Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 alleviates liver injury in severe acute pancreatitis by restoring autophagy flux and inhibiting ferroptosis in hepatocytes.

BACKGROUND: Liver injury is common in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Excessive autophagy often leads to an imbalance of homeostasis in hepatocytes, which induces lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial iron deposition and ultimately leads to ferroptosis. Our previous study found that milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) alleviates acinar cell damage during SAP via binding to αvß3/5 integrins. MFG-E8 also seems to mitigate pancreatic fibrosis via inhibiting chaperone-mediated autophagy. AIM: To speculate whether MFG-E8 could also alleviate SAP induced liver injury by restoring the abnormal autophagy flux. METHODS: SAP was induced in mice by 2 hly intraperitoneal injections of 4.0 g/kg L-arginine or 7 hly injections of 50 µg/kg cerulein plus lipopolysaccharide. mfge8-knockout mice were used to study the effect of MFG-E8 deficiency on SAP-induced liver injury. Cilengitide, a specific αvß3/5 integrin inhibitor, was used to investigate the possible mechanism of MFG-E8. RESULTS: The results showed that MFG-E8 deficiency aggravated SAP-induced liver injury in mice, enhanced autophagy flux in hepatocyte, and worsened the degree of ferroptosis. Exogenous MFG-E8 reduced SAP-induced liver injury in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, MFG-E8 mitigated excessive autophagy and inhibited ferroptosis in liver cells. Cilengitide abolished MFG-E8's beneficial effects in SAP-induced liver injury. CONCLUSION: MFG-E8 acts as an endogenous protective mediator in SAP-induced liver injury. MFG-E8 alleviates the excessive autophagy and inhibits ferroptosis in hepatocytes by binding to integrin αVß3/5.

Liver transplantation using magnetic anastomosis in pigs.

Magnetic anastomosis substantially shortens the duration of vascular anastomosis. We aimed to apply magnetic anastomosis technology (MAT) to donor liver implantations in pig orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Twenty healthy adult pigs were randomly divided into donors and recipients, and major vascular anastomosis was performed using MAT during OLT. Recipient liver and kidney function was measured pre-surgery and 12, 24 and 72 h post-surgery. Vascular anastomoses examinations were performed using ultrasound or angiography weekly post-surgery, and pathological examinations of vascular anastomoses were performed during autopsy after animal euthanasia. All recipients survived 24 h after surgery, which is considered as successful transplantation. Anhepatic duration was only 13 min, and no anastomotic obstruction or stenosis, magnetic displacement and anastomotic angulation, or distortion was found upon postoperative examinations of major liver vasculature. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and total bilirubin serum levels increased considerably postoperatively. The follow-up period for this study was 1 year, and the median survival time of all recipients was 115 d (interquartile range = 11-180 d). The main causes of death were liver failure, immune rejection, infection, and arterial anastomotic bleeding. Moreover, vascular anastomoses healed well with a survival time of more than two weeks. We developed a novel magnetic device to create a fast and safe technique to perform major vascular anastomoses in pig liver transplantations. Additionally, the liver graft implantation using MAT considerably shortened the recipient warm ischemia time, which will reduce the extent of ischemia-reperfusion injury. We conclude that MAT is an effective method for donor liver fast implantation in OLT in pigs.

Current status of post-traumatic stress disorder among emergency nurses and the influencing factors.

