Evaluation of Factors Influencing Handgrip Strength Asymmetry in Older Peruvian Adults.

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is a musculoskeletal disease involving the reduction of muscle mass, strength, and performance. Handgrip strength (HGS) measurements included in frailty assessments are great biomarkers of aging and are related to functional deficits. We assessed the association between potential influencing factors and HGS asymmetry in older Peruvian adults. METHODS: We used a database of the Peruvian Naval Medical Center "Cirujano Santiago Távara" located in Callao, Peru. All the patients included were ≥60 years old and had an HGS measurement in the dominant and non-dominant hand. RESULTS: From a total of 1,468 patients, 74.66% had HGS asymmetry. After adjustment, calf circumference weakness (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]=1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.15), falls risk (aPR = 1.08; 95% CI, 1.02-1.16), and an altered Lawton index (aPR=0.92; 95% CI, 0.84-0.99) were associated with HGS asymmetry. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that HGS asymmetry should be measured along with other geriatric assessments used to evaluate health outcomes in the elderly to enhance health promotion and prevention aimed at preserving muscle strength to curb functional limitations in the elderly.

Role of cytokines, chemokines, C3a, and mannose-binding lectin in the evolution of the chikungunya infection.

The pathogenesis of the severity of chikungunya infection is not yet fully understood. OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of the cytokines/chemokines and system of complement in the evolution of chikungunya infection. METHODS: In both acute and chronic phases, we measured the serum levels of 12 cytokines/chemokines and two complement mediators: mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and C3a, in 83 patients with chikungunya infection and ten healthy controls. RESULTS: During the acute phase, 75.9% of the patients developed musculoskeletal disorders, and in 37.7% of them, these disorders persisted until the chronic phase. In general, patients had higher levels of cytokines than healthy controls, with significant differences for IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and MIP-1. Most cytokines exhibited a downward trend during the chronic phase. However, only IL-10, and MIP-1 levels were significantly lower in the chronic phase. Additionally, these levels never decreased to concentrations found in healthy controls. Moreover, MBL levels were significantly higher in the acute phase compared with the chronic phase. C3a levels were significantly higher in patients with musculoskeletal disorder compared with patients without it, in both acute-phase 118.2 (66.5-252.9), and chronic phase 68.5 (64.4-71.3), P < 0.001. Interestingly, C3a levels were significantly higher when patients had a severe disease version. Besides, in the acute phase, C3a levels were higher in patients that suffer arthritis as opposed to when they suffer arthralgia, 194.3 (69.5-282.2), and 70.9 (62.4-198.8), P = 0.013, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed an immunological response that persisted until the chronic phase and the role of the complement system in the severity of the disease.

Probabilistic multi-pathway human health risk assessment due to heavy metal(loid)s in a traditional gold mining area in Ecuador.

Mining operations are important causes of environmental pollution in developing countries where mining waste management is not adequate. Consequently, heavy metal(loid)s are easily released into the environment, being a potential risk to human health. This study carries out a Bayesian probabilistic human health risk assessment, related to multi-pathway exposure to heavy metal(loid)s in a gold mining area in Southern Ecuador. Concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in tap water, surface water, and soil samples, were analyzed to assess the potential adverse human health effects based on the Hazard Index (HI) and Total cancer risk (TCR). Adults and children residents were surveyed to adjust their exposure parameters to the site-specific conditions. Exposure to heavy metal(loid)s resulted in unacceptable risk levels for human health in the two age groups, both carcinogenic (TCR > 1 × 10-5) and non-carcinogenic (HI > 1) through ingestion of tap water and incidental ingestion of surface water. Sensitivity analysis showed that As concentration in waters and exposure frequency were the main contributors to risk outcome. Exposure to soil via accidental ingestion and dermal contact was below the safety limit, not posing a risk to human health. These findings can provide a baseline for the environmental management of the mining area and indicate the need for further research on As pollution in water and its implications on the health of the inhabitants of mining communities.

Ecological and probabilistic human health risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s in river sediments affected by mining activities in Ecuador.

Gold mining is a significant source of metal(loid)s released into the environment. It is an issue of concern due to the potential adverse health effects associated with exposure to toxic elements. This study aimed to assess the ecological and human health risk caused by heavy metal(loid)s exposure in river sediments in Ponce Enríquez, one of the most important mining sites in Ecuador. Concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were evaluated in 172 sediment samples to determine the Potential ecological risk (RI) and the carcinogenic (CR) and non-carcinogenic risk (HQ). The human exposure to polluted sediments during recreational activities was computed using Bayesian probabilistic models. Residents were randomly surveyed to adjust the risk models to the specific population data. More than 68% of the sampling stations pose a severe As and Cd ecological risk index ([Formula: see text] > 320). Likewise, residents exposed to river sediments showed a non-acceptable carcinogenic risk by incidental ingestion, being As the primary contributor to overall cancer in both children and adults receptors. Moreover, non-carcinogenic risk through the incidental ingestion of sediments was above the safe limit for children. This is the first study conducted in a mining region in Ecuador that reveals the severe levels of ecological and human health risk to which the population is exposed. These results can be applied as a baseline to develop public health strategies to monitor and reduce the health hazards of the residents of mining communities.

