Terpyridine isomerism as a tool for tuning red-to-NIR emissive properties in heteronuclear gold(I)-thallium(I) complexes.

The polymeric linear chain [AuTl(C6Cl5)2]n reacts with three terpyridine-type ligands substituted with thiophene groups containing N-donor centres in different relative positions (L1, L2 and L3), leading to the Au(I)/Tl(I) complexes [AuTl(C6Cl5)2(L1)]n (1), [{AuTl(C6Cl5)2}2(L2)]n (2) and [AuTl(C6Cl5)2(L3)]n (3). X-Ray diffraction studies reveal that L1 acts as a chelate, while L2 and L3 act as bridging ligands, resulting in different coordination indexes for the thallium(I) centre. These structural differences strongly influence their optical properties, and while compounds 2 and 3 emit near the limit of the visible range, complex 1 emits in the infrared region. DFT calculations have also been carried out in order to determine the origin of the electronic transitions responsible for their optical properties.

Vapochromic behaviour of a gold(I)-lead(II) complex as a VOC sensor.

The reaction among [Au2Ag2(C6F5)4(OEt2)2]n, PbCl2 and terpyridine leads to the polymeric complex [{Au(C6F5)2}2{Pb(terpy)}]n (1). Its crystal structure reveals potential voids close to the lead centres large enough to hold different molecules. The availability of these free sites allows complex 1 to act as a VOC sensor. Thus, when 1 is exposed to different solvent vapours such as acetonitrile, toluene or THF, variations in its solid appearance and its photophysical properties are observed as a consequence of the formation of the new polymorphs [{Au(C6F5)2}2{Pb(terpy)(CH3CN)2}]n (2), [{Au(C6F5)2}2{Pb(terpy)}]n·Tol (3) and [{Au(C6F5)2}2{Pb(terpy)(THF)}]n·THF (4). Each polymorph displays a different emission energy depending on its structure and the presence of metallophilic interactions. In addition, the reversible solvent molecule exchange allows the tuning of the luminescence emissions in the greenish yellow-red range. DFT and TD-DFT calculations were performed to explain the origin of the luminescence of all these complexes.

[Calibrating the SCORE cardiovascular risk chart for use in Spain]. / Calibración de la tabla SCORE de riesgo cardiovascular para España.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The Third Joint European Task Force on cardiovascular prevention recommended the SCORE function for predicting 10-year cardiovascular mortality should be used to guide decision-making on clinical interventions. The objective of the present study was to calibrate the function for use in Spain. METHODS: A model was developed to apply the hazard ratios for cardiovascular mortality at 10 years in SCORE study cohorts to the mean age- and sex-specific risk factors found in the third survey of the MONICA-Catalonia study (1994-96) and to 10-year cardiovascular survival function for the Spanish population based on mortality rates for the year 2002. RESULTS: The estimated risks derived using the calibrated SCORE function were 13% higher than those estimated using the low-risk algorithm. However, the differences between the two varied with age, sex, and, in particular, smoking history. The calibrated SCORE risk chart identified 32 high-risk situations that were not registered in the original low-risk SCORE chart. However, 50% of these situations had a low or zero prevalence. The maximum percentage of subjects who were newly identified as being at a high risk using the calibrated chart was 22%. Most differences were observed in men aged over 55 years. CONCLUSIONS: While risk estimates based on sufficiently large Spanish population cohorts are still not available, application of the original cardiovascular risk function calibrated for use in Spain should enable the appropriate clinical and public health decisions to be taken.

Calibración de la tabla SCORE de riesgo cardiovascular para España / Calibrating the SCORE cardiovascular risk chart for use in Spain

Introducción y objetivos. La tercera Task Force Conjunta Europea de prevención cardiovascular recomendó el uso de la función de riesgo SCORE de predicción del riesgo de muerte cardiovascular en 10 años para la toma de decisiones en las intervenciones clínicas. El objetivo de este estudio es calibrar dicha función para España. Métodos. Se desarrolló un modelo aplicando las hazard ratio de muerte cardiovascular en 10 años de las cohortes del estudio SCORE a los valores medios específicos por la edad y el sexo de los factores de riesgo del tercer examen del estudio MONICA-Cataluña (1994-1996) y a las funciones de supervivencia cardiovascular en 10 años de la población española basadas en la mortalidad del año 2002. Resultados. El riesgo estimado mediante la función calibrada SCORE fue un 13% más alto que el estimado con la función de bajo riesgo, aunque las diferencias entre ambas oscilaron según la edad, el sexo y especialmente el tabaco. La tabla SCORE calibrada identificó 32 situaciones de alto riesgo no reconocidas en la tabla original SCORE de bajo riesgo, aunque el 50% tenía una prevalencia baja o nula. El porcentaje máximo de sujetos nuevamente identificados de alto riesgo con la tabla calibrada fue del 22%, observándose más diferencias en los varones mayores de 55 años. Conclusiones. Mientras no se disponga de estimaciones del riesgo basadas en cohortes poblacionales españolas suficientemente grandes, la utilización de las funciones originales de riesgo cardiovascular calibradas para el país permitiría adoptar decisiones clínicas y de salud pública adecuadas (AU)

Introduction and objectives. The Third Joint European Task Force on cardiovascular prevention recommended the SCORE function for predicting 10-year cardiovascular mortality should be used to guide decision-making on clinical interventions. The objective of the present study was to calibrate the function for use in Spain. Methods. A model was developed to apply the hazard ratios for cardiovascular mortality at 10 years in SCORE study cohorts to the mean age- and sex-specific risk factors found in the third survey of the MONICA-Catalonia study (1994-96) and to 10-year cardiovascular survival function for the Spanish population based on mortality rates for the year 2002. Results. The estimated risks derived using the calibrated SCORE function were 13% higher than those estimated using the low-risk algorithm. However, the differences between the two varied with age, sex, and, in particular, smoking history. The calibrated SCORE risk chart identified 32 high-risk situations that were not registered in the original low-risk SCORE chart. However, 50% of these situations had a low or zero prevalence. The maximum percentage of subjects who were newly identified as being at a high risk using the calibrated chart was 22%. Most differences were observed in men aged over 55 years. Conclusions. While risk estimates based on sufficiently large Spanish population cohorts are still not available, application of the original cardiovascular risk function calibrated for use in Spain should enable the appropriate clinical and public health decisions to be taken (AU)