Objective: To gain a better understanding of the current state of traumatic stress experienced by emergency nurses of Grade III Level A hospitals in Jiangsu Province, as well as their coping styles after experiencing such traumatic events. Additionally, this study aims to identify the primary factors that influence the responses of these nurses to traumatic events. Methods: Using a cluster random sampling method, we enrolled 265 nurses working in the emergency departments of five Grade III Level A hospitals in Jiangsu Province. These nurses participated in a questionnaire survey that included inquiries regarding general information, previous traumatic experiences, and a post-traumatic stress disorder self-assessment scale (PCL-C) for emergency department nurses. Results: A total of 290 questionnaires were distributed, resulting in 265 valid questionnaires and an effective rate of 91.38%. These findings indicated that emergency nurses who participated in public health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic (45.66%) and sudden health deterioration and death of patients (43.77%) encountered the most traumatic events. The top two traumatic events that had a moderate or greater impact on emergency nurses were verbal abuse from patients or their family members (39.24%) and verbal or physical threats by patients or their family members (35.09%). The mean PCL-C score of nurses who experienced traumatic events was 33.62 ± 11.37, with a positive rate of 26.04%. Results from the one-way analysis of variance and multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that the working years, monthly income, and personal health status of emergency nurses were the main factors contributing to post-traumatic stress disorder. Conclusion: Emergency nurses are susceptible to severe traumatic stress following traumatic events, and effective interventions are necessary to address the diverse factors that contribute to their psychological well-being.

The m6A reader YTHDF1 attenuates fulminant hepatitis via MFG-E8 translation in an m6A dependent manner.

Background and Aims: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common post-transcriptional modification of RNA in eukaryotes, which has been demonstrated to play important roles in various biological processes. However, its roles in fulminant hepatitis remain largely unknown. In the current study, YTHDF1 expression was found to be significantly downregulated in the livers among patients, as well as murine models with fulminant hepatitis versus normal controls. Thus, we hypothesized that YTHDF1 protects against fulminant hepatitis and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods: Fulminant hepatitis was induced by D-GalN/LPS in conventional YTHDF1 knockout (YTHDF1-/-) mice, hepatocyte-specific YTHDF1 overexpression (AAV8- YTHDF1) mice, and corresponding control mice. Primary hepatocytes were cultured and subjected to LPS insult in vitro. Hepatic histology, cell death, oxidative stress and mitochondrial function were examined to assess liver damage. The molecular mechanisms of YTHDF1 function were explored using multi-omics analysis. Results: Ablation of YTHDF1 exacerbated hepatic apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and increased the number of aberrant mitochondria, while YTHDF1 overexpression resulted in the opposite effects. Multiomics analysis identified MFG-E8 as the direct target of YTHDF1. YTHDF1 augmented the translation of MFG-E8 in an m6A-dependent manner without effect on its mRNA expression, thereby restoring mitochondrial function. Additionally, administration of MFG-E8 almost completely reversed the YTHDF1 deficiency-mediated exacerbation of liver injury. Conclusions: The current study suggested that the m6A reader YTHDF1 alleviates cell death, enhances antioxidant capacity and restores mitochondrial function in fulminant hepatitis by promoting MFG-E8 protein translation in an m6A-dependent manner.

Rapid Identification Method for CH4/CO/CH4-CO Gas Mixtures Based on Electronic Nose.

The inherent cross-sensitivity of semiconductor gas sensors makes them extremely challenging to accurately detect mixed gases. In order to solve this problem, this paper designed an electronic nose (E-nose) with seven gas sensors and proposed a rapid method for identifying CH4, CO, and their mixtures. Most reported methods for E-nose were based on analyzing the entire response process and employing complex algorithms, such as neural network, which result in long time-consuming processes for gas detection and identification. To overcome these shortcomings, this paper firstly proposes a way to shorten the gas detection time by analyzing only the start stage of the E-nose response instead of the entire response process. Subsequently, two polynomial fitting methods for extracting gas features are designed according to the characteristics of the E-nose response curves. Finally, in order to shorten the time consumption of calculation and reduce the complexity of the identification model, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is introduced to reduce the dimensionality of the extracted feature datasets, and an XGBoost-based gas identification model is trained using the LDA optimized feature datasets. The experimental results show that the proposed method can shorten the gas detection time, obtain sufficient gas features, and achieve nearly 100% identification accuracy for CH4, CO, and their mixed gases.