Prediction of acute neurovascular syndromes with prehospital clinical features witnessed by bystanders.

BACKGROUND: The prompt recognition of an acute neurovascular syndrome by the patient or a bystander witnessing the event can directly influence outcome. We aimed to study the predictive value of the medical history and clinical features recognized by the patients' bystanders to preclassify acute stroke syndromes in prehospital settings. METHODS: We analyzed 369 patients: 209 (56.6%) with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), 107 (29.0%) with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and 53 (14.4%) with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). All patients had neuroimaging as diagnostic gold standard. We constructed clinical prediction rules (CPRs) with features recognized by the bystanders witnessing the stroke onset to classify the acute neurovascular syndromes before final arrival to the emergency room (ER). RESULTS: In all, 83.2% cases were referred from other centers, and only 16.8% (17.2% in AIS, 15% in ICH, and 18.9% in SAH) had direct ER arrival. The time to first assessment in ≤ 3 h occurred in 72.4% (73.7%, 73.8%, and 64.2%, respectively), and final ER arrival in ≤ 3 h occurred in 26.8% (32.1%, 15.9%, and 28.3%, respectively). Clinical features referred by witnesses had low positive predictive values (PPVs) for stroke type prediction. Language or speech disorder + focal motor deficit showed 63.3% PPV, and 77.0% negative predictive value (NPV) for predicting AIS. Focal motor deficit + history of hypertension had 35.9% PPV and 78.8% NPV for ICH. Headache alone had 27.9% PPV and 95.3% NPV for SAH. In multivariate analyses, seizures, focal motor deficit, and hypertension increased the probability of a time to first assessment in ≤ 3 h, while obesity was inversely associated. Final ER arrival was determined by age and a direct ER arrival without previous referrals. CONCLUSION: CPRs constructed with the witnesses' narrative had only adequate NPVs in the prehospital classification of acute neurovascular syndromes, before neuroimaging confirmation.

Importance of clinical and laboratory characteristics in the diagnosis of dengue and chikungunya co-infection: Probable case report / Importancia de las características clínicas y de laboratorio en el diagnóstico de las infecciones concomitantes por dengue y chikungunya: reporte de un caso probable.

We report the case of a 38-year-old woman who initially consulted for an undifferentiated fever. Although her clinical condition evolved with signs and symptoms compatible with dengue with alarm signs and that the anti-dengue IgM detection in a single sample indicated it was a probable case that could have happened during the previous three months, the patient kept consulting due to little improvement. On the tenth day after the onset of symptoms, she presented with painful polyarticular symmetric edema, as well as hyperpigmented lesions in the nasolabial fold. Chikungunya diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of IgM antibodies. In endemic countries for dengue and chikungunya, the possibility of co-infection exists, but it may go unnoticed. On the other hand, the co-infection may worsen the clinical course of these diseases. Therefore, physicians should evaluate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of both infections to be able to diagnose the coinfection for adequate management and to minimize complications.

Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 38 años que consultó inicialmente por fiebre indiferenciada. A pesar de que el cuadro clínico evolucionó con manifestaciones clínicas de dengue con signos de alarma y de que la detección de IgM antidengue en una sola muestra indicaba que se trataba de un caso probable que había podido ocurrir durante los tres meses anteriores, la paciente consultó de forma reiterada, pues no presentaba una mejoría significativa. En el décimo día del inicio de los síntomas, se observó edema simétrico en múltiples articulaciones acompañado de dolor, así como lesiones hiperpigmentadas en el surco nasogeniano. Se confirmó el diagnóstico de chikungunya por la presencia de anticuerpos IgM. Aunque puede pasar desapercibida, en los países endémicos para dengue y chikungunya existe la posibilidad de la infección concomitante, la cual puede agravar la evolución clínica de cada una de estas enfermedades. Por ello, es necesario que el médico considere las características clínicas y de laboratorio de ambas enfermedades para diagnosticar su presencia simultánea, garantizar un manejo adecuado y minimizar las complicaciones.

Importancia de las características clínicas y de laboratorio en el diagnóstico de las infecciones concomitantes por dengue y chikungunya: reporte de un caso probable / Importance of clinical and laboratory characteristics in the diagnosis of dengue and chikungunya co-infection: Probable case report

Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 38 años que consultó inicialmente por fiebre indiferenciada. A pesar de que el cuadro clínico evolucionó con manifestaciones clínicas de dengue con signos de alarma y de que la detección de IgM antidengue en una sola muestra indicaba que se trataba de un caso probable que había podido ocurrir durante los tres meses anteriores, la paciente consultó de forma reiterada, pues no presentaba una mejoría significativa. En el décimo día del inicio de los síntomas, se observó edema simétrico en múltiples articulaciones acompañado de dolor, así como lesiones hiperpigmentadas en el surco nasogeniano. Se confirmó el diagnóstico de chikungunya por la presencia de anticuerpos IgM. Aunque puede pasar desapercibida, en los países endémicos para dengue y chikungunya existe la posibilidad de la infección concomitante, la cual puede agravar la evolución clínica de cada una de estas enfermedades. Por ello, es necesario que el médico considere las características clínicas y de laboratorio de ambas enfermedades para diagnosticar su presencia simultánea, garantizar un manejo adecuado y minimizar las complicaciones.

