RESUMEN
Objetivo: determinar la influencia de la hidratación intraparto en los resultados obstétricos y neonatales en mujeres nulíparas atendidas por parto de bajo riesgo.Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional prospectivo en el Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda (Madrid, España). Se incluyeron mujeres nulíparas con gestación única atendidas por parto de bajo riesgo. Se recogieron variables maternas (sociodemográficas, clínicas al ingreso, intraparto y en el puerperio inmediato, resultados obstétricos) y neonatales (datos al nacimiento, a las 24 y 48 horas). Se realizó análisis descriptivo y univariante con los test estadísticos correspondientes. Se valoró la influencia de la hidratación en los resultados obstétricos y neonatales estableciendo un punto de corte en la hidratación recibida intraparto (mediana volumen total administrado por hora: 300 mL/h).Resultados: se incluyeron 148 mujeres. Edad media (DE) 32 (4,4) años, edad gestacional media (DE) 39 (1,4) semanas. Al ingreso, la dilatación media fue de 2 cm. Parto inducido en 65,5% (n= 97). Los resultados obstétricos y neonatales fueron más favorables en las mujeres que recibieron un volumen mayor(> 300 mL/h), con diferencias significativas en la duración total del parto (mediana 526 vs. 735 min; p< 0,001), incidencia de parto por cesárea (14,3% frente 18,7%), fiebre (5,5% frente a 7,7%), incidencia de pérdida de peso neonatal superior al 7% a las 48 horas (28,6% frente a 39,8%), lactancia materna (94,6% frente a 82,4%).Conclusiones: la administración de un mayor volumen de líquidos a mujeres nulíparas durante el parto de bajo riesgo se asoció con mejores resultados obstétricos y neonatales.(AU)
Objective: to determine the influence of intrapartum hydration on obstetric and neonatal results in nulliparous women during low-risk labour.Methods: an observational prospective study was conducted at the Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda (Madrid, Spain). The study included nulliparous women with single pregnancy and low-risk labour. Maternal variables were collected (sociodemographic, clinical signs at admission, intrapartum and immediately post-partum, obstetric results) as well as neonatal variables (data at birth, at 24 and 48 hours). Descriptive and univariate analysis was conducted with the relevant statistic tests. The influence of hydration was assessed in obstetric and neonatal results, determining a cut-off point for the hydration received intrapartum (median total volume administered per hour: 300 mL/h).Results: the study included 148 women, with a mean age (SD) of 32 (4.4) years, and a mean gestational age (SD) of 39 (1.4) weeks. At admission, mean dilation was of 2 cm. There was induced labour in 65.5% of cases (n= 97). Obstetric and neonatal results were more favourable in those women who received a higher volume (≥ 300 mL/h), with significant differences in the total duration of labour (median 526 vs. 735 min; p< 0.001), incidence of Caesarean births (14.3% vs. 18.7%), fever (5.5% vs. 7.7%), incidence of neonatal weight loss >7% at 48 hours (28.6% vs. 39.8%), breastfeeding (94.6% vs. 82.4%).Conclusions: administration of a higher volume of fluids to nulliparous women during low-risk labour was associated with better obstetric and neonatal results.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Complicaciones del Embarazo , Parto , Obstetricia , Embarazo , Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Estudios Prospectivos , España , Estudios de CohortesRESUMEN
There is a lack of consensus in the international scientific community with respect to the most suitable hydration strategies when attending nulliparous women during low-risk births. This paper describes the protocol for a randomized controlled trial to compare two hydration strategies and their influence on maternal and neonatal morbidity. The study population consists of nulliparous women admitted to the obstetrics department of a University Hospital. The women are being randomized into two groups: the "optimal hydration" group, which will be guaranteed 300 ml/hr liquids (crystalloids and bottled mineral water) with a minimum diuresis of 35 ml/hr; and the "variability in hydration" group, which will receive intravenous (alternating normal saline, Ringer's lactate solution, glucose, or Voluven®) and clear (bottled mineral water or isotonic drinks [Aquarius®]) liquids, without any established perfusion rate, and without established minimum diuresis. Outcomes for mothers include duration of labor, cesarean section, fever, and dehydration. Outcomes for newborns are respiratory distress, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, jaundice, weight loss over 48 hr, and breastfeeding difficulties. Analysis will be per-protocol. Administering optimal hydration may improve health and safety for mothers and their newborn and reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity. The study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov. The project received funding by the Ministry of Health of Spain and is approved by the Research Ethics Committee.
Asunto(s)
Fluidoterapia/normas , Trabajo de Parto/fisiología , Estado de Hidratación del Organismo/fisiología , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Atención Prenatal/normas , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Embarazo , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , EspañaRESUMEN
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