Mechanism of microwave-assisted iron-based catalyst pyrolysis of discarded COVID-19 masks.

Inexpensive iron-based catalysts are the most promising catalysts for microwave pyrolysis of waste plastics, especially a large number of disposable medical masks (DMMs) with biological hazards produced by spread of COVID-19. However, most synthesized iron-based catalysts have very low microwave heating efficiency due to the enrichment state of iron. Here, we prepared FeAlOx catalysts using the microwave heating method and found that the microwave heating efficiency of amorphous iron and hematite is very low, indeed, these materials can hardly initiate pyrolysis at room temperature, which limits the application of iron-based catalysts in microwave pyrolysis. By contrast, a mixture of DMMs and low-valent iron oxides produced by hydrogen reduction at 500 °C can be heated by microwaves to temperatures above 900 °C under the same conditions. When the hydrogen reduction temperature was incerased to 800 °C, the content of metallic iron in the catalyst gradually increased from 0.34 to 21.43%, which enhanced the microwave response ability of the catalyst, and decreased the gas content in the pyrolysis product from 78.91 to 70.93 wt%; corresponding hydrogen yield also decreased from 29.03 to 25.02 mmolH2·g-1DMMs. Moreover, the morphology of the deposited solid carbon gradually changed from multi-walled CNTs to bamboo-like CNTs. This study clarifies the pyrolysis mechanism of microwave-assisted iron catalysts and lays a theoretical foundation for their application in microwave pyrolysis.

Clinical and genetics characteristics of adult-onset cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis: analysis of a Chinese pedigree / 中华内科杂志

Objective: Clinical manifestations, imaging findings, pathologic features, and genetic mutations of Chinese adult patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) were analyzed in order to achieve a greater understanding of CTX that can improve early detection, diagnosis, and treatment. Methods: Clinical data including medical history, neurologic and auxiliary examinations, imaging findings, and genetic profile were collected for an adult patient with CTX admitted to the Sixth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital in August 2020. Additionally, a systematic review of genetically diagnosed Chinese adult CTX cases reported in major databases in China and other countries was performed and age of onset, first symptoms, common signs and symptoms, pathologic findings, imaging changes, and gene mutations were analyzed. Results: The proband was a 39-year-old female with extensive, early-onset nervous system manifestations including cognitive dysfunction and ataxia. Systemic lesions included juvenile cataract and a tendon mass. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed cerebral atrophy, symmetric white matter changes predominantly in the pyramidal tract, and lesions in the cerebellar dentate nucleus. A novel homozygous mutation in the sterol-27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) gene (c.1477-2A>C) was identified. There were no family members with similar clinical presentation although some were carriers of the c.1477-2A>C mutation. The patient showed a good response to deoxycholic acid treatment. Totally there were 56 cases of adult CTX patients in China, mostly in East China (31/56, 55.4%), at a male-to-female ratio of 1.8 to 1. Multiple organs and tissues including nervous system, tendon, lens, lung, and skeletal muscle were affected in these cases. The most common neurologic manifestations were cognitive dysfunction (44/52, 84.6%) and ataxia (44/51, 86.3%). The cases were characterized by early onset, chronic progressive damage of multiple systems, long disease course, and delayed diagnosis, making the disease difficult to manage clinically and resulting in poor prognosis. The 2 most common genetic mutations in Chinese adult CTX patients were c.1263+1G>A and c.379C>T. Exon 2 of the CYP27A1 gene was identified as a mutation hot spot. Conclusions: Chinese adult patients with CTX have complex clinical characteristics, a long diagnostic cycle, and various CYP27A1 gene mutations. Early diagnosis and intervention can improve the prognosis of these patients.