We report the case of a 38-year-old woman who initially consulted for an undifferentiated fever. Although her clinical condition evolved with signs and symptoms compatible with dengue with alarm signs and that the anti-dengue IgM detection in a single sample indicated it was a probable case that could have happened during the previous three months, the patient kept consulting due to little improvement. On the tenth day after the onset of symptoms, she presented with painful polyarticular symmetric edema, as well as hyperpigmented lesions in the nasolabial fold. Chikungunya diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of IgM antibodies. In endemic countries for dengue and chikungunya, the possibility of co-infection exists, but it may go unnoticed. On the other hand, the co-infection may worsen the clinical course of these diseases. Therefore, physicians should evaluate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of both infections to be able to diagnose the coinfection for adequate management and to minimize complications.

[The approach to gender violence from the perspective of communities in northern Córdoba Province, Argentina]. / El abordaje de la violencia de género desde la perspectiva de las comunidades del norte cordobés, Argentina.

Gender violence is a human rights violation and a serious public health problem that should be addressed with an inter-sector and interdisciplinary focus. Collaboration and coordination between sectors, including the health sector, is essential for guaranteeing such approach. The study aimed to learn which actors address gender violence in the communities and to study the communities' opinions concerning the public health system's role in (and approach to) this problem. A qualitative action-research project was conducted with local community self-diagnosis workshops, using various qualitative techniques and thematic analysis. The results pointed to various local actors that address the problem and showed that primary healthcare plays a relevant role, due mainly to its proximity to the population and interdisciplinary approach. The obstacles identified by the communities for the health system approach mainly involved the biomedical model of care, decentralization, and lack of resources, training, and integrated policies. In conclusion, the workshops facilitated the development of collective knowledge on the local reality, underlining the role of primary healthcare and the need to link action and approaches between sectors and communities.

La violencia de género es una violación a los derechos humanos y un grave problema de salud pública que debe ser abordado de forma intersectorial y con un enfoque interdisciplinario. La colaboración y coordinación entre los sectores, incluido salud, es fundamental para garantizar el correcto abordaje. Los objetivos de este trabajo son: conocer qué agentes abordan la violencia de género en las comunidades, y estudiar las opiniones de las comunidades en relación al rol y al abordaje del sistema público de salud ante esta problemática. Se realizó una investigación-acción cualitativa con talleres de autodiagnóstico comunitario local, utilizando diversas técnicas cualitativas. Análisis temático. Los resultados indican que existen diversos actores locales que abordan la problemática y que la atención primaria de la salud cumple un rol relevante, principalmente debido a sus características de cercanía con la población y abordaje interdisciplinario. Los obstáculos identificados por las comunidades para el abordaje desde el sistema de salud se vinculan principalmente con el modelo biomédico de atención, la descentralización y la falta de recursos, de capacitación y de políticas integradas. En conclusión, los talleres facilitaron la construcción de un conocimiento colectivo respecto a la realidad local, donde se destaca el rol de la atención primaria de la salud y la necesidad de articular acciones y abordajes entre sectores y localidades.

A violência de gênero e uma violação dos direitos humanos e um grave problema de saúde pública que deve ser abordado de forma transversal e com uma abordagem interdisciplinar. A colaboração e coordenação entre os setores, incluída a saúde, é fundamental para garantir a correta abordagem. Os objetivos deste trabalho são: conhecer quais são os agentes que abordam a violência de gênero nas comunidades, e estudar as opiniões das comunidades em relação ao rol e à função da abordagem do sistema público de saúde perante esta problemática. Foi realizada uma pesquisa-ação qualitativa com seminários de autoteste comunitário local, utilizando diferentes técnicas qualitativas. Análise temática. Os resultados indicam que existem diversos atores locais que abordam a problemática e que a atenção primaria em saúde cumpre uma função relevante, fundamentalmente, devido as suas características de proximidade com a população e abordagem interdisciplinaria. Os obstáculos identificados pelas comunidades relacionados para a abordagem desde o sistema de saúde estavam vinculados principalmente com o modelo biomédico de atenção, a descentralização e a falta de recursos, capacitação e políticas integradas. Em conclusão, os seminários facilitaram a construção de um conhecimento coletivo ao respeito da realidade local, onde se destaca a função da atenção primária à saúde e a necessidade de articular ações e abordagens entre setores e municípios.

