RESUMEN
La propuesta filosófica de Virginia Henderson define la función de la Enfermera en el cuidado del paciente, basándose en la valoración de las 14 necesidades, y el grado de dependencia e independencia que tenga para la satisfacción de las mismas. Analizar los orígenes teóricos de la propuesta permitió reconocer que no cuenta con los requisitos para ser catalogada como modelo o teoría. Sin embargo, conocer las principales influencias y experiencias que llevaron a Henderson a elaborar su propuesta filosófica permite comprender los fundamentos de sus conceptos y el nivel de desarrollo en que se encuentra dentro de la estructura del conocimiento.
The Virginia Henderson philosophic proposal defines the nurse's work in terms of patient care, based upon the value of the 14 needs. Also the dependence and independence level that the patient has for the satisfactions of his/her needs. Analyzing the theoretical origins of the proposal showed that they do not have the requirements to be a model nor a theory. However, knowing the main influences and experiences that took Henderson to create her philosophic proposal allowed the understanding of the concepts bases and the development level of the knowledge structure.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Historia del Siglo XIX , Historia del Siglo XX , Enfermería , Teoría de EnfermeríaRESUMEN
Although the clinical course of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL)/Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is usually indolent, high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma may develop in a small subset of patients. We have not found any patients with LPL/WM associated with Hodgkin disease (HD) described in the literature, prompting us to report 2 cases. In case 1, the patient had LPL/WM involving bone marrow diagnosed 1 week before left supraclavicular lymph node biopsy revealed LPL/WM and classical HD. In case 2, the patient had a 15-year history of LPL/WM before classical HD developed involving bone marrow, liver, and lymph node. Both cases were positive for IgM, monotypic immunoglobulin light chain, and B-cell antigens and were CD3-. The neoplastic Hodgkin cells were CD15+, CD20+ (case 1), CD30+, CD3-, and CD45- and were negative for Epstein-Barr virus RNA. Both patients were treated with chemotherapy for HD. In case 1, clinical response was excellent with no histologic evidence of HD in subsequent biopsy specimens. In case 2, HD was progressive at last follow-up, despite therapy. Patients with LPL/WM, similar to patients with other types of low-grade B-cell lymphoma, can develop HD that may respond to chemotherapy.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Hodgkin/complicaciones , Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B/complicaciones , Macroglobulinemia de Waldenström/complicaciones , Adulto , Médula Ósea/metabolismo , Médula Ósea/patología , Análisis Citogenético , Femenino , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/genética , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/metabolismo , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/patología , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B/genética , Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B/metabolismo , Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Macroglobulinemia de Waldenström/genética , Macroglobulinemia de Waldenström/metabolismo , Macroglobulinemia de Waldenström/patologíaRESUMEN
Salmonella typhimurium has a SOS regulon which resembles that of Escherichia coli. recA mutants of S. typhimurium have already been isolated, but no mutations in lexA have been described yet. In this work, two different lexA mutants of S. typhimurium LT2 have been constructed on a sulA background to prevent cell death and further characterized. The lexA552 and lexA11 alleles contain an insertion of the kanamycin resistance fragment into the carboxy- and amino-terminal regions of the lexA gene, respectively. SOS induction assays indicated that both lexA mutants exhibited a LexA(Def) phenotype, although SOS genes were apparently more derepressed in the lexA11 mutant than in the lexA552 mutant. Like lexA(Def) of E. coli, both lexA mutations only moderately increased the UV survival of S. typhimurium, and the lexA552 strain was as mutable as the lexA+ strain by UV in the presence of plasmids encoding MucAB or E. coli UmuDC (UmuDCEc). In contrast, a lexA11 strain carrying any of these plasmids was nonmutable by UV. This unexpected behavior was abolished when the lexA11 mutation was complemented in trans by the lexA gene of S. typhimurium. The results of UV mutagenesis correlated well with those of survival to UV irradiation, indicating that MucAB and UmuDCEc proteins participate in the error-prone repair of UV damage in lexA552 but not in lexA11. These intriguing differences between the mutagenic responses of lexA552 and lexA11 mutants to UV irradiation are discussed, taking into account the different degrees to which the SOS response is derepressed in these mutants.