Design of bionic manipulator for UAV autonomous object grasping / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To design a bionic manipulator to enable precise grasping of objects by UAVs during flight.Methods A bionic manipulator for UAV autonomous object grasping was developed with the components of a shell,a support frame,a rotating gear,a central spindle,a central winding disk,three nylon threads,two rotary motors,three torsion springs,three mechanical claws,three mechanical claw fixing mechanisms,an infrared sensing device and an Arduino development board.The shell was 3D printed with PLA material,and the support frame,rotating gear,central spindle,central winding disk and mechanical claws were 3D printed with photosensitive resin,and the mechanical claws were injected with rubber material to form an elastic structure after 3D printing was completed;the Arduino development board used an OpenCM9.0 controller to provide power supply and control for the infrared sensing device and rotating motor.Results The manipulator developed proved to have the capability for opening and closure,which could complete the process of opening-sensing-starting-grasping in 0.11 to 0.15 s.Conclusion The manipulator developed gains advantages in light weight,low load and high efficiency,and can meet the needs of UAVs for autonomous object grasping.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(11):34-38]

Screening for asymptomatic atrial fibrillation in elder community populations in Dalian: a single center study / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: We aimed to determine the epidemiological characteristics of asymptomatic AF in elder community population (≥65 years old) to analyze the detection rate of different screening methods. Methods: The study was a prospective cohort study. The elder (≥65 years old) residents who voluntarily participated in free physical examination in Dalian community were selected. The participants were randomly divided into screening group (including intensive screening group and single screening group) and control group. The control group received interrogation, medical history collection and routine 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) examination. Screening group received an additional single-lead ambulatory ECG equipment worn for 5-7 days. Intensive screening group received two equal-length wearings in 2020 and 2021 respectively, while one screening group only wore once in 2020. Results: Finally 3 340 residents ((70.7±5.0) years old) which consisted of 1 488 males (44.55%) were enrolled. There were 1 945 residents in screening group, including 859 in intensive screening group and 1 086 in one-time screening group. The control group included 1 395 people. Detection rate of asymptomatic AF was significantly higher in screening group than control group (79(4.06%) vs. 24(1.72%), P<0.001). Higher detection rate was found in screening group than control group in AF risk factors (1 or 2-3) subgroups and CHA2DS2-VASc score (2-3 or≥4) subgroups (P<0.05). Additionally, no difference was found between intensive screening group and single screening group (42(4.89%) vs. 37(3.41%), P=0.100). Intensive screening increased detection rate (7(6.93%) vs. 1(0.58%), P=0.009) only in residents those with low thrombosis risk (CHA2DS2-VaSc<2). Conclusions: Screening in elderly (≥65 years old) can significantly improve the detection rate of asymptomatic AF by wearing single lead dynamic ECG device. The rate increased significantly with the increase of risk factors associated with AF by single screening. In addition, repeat screening of the same method may only improve detection rates in the group with low risk thrombotic scores and non-combination of AF risk factors.Screening methods that are appropriate for different populations may require further exploration.

Screening for asymptomatic atrial fibrillation in elder community populations in Dalian: a single center study / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: We aimed to determine the epidemiological characteristics of asymptomatic AF in elder community population (≥65 years old) to analyze the detection rate of different screening methods. Methods: The study was a prospective cohort study. The elder (≥65 years old) residents who voluntarily participated in free physical examination in Dalian community were selected. The participants were randomly divided into screening group (including intensive screening group and single screening group) and control group. The control group received interrogation, medical history collection and routine 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) examination. Screening group received an additional single-lead ambulatory ECG equipment worn for 5-7 days. Intensive screening group received two equal-length wearings in 2020 and 2021 respectively, while one screening group only wore once in 2020. Results: Finally 3 340 residents ((70.7±5.0) years old) which consisted of 1 488 males (44.55%) were enrolled. There were 1 945 residents in screening group, including 859 in intensive screening group and 1 086 in one-time screening group. The control group included 1 395 people. Detection rate of asymptomatic AF was significantly higher in screening group than control group (79(4.06%) vs. 24(1.72%), P<0.001). Higher detection rate was found in screening group than control group in AF risk factors (1 or 2-3) subgroups and CHA2DS2-VASc score (2-3 or≥4) subgroups (P<0.05). Additionally, no difference was found between intensive screening group and single screening group (42(4.89%) vs. 37(3.41%), P=0.100). Intensive screening increased detection rate (7(6.93%) vs. 1(0.58%), P=0.009) only in residents those with low thrombosis risk (CHA2DS2-VaSc<2). Conclusions: Screening in elderly (≥65 years old) can significantly improve the detection rate of asymptomatic AF by wearing single lead dynamic ECG device. The rate increased significantly with the increase of risk factors associated with AF by single screening. In addition, repeat screening of the same method may only improve detection rates in the group with low risk thrombotic scores and non-combination of AF risk factors.Screening methods that are appropriate for different populations may require further exploration.