El abordaje de la violencia de género desde la perspectiva de las comunidades del norte cordobés, Argentina / The approach to gender violence from the perspective of communities in northern Córdoba Province, Argentina / A abordagem da violência de gênero desde a perspectiva das comunidades do norte cordobês, Argentina

Resumen: La violencia de género es una violación a los derechos humanos y un grave problema de salud pública que debe ser abordado de forma intersectorial y con un enfoque interdisciplinario. La colaboración y coordinación entre los sectores, incluido salud, es fundamental para garantizar el correcto abordaje. Los objetivos de este trabajo son: conocer qué agentes abordan la violencia de género en las comunidades, y estudiar las opiniones de las comunidades en relación al rol y al abordaje del sistema público de salud ante esta problemática. Se realizó una investigación-acción cualitativa con talleres de autodiagnóstico comunitario local, utilizando diversas técnicas cualitativas. Análisis temático. Los resultados indican que existen diversos actores locales que abordan la problemática y que la atención primaria de la salud cumple un rol relevante, principalmente debido a sus características de cercanía con la población y abordaje interdisciplinario. Los obstáculos identificados por las comunidades para el abordaje desde el sistema de salud se vinculan principalmente con el modelo biomédico de atención, la descentralización y la falta de recursos, de capacitación y de políticas integradas. En conclusión, los talleres facilitaron la construcción de un conocimiento colectivo respecto a la realidad local, donde se destaca el rol de la atención primaria de la salud y la necesidad de articular acciones y abordajes entre sectores y localidades.

Abstract: Gender violence is a human rights violation and a serious public health problem that should be addressed with an inter-sector and interdisciplinary focus. Collaboration and coordination between sectors, including the health sector, is essential for guaranteeing such approach. The study aimed to learn which actors address gender violence in the communities and to study the communities' opinions concerning the public health system's role in (and approach to) this problem. A qualitative action-research project was conducted with local community self-diagnosis workshops, using various qualitative techniques and thematic analysis. The results pointed to various local actors that address the problem and showed that primary healthcare plays a relevant role, due mainly to its proximity to the population and interdisciplinary approach. The obstacles identified by the communities for the health system approach mainly involved the biomedical model of care, decentralization, and lack of resources, training, and integrated policies. In conclusion, the workshops facilitated the development of collective knowledge on the local reality, underlining the role of primary healthcare and the need to link action and approaches between sectors and communities.

Resumo: A violência de gênero e uma violação dos direitos humanos e um grave problema de saúde pública que deve ser abordado de forma transversal e com uma abordagem interdisciplinar. A colaboração e coordenação entre os setores, incluída a saúde, é fundamental para garantir a correta abordagem. Os objetivos deste trabalho são: conhecer quais são os agentes que abordam a violência de gênero nas comunidades, e estudar as opiniões das comunidades em relação ao rol e à função da abordagem do sistema público de saúde perante esta problemática. Foi realizada uma pesquisa-ação qualitativa com seminários de autoteste comunitário local, utilizando diferentes técnicas qualitativas. Análise temática. Os resultados indicam que existem diversos atores locais que abordam a problemática e que a atenção primaria em saúde cumpre uma função relevante, fundamentalmente, devido as suas características de proximidade com a população e abordagem interdisciplinaria. Os obstáculos identificados pelas comunidades relacionados para a abordagem desde o sistema de saúde estavam vinculados principalmente com o modelo biomédico de atenção, a descentralização e a falta de recursos, capacitação e políticas integradas. Em conclusão, os seminários facilitaram a construção de um conhecimento coletivo ao respeito da realidade local, onde se destaca a função da atenção primária à saúde e a necessidade de articular ações e abordagens entre setores e municípios.

Subsample analysis of the Vascular Complications Risk Score at two public referral centers for interventional cardiology.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the performance of the Vascular Complications Risk Score in two public referral centers for interventional cardiology. METHOD: Subsample analysis of the Vascular Complications Risk Score, which was developed and validated in the catheterization laboratories of three cardiology referral centers (two public, one private) with a cutoff of <3 for no risk of developing vascular complications and ≥3 for risk. In this new analysis, we excluded data from the private facility, and only included participants from the original (validation) cohort of the two public hospitals. RESULTS: Among the 629 patients studied, 11.8% had vascular complications; of these, 1.8% were major and 10% minor. Among the patients with a score <3, 310 (94.5%) presented no vascular complications; of those with a score ≥3, 50 (17%) developed complications. Of those who developed vascular complications, 18 scored <3; two of these had major complications. CONCLUSION: This subanalysis confirms the ability of the Vascular Complications Risk core to predict low risk of vascular complications in patients with a score < 3.

Surgical safety in catheterization laboratory. / Segurança cirúrgica em laboratório de cateterismo.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the process of implanting the surgical safety checklist in a catheterization laboratory (CL). METHOD: Descriptive case report study about the safety strategies developed in the last six years in a university hospital in the southern region of Brazil. RESULTS: The six international patient safety goals (IPSG) were incorporated into the care practice in accordance with the hospital's Joint Comission International (JCI) accreditation program, through a continuous process of educational nature. The checklist was adapted considering the characteristics of the unit and the procedures performed. CONCLUSION: The implementation of the checklist provided the promotion of patient safety, greater staff integration, advances in communication among professionals and the recording of in-room care information.

