertenecientes al consultorio 17 del Policlínico Comunitario Docente Sur de Morón, en el período comprendido desde junio del año 2003 hasta enero del 2004; con el objetivo de identificar la presencia de violencia intrafamiliar y algunos elementos del estado de salud mental de los adolescentes. Esperamos que este programa mejore los conocimientos de los adolescentes y sus padres sobre la violencia y se logre una adecuada salud familiar(AU)

Violencia familiar en adolescentes / Familiar violence in adolescents

Se realizó una investigación observacional descriptiva con los adolescentes de 11 a 15 años del Consultorio Médico de la familia No. 35 del Policlínico Docente Comunitario Sur de Morón, en el período comprendido desde septiembre del 2003 a marzo del 2004, el mayor porciento de los adolescentes convivía con la madre y padrastro y las situaciones de violencia presenciadas con mas frecuencia fueron las discusiones entre los miembros de la familia. El 94,4 porciento de los adolescentes refirió haber sufrido violencia psicológica. La actitud asumida por los padres ante un problema del adolescente fue dedicar un tiempo para conversar con ellos. La situación “al hablarle me grita y me insulta” predominó como una manifestación de violencia de los adolescentes referida por la madre (AU)

Influencias de algunas variables clínico-epidemiológicas sobre la presión arterial en niños de la Escuela Primaria “Paquito González” / Some clinical and epidemiological variables influences over blood pressure in children of Primary school “Paquito González”

Se realizó una investigación observacional descriptiva en el semi-internado de enseñanza primaria Paquito González en 349 niños en edades comprendidas de 5-13 años y se relacionaron algunas variables clínico-epidemiológicas con el comportamiento de la P.A. según valores en la escala de percentiles. Existió un predominio de cifras de P.A. normal- alta y P.A. alta en el grupo de edad de 11 a 13 años y en el sexo femenino. Los niños obesos reportaron mayores porcentajes de P.A. normal-alta y alta. En los niños con A.P.F. de H.T.A. se detectaron cifras de P.A. normal-alta y alta en un 87.18 porciento y 90.90 porcientorespectivamente. Los niños con madre y/o padre fumadores presentaron mayor porciento de P.A. normal. Al 81.08 porciento de los niños estudiados nunca se les había tomado la P.A.(AU)