Discarded COVID-19 masks-derived-doped porous carbon for lithium-sulfur batteries.

Despite the high theoretical capacity and energy density of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, the development of Li-S batteries has been slow due to the poor electrical conductivity and the shuttle effect of the electrode materials, resulting in low sulfur utilization and fast long-term cycling capacity decay. The modified carbon materials are often used as sulfur hosts to significantly improve the cycling performance of the materials, but also bring high-cost issues. Here, the porous carbon materials are synthesized quickly and conveniently by the microwave cross-linking method using discarded medical masks as carbon sources and concentrated sulfuric acid as solvent. However, poor surface and structural properties limit the application of materials. The porous carbon material is modified with p-toluene disulfide and urea as the sulfur and nitrogen sources by the microwave cross-linking method, which not only improves the porosity and specific surface area of the porous carbon material, but also improved the electrical conductivity and interlayer spacing of the material. As synthesized SN-doped porous carbon is employed as the sulfur host, which exhibits a high discharge capacity (1349.3 mAh g-1) at 0.1°C, the S-porous C/S, N-porous C/S, and SN-porous C/S can maintain 78.1, 43.9, and 59.5% of the initial capacity after 500 cycles. The results indicate that the doping of S and N atoms provides sufficient active sites for the chemisorbed lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) to improve the reaction kinetics of the materials.

Formaldehyde gas sensor with extremely high response employing cobalt-doped SnO2 ultrafine nanoparticles.

Formaldehyde is a common carcinogen in daily life and harmful to health. The detection of formaldehyde by a metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor is an important research direction. In this work, cobalt-doped SnO2 nanoparticles (Co-SnO2 NPs) with typical zero-dimensional structure were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. At the optimal temperature, the selectivity and response of 0.5% Co-doped SnO2 to formaldehyde are excellent (for 30 ppm formaldehyde, R a/R g = 163 437). Furthermore, the actual minimum detectable concentration of 0.5%Co-SnO2 NPs is as low as 40 ppb, which exceeds the requirements for formaldehyde detection in the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The significant improvement of 0.5%Co-SnO2 NPs gas performance can be attributed to the following aspects: firstly, cobalt doping effectively improves the resistance of SnO2 NPs in the air; moreover, doping creates more defects and oxygen vacancies, which is conducive to the adsorption and desorption of gases. In addition, the crystal size of SnO2 NPs is vastly small and has unique physical and chemical properties of zero-dimensional materials. At the same time, compared with other gases tested, formaldehyde has a strong reducibility, so that it can be selectively detected at a lower temperature.

Non-Contact Negative Mood State Detection Using Reliability-Focused Multi-Modal Fusion Model.

Negative mood states include tension, depression, anger, fatigue, and confusion, which represent the weak internal emotions of a human. Negative mood states exert adverse impact on individuals' ability to make rational decisions, which entails the practicable method of negative mood state detection. The most commonly used negative mood state detection methods are based on the psychological scale, which requires additional work and brings inconvenience to the subject in the application scenarios. To overcome this challenge, this paper proposes a novel non-contact negative mood state detection method according to the knowledge of affective computing. The POMS-net model is used to extract temporal-spatial features from visible and infrared thermal videos, and the negative mood state detection is realized using data reliability-focused multi-modal fusion. The proposed method is verified using the HDT-BR dataset collected in the aerospace medicine experiment "Earth-Star II" and the VIRI public dataset. The experimental results on the datasets verify that our method outperforms the comparison methods.