Subsample analysis of the Vascular Complications Risk Score at two public referral centers for interventional cardiology / Análise de subamostras do escore de risco para complicações vasculares em duas instituições públicas de referência para cardiologia intervencionista / Análisis de submuestras del score de riesgo para complicaciones vasculares en dos centros públicos de referencia para cardiología intervencionista

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate the performance of the Vascular Complications Risk Score in two public referral centers for interventional cardiology. Method: Subsample analysis of the Vascular Complications Risk Score, which was developed and validated in the catheterization laboratories of three cardiology referral centers (two public, one private) with a cutoff of <3 for no risk of developing vascular complications and ≥3 for risk. In this new analysis, we excluded data from the private facility, and only included participants from the original (validation) cohort of the two public hospitals. Results: Among the 629 patients studied, 11.8% had vascular complications; of these, 1.8% were major and 10% minor. Among the patients with a score <3, 310 (94.5%) presented no vascular complications; of those with a score ≥3, 50 (17%) developed complications. Of those who developed vascular complications, 18 scored <3; two of these had major complications. Conclusion: This subanalysis confirms the ability of the Vascular Complications Risk core to predict low risk of vascular complications in patients with a score < 3.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o desempenho do Escore de Risco para Complicações Vasculares em duas instituições públicas de referência para cardiologia intervencionista. Método: Análise de subamostras do Escore de Risco para Complicações Vasculares, que foi desenvolvida e validada nos laboratórios de cateterização de três instituições de referência em cardiologia (duas públicas, uma particular) com um valor de corte de <3 para nenhum risco de desenvolver complicações vasculares e ≥3 para risco. Nesta nova análise, excluímos dados do centro particular e apenas incluímos participantes da coorte original (validação) dos dois hospitais públicos. Resultados: Entre os 629 participantes estudados, 11,8% tiveram complicações vasculares; destas, 1,8% foram maiores e 10%, menores. Entre os pacientes com um escore <3, 310 (94,5%) não apresentaram nenhuma complicação vascular; daqueles com um escore ≥3, 50 (17%) desenvolveram complicações. Daqueles que desenvolveram complicações vasculares, 18 pontuaram <3; dois destes tiveram complicações maiores. Conclusão: Esta subanálise confirma a habilidade do Escore de Risco para Complicações Vasculares de predizer baixo risco de complicações vasculares em pacientes com um escore <3.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar el desempeño del Score de Riesgo para Complicaciones Vasculares en dos centros públicos de referencia para cardiología intervencionista. Método: Análisis de submuestras del Score de Riesgo para Complicaciones Vasculares, que fue desarrollado y validado en los laboratorios de cateterización de tres centros de referencia en cardiología (dos públicos, uno privado) con punto de corte <3 para ningún riesgo de desarrollar complicaciones vasculares y ≥3 para riesgo. En este nuevo análisis, excluimos datos de la institución privada y solo incluimos a participantes de la cohorte original (validación) de dos hospitales públicos. Resultados: Entre los 629 participantes estudiados, el 11,8% tuvieron complicaciones vasculares; de estas, el 1,8% fueron mayores y el 10%, menores. Entre los pacientes con un score <3, 310 (94,5%) no presentaron ninguna complicación vascular; de aquellos con un score ≥3, 50 (17%) desarrollaron complicaciones. De los que desarrollaron complicaciones vasculares, 18 tuvieron un puntaje <3; dos de estos tuvieron complicaciones mayores. Conclusión: Este subanálisis confirma la habilidad del Score de Riesgo para Complicaciones Vasculares de predecir bajo riesgo de complicaciones vasculares en pacientes con un score <3.

Segurança cirúrgica em laboratório de cateterismo / Seguridad quirúrgica en laboratorio de cateterismo / Surgical safety in catheterization laboratory

Resumo OBJETIVO Descrever o processo de implantação da lista de verificação de segurança cirúrgica em laboratório de cateterismo (LC). MÉTODO Estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência das estratégias de segurança desenvolvidas nos últimos seis anos em hospital universitário da região Sul do Brasil. RESULTADOS Foram incorporadas na prática assistencial as seis metas internacionais de segurança do paciente (MISP) em consonância com o programa de acreditação hospitalar pela Joint Comission International (JCI), por meio de um processo contínuo com caráter educativo. A lista de verificação foi adaptada considerando as características da unidade e os procedimentos realizados. CONCLUSÕES A implantação da lista de verificação proporcionou a promoção da segurança do paciente, maior integração da equipe, avanços na comunicação entre os profissionais e no registro das informações da assistência em sala.

Resumen OBJETIVO Describir el proceso de implantación de la lista de verificación de seguridad quirúrgica en un laboratorio de cateterismo (LC). MÉTODO Estudio descriptivo del tipo relato de experiencia sobre las estrategias de seguridad desarrolladas en los últimos seis años en un hospital universitario de la región Sur de Brasil. RESULTADOS Se incorporaron en la práctica asistencial las seis metas internacionales de seguridad del paciente (MISP) en consonancia con el programa de acreditación hospitalaria por la Joint Comission International (JCI), a través de un proceso continuo con carácter educativo. La lista de verificación fue adaptada considerando las características de la unidad y los procedimientos realizados. Conclusión: La implantación de la lista de verificación proporcionó la promoción de la seguridad del paciente, una mayor integración del equipo, avances en la comunicación entre los profesionales y en el registro de las informaciones de la asistencia en sala.

