An enhancer variant associated with breast cancer susceptibility in Black women regulates TNFSF10 expression and antitumor immunity in triple-negative breast cancer.

Women of African ancestry have the highest mortality from triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) of all racial groups. To understand the genomic basis of breast cancer in the populations, we previously conducted genome-wide association studies and identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with breast cancer in Black women. In this study, we investigated the functional significance of the top associated SNP rs13074711. We found the SNP served as an enhancer variant and regulated TNFSF10 (TRAIL) expression in TNBC cells, with a significant association between the SNP genotype and TNFSF10 expression in breast tumors. Mechanistically, rs13074711 modulated the binding activity of c-MYB at the motif and thereby controlled TNFSF10 expression. Interestingly, TNFSF10 expression in many cancers was consistently lower in African Americans compared with European Americans. Furthermore, TNFSF10 expression in TNBC was significantly correlated with the expression of antiviral immune genes and was regulated by type I interferons (IFNs). Accordingly, loss of TNFSF10 resulted in a profound decrease in apoptosis of TNBC cells in response to type I IFNs and poly(I:C), a synthetic analogue of double stranded virus. Lastly, in a syngeneic mouse model of breast cancer, TNFSF10-deficiency in breast tumors decreased tumor-infiltrated CD4+ and CD8+ T cell quantities. Collectively, our results suggested that TNFSF10 plays an important role in the regulation of antiviral immune responses in TNBC, and the expression is in part regulated by a genetic variant associated with breast cancer in Black women. Our results underscore the important contributions of genetic variants to immune defense mechanisms.

OxDNA.org: a public webserver for coarse-grained simulations of DNA and RNA nanostructures.

OxDNA and oxRNA are popular coarse-grained models used by the DNA/RNA nanotechnology community to prototype, analyze and rationalize designed DNA and RNA nanostructures. Here, we present oxDNA.org, a graphical web interface for running, visualizing and analyzing oxDNA and oxRNA molecular dynamics simulations on a GPU-enabled high performance computing server. OxDNA.org automatically generates simulation files, including a multi-step relaxation protocol for structures exported in non-physical states from DNA/RNA design tools. Once the simulation is complete, oxDNA.org provides an interactive visualization and analysis interface using the browser-based visualizer oxView to facilitate the understanding of simulation results for a user's specific structure. This online tool significantly lowers the entry barrier of integrating simulations in the nanostructure design pipeline for users who are not experts in the technical aspects of molecular simulation. The webserver is freely available at oxdna.org.

Etiología y manejo de la halitosis / Management and etiology of the halitosis

La halitosis es un síntoma, no una enfermedad. Estudiarla requiere un enfoque multidiciplinario. Dentro de su etiología podemos encontrar: ayuno, disminución nocturna del flujo salival, xerostomías de origen diverso, edad, higiene bucal deficiente, embarazo, alcohol y tabaco, enfermedad periodontal, desórdenes hepáticos, gástricos o respiratorios. Su tratamiento debe dirigirse a la causa subyacente; se enfatiza en la apropiada higiene bucal, dietas bajas en grasas, ricas en frutas y vegetales, y abundantes líquidos. Los enjuagues bucales que inhiben el crecimiento bacteriano son una solución temporal

[Incidence of phlebitis in patients with intestinal inflammatory disease undergoing peripheral parenteral nutrition]. / Incidencia de flebitis en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal sometidos a nutrición parenteral periférica.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of phlebitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease under parenteral nutrition treatment (700 mOsm/ml) via peripheral vein. Results will be used to develop an standar protocol. 30 patients were sampled and the cannulation was performed by nursery personnel. Daily, incidence of phlebitis was evaluated with a gradual scale ranging in 5 possible degrees from absence of signs to thrombophlebitis. 86.6% of the patients received the feeding through a Teflon catheter with a fine bore of 20 gauge. Cannulas were mostly situated in the basilic vein. Development of phlebitic signs was proportional to the duration of infusion. When phlebitic signs appeared, via of cannulation was not changed in 33% of those patients.