Synthesis of dual-functional CuO nanotubes for high-efficiently photoelectrochemical and colorimetric sensing of H2O2.

Among one-dimensional nanostructures, copper oxide nanotubes (CuO NTs) have aroused wide attention due to their prominent performance in electronic, optical and energy conversion devices. However, the lack of suitable synthetic methods limits its large-scale production and broad application. Here, a new method for preparing well-dispersed CuO NTs with simple operation, mild conditions and low cost was established by integrating the synergy effect of H+ corrosion with the protection of CH3COO- and surfactant. Different surfactants were applied to regulate the synthetic process and polyvinylpyrrolidone-protected CuO NTs (PVP-CuO NTs) owned the best uniform morphology and dispersibility. The synthesis mechanism was deeply investigated to provide guidance for the synthesis of other oxide nanotube structures. As an excellent semiconductor material, CuO NTs can be excited to produce multiple electron-hole pairs under light irradiation, thus catalyzing the reduction of H2O2. CuO NTs modified photocathode realized photoelectrochemical sensing of H2O2 in the range of 1 µM-1 mM. Interestingly, the prepared CuO NTs exhibited wonderful mimic enzyme properties, providing the possibility of colorimetric sensing and point-of-care detection. The colorimetric sensor for H2O2 detection had a linear relationship from 2 µM to 150 µM with a detection limit of 0.62 µM. The successful construction of the two sensing modes not only demonstrated the excellent performance of multifunctional CuO NTs, but also indicated its great promise in practical application.

Clinical Characteristics of HIV-Infected Patients with Venous Thromboembolism and Different CD4+ T Lymphocyte Levels.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics of HIV-infected patients complicated with venous thromboembolism (VTE). METHODS: Seventy HIV-infected patients complicated with VTE were enrolled from Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical University from October 2009 to December 2020 and divided into two groups according to CD4+. The clinical data of 70 patients were observed, including general conditions, laboratory indexes, viral load, antiretroviral therapy (ART) before the diagnosis of VTE, and thrombus treatment. RESULTS: The patients were divided into two groups according to the CD4+ T lymphocyte count. There were 27 patients with a CD4+ T lymphocyte count ≥200 cells/ul, classified as group A (27/70, 38.6%), and there were 43 patients with a CD4+ T lymphocyte count <200 cells/ul, classified as group B (43/70, 61.4%). In group B, these patients included 37 males and 6 females. The average age was 47.1±12.1 years old. The average levels of the following indexes were: D-dimer, 3.5 mg/L (0.7, 6.9); total cholesterol, 4.4 mmol/L (3.3, 5.5); triglycerides, 1.4 mmol/L (0.9, 2.0); low density lipoprotein, 1.9 mmol/L (1.5,2.5); albumin, 31.8±6.4 g/L; CD4+, 66 cells/ul (18, 127); viral load, 12347 copies/mL (27, 203936). Sixty-three patients (63/70, 90%) had started highly active ART (HAART) before VTE was diagnosed, 37 patients (37/70, 52.9%) were complicated with bacterial pneumonia, 16 patients had Mycobacterium tuberculosis (16/70, 22.9%), 13 patients had Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) (13/70, 18.6%), and eight patients were complicated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection (8/70, 11.4%). Twenty-four patients had tumors, and 15 patients had HIV-related tumors (15/70, 21.4%). There were significant differences between the two groups in the time from the diagnosis of HIV to the discovery of thrombosis, the time from ART to the discovery of thrombosis and bacterial pneumonia, and the differences in WBC, PLT, Hb, CRP, PTA, INR, TCHO, LDL-C, ALB, and viral load were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of VTE in HIV-infected people in the last 11 years was 1.4%. In patients with a high viral load, CRP, D-dimer levels, and low CD4+ and albumin levels, 11.4-22.9% were complicated with an opportunistic infection, and 21.4% had HIV-related tumors. There were significant differences between the two groups in high viral load, CRP, D-dimer, and low albumin.