Abstract OBJECTIVE To describe the process of implanting the surgical safety checklist in a catheterization laboratory (CL). METHOD Descriptive case report study about the safety strategies developed in the last six years in a university hospital in the southern region of Brazil. RESULTS The six international patient safety goals (IPSG) were incorporated into the care practice in accordance with the hospital's Joint Comission International (JCI) accreditation program, through a continuous process of educational nature. The checklist was adapted considering the characteristics of the unit and the procedures performed. CONCLUSION The implementation of the checklist provided the promotion of patient safety, greater staff integration, advances in communication among professionals and the recording of in-room care information.

Two HEmostasis Methods After TransradIal Catheterization: THEMATIC - protocol for a randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: Randomized clinical trial protocol to evaluate the incidence of radial artery occlusion with two different arterial compression devices after transradial procedures. METHODS: Barbeau's test will be performed in adults scheduled to undergo transradial interventional procedures. Those with A, B, or C plethysmographic patterns will be selected. At the end of the procedure, patients will be randomly assigned (1:1) to receive patent haemostasis with TR Band™ device or conventional haemostasis with an elastic adhesive bandage. The primary outcome is the incidence of radial artery occlusion. Secondary outcomes are Barbeau's test curve change, additional time to achieve haemostasis, incidence of bleeding at the puncture site, pain severity, development of arteriovenous fistula, radial pseudo aneurysm, any access-site complication requiring vascular surgery intervention and costs between the two devices. DISCUSSION: The results of this trial should provide valuable additional information on the best approach for haemostasis after transradial percutaneous cardiovascular interventions.

Antifungal Effects of Silver Phytonanoparticles from Yucca shilerifera Against Strawberry Soil-Borne Pathogens: Fusarium solani and Macrophomina phaseolina.

In the present study, the characterization and properties of silver nanoparticles from Yucca shilerifera leaf extract (AgNPs) were investigated using UV-visible spectroscopic techniques, zeta potential, and dynamic light scattering. The UV-visible spectroscopic analysis showed the absorbance peaked at 460 nm, which indicated the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The experimental results showed silver nanoparticles had Z-average diameter of 729 nm with lower stability (195.1 mV). Additionally, our dates revealed that AgNPs showed broad spectrum antagonism (p ≤ .05) against Fusarium solani (83.05%) and Macrophomina phaseolina (67.05%) when compared to the control after nine days of incubation. Finally, AgNPs from leaf extracts of Y. shilerifera may be used as an agent of biocontrol of microorganism of importance. However, further studies will be needed to fully understand the agronanotechnological potentialities of AgNPs from Yucca schidigera.

Two HEmostasis Methods After TransradIal Catheterization: THEMATIC - protocol for a randomized clinical trial / Dos métodos de hemostasia luego de un cateterismo transradial: THEMATIC - protocolo de ensayo clínico aleatorizado / Dois métodos de hemostasia após cateterismo transradial: THEMATIC - protocolo de ensaio clínico randomizado

Abstract OBJECTIVE Randomized clinical trial protocol to evaluate the incidence of radial artery occlusion with two different arterial compression devices after transradial procedures. METHODS Barbeau's test will be performed in adults scheduled to undergo transradial interventional procedures. Those with A, B, or C plethysmographic patterns will be selected. At the end of the procedure, patients will be randomly assigned (1:1) to receive patent haemostasis with TR Band™ device or conventional haemostasis with an elastic adhesive bandage. The primary outcome is the incidence of radial artery occlusion. Secondary outcomes are Barbeau's test curve change, additional time to achieve haemostasis, incidence of bleeding at the puncture site, pain severity, development of arteriovenous fistula, radial pseudo aneurysm, any access-site complication requiring vascular surgery intervention and costs between the two devices. DISCUSSION The results of this trial should provide valuable additional information on the best approach for haemostasis after transradial percutaneous cardiovascular interventions.

Resumen OBJETIVO Protocolo de ensayo clínico randomizado para evaluar la incidencia de oclusión de la arteria radial con dos dispositivos de compresión arterial después de pasar por procedimientos transradiales. MÉTODO Se realizará el test de Barbeau en adultos que están esperando una intervención transradial. Se seleccionarán aquellos con padrones pletismográficos A, B o C. Al final del procedimiento, se dividirán a los pacientes de forma aleatoria (1:1) para recibir la hemostasia patente con dispositivo TR Band™ o hemostasia convencional con vendaje elástico adhesivo. El resultado primario es la incidencia de oclusión de la arteria radial. Los resultados secundarios son la alteración de la curva del test de Barbeau, tiempo adicional para alcanzar la hemostasia, incidencia de sangrado en el local de la punción, intensidad del dolor, desarrollo de una fístula arteriovenosa, pseudoaneurisma, cualquier complicación en el lugar de acceso que necesite intervención quirúrgica vascular y costos entre ambos dispositivos. DISCUSIÓN Los resultados de este estudio deben proporcionar informaciones adicionales valiosas sobre un mejor enfoque para la hemostasia luego de intervenciones cardiovasculares percutáneas transradiales.