Magnetic-assisted laparoscopic liver transplantation in swine.

BACKGROUND: Although laparoscopic technology has achieved rapid development in the surgical field, it has not been applied to liver transplantation, primarily because of difficulties associated with laparoscopic vascular anastomosis. In this study, we introduced a new magnetic-assisted vascular anastomosis technique and explored its application in laparoscopic liver transplantation in pigs. METHODS: Two sets of magnetic vascular anastomosis rings (MVARs) with different diameters were developed. One set was used for anastomosis of the suprahepatic vena cava (SHVC) and the other set was used for anastomosis of the infrahepatic vena cava (IHVC) and portal vein (PV). Six laparoscopic orthotopic liver transplantations were performed in pigs. Donor liver was obtained via open surgery. Hepatectomy was performed in the recipients through laparoscopic surgery. Anastomosis of the SHVC was performed using hand-assisted magnetic anastomosis, and the anastomosis of the IHVC and PV was performed by magnetic anastomosis with or without hand assistance. RESULTS: Liver transplants were successfully performed in five of the six cases. Postoperative ultrasonographic examination showed that the portal inflow was smooth. However, PV bending and blood flow obstruction occurred in one case because the MVARs were attached to each other. The durations of loading of MVAR in the laparoscope group and manual assistance group for IHVC and PV were 13 ± 5 vs. 5 ± 1 min (P < 0.01) and 10 ± 2 vs. 4 ± 1 min (P < 0.05), respectively. The durations of MVAR anastomosis in the laparoscope group and manual assistance group for IHVC and PV were 5 ± 1 vs. 1 ± 1 min (P < 0.01), and 5 ± 1 vs. 1 ± 1 min (P < 0.01), respectively. The anhepatic phase was 43 ± 4 min in the laparoscope group and 23 ± 2 min in the manual assistance group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that magnetic-assisted laparoscopic liver transplantation can be successfully carried out in pigs.

Porous carbon materials derived from discarded COVID-19 masks via microwave solvothermal method for lithium­sulfur batteries.

With the spread of COVID-19, disposable medical masks (DMMs) have become a significant source of new hazardous solid waste. Their proper disposal is not only beneficial to the safety of biological systems but also useful to achieve considerable economic value. The first step of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of DMMs. It is primarily composed of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate and iron, with fibrous polypropylene accounting for approximately 80% of the total weight. Then, DMMs were sulfonated and oxidised by the microwave-driven concentrated sulfuric acid within 8 min based on the fact that the concentrated sulfuric acid exhibits a good microwave absorption capacity. The co-doping of sulfur and oxygen was achieved while improving the thermal stability of DMMs. Subsequently, the self-activation pyrolysis of sulfonated and oxidised DMMs (P-SO@DMMs) was further realized in low-flow-rate argon. The specific surface area of P-SO@DMMs increased from 2.0 to 830.9 m2·g-1. P-SO@DMMs sulfur cathodes have promising electrochemical properties because of their porous structures and the synergistic effect of sulfur and oxygen co-doping. The capacity of the samples irradiated by microwave for 10 min at 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2 and 5 C were 1313.6, 1010.9, 816.5, 634.4, 513.4 and 453.1 mAh·g-1, respectively, and after returning to 0.2 C and continuing the cycle for 50 revolutions, maintained 50.5% of the initial capacity. After 400 cycles, its capacity is 38.1% of the initial capacity at 0.5 C. It is slightly higher than the electrochemical performance of the sample treated by microwave for 8 min and significantly higher than the sample treated by 6 min. This work converts structurally complex, biohazardous DMMs into porous carbon with high specific surface area by clean and efficient microwave solvothermal and self-activating pyrolysis, which facilitates the development of carbon based materials at low cost and large scale.

Pt Single Atom-Induced Activation Energy and Adsorption Enhancement for an Ultrasensitive ppb-Level Methanol Gas Sensor.

As an important organic chemical raw material, methanol is used in various industries but is harmful to human health. Developing an effective and accurate detection device for methanol is an urgent need. Herein, we demonstrate a novel gas-sensing material with a Pt single atom supported on a porous Ag-LaFeO3@ZnO core-shell sphere (Ag-LaFeO3@ZnO-Pt) with a high specific surface area (192.08 m2·g-1). Based on this, the surface activity of the Ag-LaFeO3@ZnO-Pt gas sensor is enhanced obviously, which improved the working temperature and detection limit for methanol gas. Consequently, this sensor possesses an ultrahigh sensitivity of 453.02 for 5 ppm methanol gas at a working temperature of 86 °C and maintains a high sensitivity of 21.25 even at a concentration as low as 62 ppb. The sensitivity of Ag-LaFeO3@ZnO-Pt to methanol gas is increased by 6.69 times compared with the Ag-LaFeO3@ZnO core-shell sphere (Ag-LaFeO3@ZnO). Additionally, the minimum detection limit is found to be 3.27 ppb. Detailed theoretical calculations revealed that the unoccupied 5d state of Pt single atoms increases the adsorption and activation energy of methanol and oxygen, which facilities methanol gas-sensing performance. This work will provide a novel strategy to design high-performance gas-sensing materials.

Application of the Modified Basic Life Support Training Model in Improving Community Residents' Rescue Willingness in Nantong City in China.

Objective: This study explores the application and effect of the modified basic life support training in improving the first-aid level and rescue willingness of community residents in China. Methods: A total of 94 residents of a community in Nantong city were selected as the subjects by cluster sampling to receive the modified basic life support (BLS) training. The BLS knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of all recruited subjects were evaluated by a questionnaire before and after training. A skill operation assessment was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the modified BLS training. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the BLS rescue willingness, theory, and skill scores before and after the training (P < 0.01). A total of 93.62% of the residents considered the modified BLS training model easier to learn and acceptable than the traditional model, and 92.55% of them thought the training content and teaching arrangement were reasonable. Conclusion: The modified BLS training model could improve the community residents' rescue willingness and skill mastery rates, enhance their first-aid skills and awareness, reduce the risk of disease transmission to a certain extent, and improve the success rate of prehospital first aid to ensure the safety of rescuers and patients.

Ultrasensitive ppb-level trimethylamine gas sensor based on p-n heterojunction of Co3O4/WO3.

Trace poisonous and harmful gases in the air have been harming and affecting people's health for a long time. At present, effective and accurate detection of ppb-level harmful gas is still a bottleneck to be overcome. Herein, we report a ppb-level triethylamine (TEA) gas sensor based on p-n heterojunction of Co3O4/WO3, which is prepared with ZIF-67 as the precursor and provides Co3O4deposited tungsten oxide flower-like structure. Due to the introduction of Co3O4and the 3D flower-like structure of WO3, the Co3O4/WO3-2 gas sensor shows excellent gas sensing performance (1101 for 10 ppm at 240 °C), superb selectivity, good long-term stability and linear response for TEA concentration. Moreover, the experimental results indicate that the Co3O4/WO3-2 gas sensor also possesses a good response to 50 ppb TEA, in fact, the theoretical limit of detection is 0.6 ppb. Co3O4not only improves the efficiency of electron separation/transport, but also accelerates the oxidation rate of TEA. This method of synthesizing p-n heterojunction with ZIF as the precursor provides a new idea and method for the preparation of low detection limit gas sensors.