Resumo OBJETIVO Protocolo de ensaio clínico randomizado para avaliar a incidência de oclusão da artéria radial com dois dispositivos diferentes de compressão arterial após procedimentos transradiais. MÉTODOS O teste de Barbeau será realizado em adultos que serão submetidos a procedimentos de intervenção transradial previamente agendados. Aqueles com padrões pletismográficos A, B ou C serão selecionados. No final do procedimento, os pacientes serão distribuídos aleatoriamente (1:1) para receber hemostasia patente com dispositivo TR Band™ ou hemostasia convencional com bandagem elástica adesiva. O desfecho primário é a incidência da oclusão da artéria radial. Os desfechos secundários são alteração da curva do teste de Barbeau, tempo adicional para atingir a hemostasia, incidência de sangramento no local da punção, intensidade da dor, desenvolvimento de fístula arteriovenosa, pseudoaneurisma, qualquer complicação no local de acesso que necessite intervenção cirúrgica vascular e custos entre os dois dispositivos. DISCUSSÃO: Os resultados deste estudo devem fornecer informações adicionais valiosas sobre a melhor abordagem para a hemostasia após intervenções cardiovasculares percutâneas transradiais.

Homocisteína y otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular en niños de educación básica primaria del Colegio Distrital Manuel Elkin Patarroyo, Bogotá, D.C.Colombia. Estudio piloto / Homocysteine and other Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Elementary School Children of the School District "Manuel Elkin Patarroyo", Bogota, D.C. - Colombia. Pilot study

Resumen Objetivo. Evaluar los niveles de homocisteína total (tHcy) y su asociación con otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV) en niños de educación básica primaria del Colegio Manuel Elkin Patarroyo. Método. Estudio descriptivo en 50 niños de 6 a 12 años, seleccionados mediante muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se cuantificaron niveles de tHcy, lípidos y glucosa, se midió presión arterial y se tomaron medidas antropométricas. Los estilos de vida se determinaron con formatos validados y se estableció el punto de corte para diagnosticar hiperhomocisteinemia (HHcy) en la población. Resultados. Las niñas presentaron concentraciones mayores de triglicéridos y c-VLDL que los niños (p=0.05). El valor medio de tHcy para la población general fue de 5.0 (±1,15) -imol/L y el punto de corte para HHcy 6.92 Limol/L. Presentaron HHcy 7.7% de las niñas y 12,5% de los niños. Del grupo con HHcy, 20% estaba en sobrepeso, 40% presentaba hipertensión, 20% expresó c-HDL disminuido, 62% tenía un consumo bajo de carne y 80% alta ingesta de hamburguesas, papas fritas y refrescos. Conclusiones. Aunque la HHcy no estuvo asociada con otros FRCV, es necesario implementar programas que permitan modificar estilos de vida inadecuados.

Abstract Objective .To assess levels oftotal homocysteine (tHcy) and its association with other cardiovascular risk factors (CRF) in elementary school children Manuel Elkin Patarroyo College. Methods. Descriptive study in 50 children aged 6 to 12 years, selected through non-probability convenience sampling. Levels of tHcy, lipids and glucose were measured, blood pressure was measured and anthropometric measurements were taken. The lifestyles were determined with validated formats and the cutoff was established to diagnose hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in the population. Results. Girls had higher concentrations of triglycerides and VLDL-c than boys (p = 0.05). The mean tHcy in the general population was 5.0 (± 1.15) Limol/L and the cutoff for HHcy was 6.92 Limol/L. 7.7 % of girls and 12.5 % of the boys had HHcy. Among this group, 20% were overweight, 40% had hypertension, 20% expressed decrease c-HDL, 62% (31) had a low intake of meat, and 80% (4) high intake of hamburger, fries and soda. Conclusion. Although HHcy was not associated with other CVRF, it is necessary to implement programs that allowto modify inappropriate lifestyles.

Fortalecimiento de la formación pedagógica y didáctica para la enseñanza de enfermería / Strengthening of the pedagogical and didactic training for nursing education / Fortalecimento da formação pedagógica e didática para o ensino de enfermaria

La política educativa actual de la Universidad pública del Uruguay estipula la necesidad de formación pedagógica de su cuerpo académico. Desde el Departamento de Educación de la Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad de la República, se implementa e investiga la formación pedagógica y didáctica del cuerpo docente. En este sentido se realizó un estudio mixto, descriptivo y retrospectivo centrado en conocer la formación pedagógica y didáctica dedocentes de Enfermería participantes del Programa Formación Docente en el período 2010-2015. Se realizó un análisis documental con elaboración de categorías cualitativas a través del análisis de los informes elaborados por el Departamento de Educación y por el Proyecto Formación didáctica docentes Área Salud. Para el análisis de los datos se aplicó estadística descriptiva. En el período estudiado participaron 212 docentes, en su mayoría profesores en etapa de formación. Las temáticas de los cursos transitaron la agenda clásica de la didáctica e incluyeron aspectos relacionados a los nuevos desafíos educativos teniendo en cuenta el contexto y las características de los actores del proceso educativo. Se trabajó en enseñanza, aprendizaje, evaluación, contexto educativo y currículum.

The current educational politics of the public University of the Uruguay stipulates the need of pedagogical training of his academic staff. The Education Department of the Faculty of Infirmary, University of the Republic, implements and investigates the pedagogical and didactic training of the educational staff. In this sense it make a mixed, descriptive and retrospective research, centred in knowing the pedagogical and didactic training of the participants in the Educational Training Program in the period 2010-2015. It was made a documentary analysis with qualitative categories through the analysis of the reports elaborated by the Education Department and by the Didactic Training Project for the Health Area'teachers. For the analysis of the data it was applied descriptive statistics. 212 teachers participated in the period studied, mainly professors in stage of training. The thematic of the courses was the didactic classical which includes appearances related to the new educational challenges taking into account the context and the characteristics of the actors of the educational process. It worked in education, learning, evaluation, educational context and curriculum.

A política educativa atual da Universidade pública do Uruguai estipula a necessidade da formação pedagógica de seu corpo acadêmico. Essa formação é implementada desde o Departamento de Educação da Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidad de la República, e pesquisa sobre a formação pedagógica e didática do corpo docente. Nesse sentido, foi realizado um estudo misto, descritivoe retrospectivo, com o objetivo de conhecer a formação pedagógica e didática dos professores de Enfermagem que participaram do Programa Formação Docente no período 2010-2015. Foi realizada uma análise documental, com elaboração de categorias qualitativas,mediante análise dos relatórios elaborados pelo Departamento de Educação e pelo Projeto Formação Didática Docentes Área Saúde. Para essa análise dos dados foi aplicada estatística descritiva, no período estudado, com participação de 212 docentes, em sua maioria professores em fase de formação. As temáticas dos cursos transitaram a agenda clássica da didática e incluíram aspectos relacionados aos novos desafios educativos, levando em conta o contexto e as características dos atores do processo educativo. Astemáticas trabalhadas foram ensino, aprendizagem, avaliação, contexto educativo e currículo.

Cateterismo cardíaco direito por acesso venoso antecubital guiado por ultrassonografia / Right heart catheterization through ultrasound-guided antecubital vein approach

Introdução: As complicações no cateterismo cardíaco direito estão quase sempre relacionadas ao local de acesso. As veias do antebraço podem ser um alvo para reduzir tais complicações durante o procedimento. No entanto, dados relativos à ampla aplicação desta técnica são escassos. Métodos: Série de casos que relata nossas primeiras experiências com o cateterismo cardíaco direito por acesso venoso antecubital. Resultados: Tentamos realizar o cateterismo cardíaco direito em 20 pacientes com abordagem antecubital em janeiro de 2016. A abordagem antecubital foi bem-sucedida em 19 casos (95,0%). Todos os acessos venosos foram obtidos guiados por ultrassonografia. Os cateterismos cardíacos direito e esquerdo foram realizados simultaneamente em 12 casos (60,0%). O cateterismo cardíaco esquerdo foi realizado através da artéria radial direita em 11 casos (91,7%), e da artéria braquial direita em 1 caso (8,3%). O acesso antecubital foi obtido pela veia basílica em 18 (94,7%) casos, e pela veia cefálica em 1 (5,3%) caso. Conclusões: O cateterismo cardíaco direito através das veias da prega antecubital parece ser viável e seguro. Outros estudos controlados são necessários para estabelecer o melhor local de acesso para realizar o cateterismo cardíaco direito

Background: Complications in right heart catheterization are almost all access-site related. Forearm veins may be a target to reduce access-site complications during the procedure. However, data regarding wide application of this technique is scarce. Methods: This is a case-series that reports our first experiences in right heart catheterization through the antecubital approach. Results: We attempted to perform right heart catheterization in 20 patients using antecubital approach on January 2016. The antecubital approach was successful in 19 (95.0%) cases. All venous access were obtained with ultrasound guidance. Simultaneous right and left heart catheterization was performed in 12 cases (60.0%). Left heart catheterization was performed through right radial artery in 11 cases (91.7%) and through the right brachial artery in 1 case (8.3%). Antecubital access was obtained through the basilic vein in 18 (94.7%) cases and through the cephalic vein in 1 (5.3%) case. Conclusions: Right heart catheterization through the antecubital fossa veins appears to be feasible and safe. Further controlled studies are required to establish the best access site to perform right heart catheterization

Changes in quality of life associated with surgical risk in elderly patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

The study aims to verify quality of life of elderly patients submitted to cardiac surgery, and correlating surgical risk to health-related quality of life instrument domains. Prospective cohort study, performed at a cardiology hospital. It included elderly patients who had undergone elective cardiac surgery. Pre- and postoperative quality of life was evaluated by applying the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Old (WHOQOL-OLD) scale and the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire. Surgical risk was stratified using the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE). Fifty-four patients, mostly men (64.8%), were included, with a mean age of 69.3 ± 5.7 years. The eight domains of the SF-36 questionnaire, and the four facets presented for the WHOQOL-OLD scale showed improved quality of life 6 months after surgery (P < 0.001). No difference was found in the association of EuroSCORE with the domains of the health-related quality of life instruments. The data showed improved quality of life of elderly people submitted to cardiac surgery, unrelated to surgical risk.