Using Principles of Digital Development for a Smartphone App to Support Data Collection in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Physical Activity Intolerance: Case Study.

BACKGROUND: Advances in health have highlighted the need to implement technologies as a fundamental part of the diagnosis, treatment, and recovery of patients at risk of or with health alterations. For this purpose, digital platforms have demonstrated their applicability in the identification of care needs. Nursing is a fundamental component in the care of patients with cardiovascular disorders and plays a crucial role in diagnosing human responses to these health conditions. Consequently, the validation of nursing diagnoses through ongoing research processes has become a necessity that can significantly impact both patients and health care professionals. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to describe the process of developing a mobile app to validate the nursing diagnosis "intolerance to physical activity" in patients with acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: We describe the development and pilot-testing of a mobile system to support data collection for validating the nursing diagnosis of activity intolerance. This was a descriptive study conducted with 11 adults (aged ≥18 years) who attended a health institution for highly complex needs with a suspected diagnosis of coronary syndrome between August and September 2019 in Floridablanca, Colombia. An app for the clinical validation of activity intolerance (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association [NANDA] code 00092) in patients with acute coronary syndrome was developed in two steps: (1) operationalization of the nursing diagnosis and (2) the app development process, which included an evaluation of the initial requirements, development and digitization of the forms, and a pilot test. The agreement level between the 2 evaluating nurses was evaluated with the κ index. RESULTS: We developed a form that included sociodemographic data, hospital admission data, medical history, current pharmacological treatment, and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction risk score (TIMI-RS) and GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) scores. To identify the defining characteristics, we included official guidelines, physiological measurements, and scales such as the Piper fatigue scale and Borg scale. Participants in the pilot test (n=11) had an average age of 63.2 (SD 4.0) years and were 82% (9/11) men; 18% (2/11) had incomplete primary schooling. The agreement between the evaluators was approximately 80% for most of the defining characteristics. The most prevalent characteristics were exercise discomfort (10/11, 91%), weakness (7/11, 64%), dyspnea (3/11, 27%), abnormal heart rate in response to exercise (2/10, 20%), electrocardiogram abnormalities (1/10, 9%), and abnormal blood pressure in response to activity (1/10, 10%). CONCLUSIONS: We developed a mobile app for validating the diagnosis of "activity intolerance." Its use will guarantee not only optimal data collection, minimizing errors to perform validation, but will also allow the identification of individual care needs.

Obtention and Study of Polyurethane-Based Active Packaging with Curcumin and/or Chitosan Additives for Fruits and Vegetables-Part I: Analysis of Morphological, Mechanical, Barrier, and Migration Properties.

Several polyurethane-formulated films with curcumin and/or chitosan additives for food packaging have been previously obtained. The study examines the effect of the additives on the film's morphological, mechanical, barrier, and migration properties. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA and DTGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), oxygen transmission rate (OTR), water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), and the overall and specific migration tests were conducted. The results show that the presence of chitosan significantly increased the overall migration and mechanical properties, such as the elongation at break, tensile strength, and Young's modulus of most polyurethane formulations, while curcumin had a minor influence on the mechanical performance. Based on the results, formulations with curcumin but without chitosan are suitable for food packaging.

Environmental Sustainability Evaluation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized via Green Synthesis and the Coprecipitation Method: A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment Study.

Green synthesis, based on green chemistry, is replacing the traditional methods, aiming to contribute with an enhanced environmental sustainability, which can be achieved using nontoxic compounds from biological resources, such as natural extracts from plants. In this study, the life cycle assessment (LCA) of iron oxide nanoparticles prepared through the green synthesis and the coprecipitation method is reported by following a cradle-to-gate approach. The LCA allowed quantifying and normalized the environmental impacts produced by the green synthesis (1.0 × 10-9), which used a Cymbopogon citratus (C. citratus) extract and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). The impacts were also determined for the coprecipitation method (1.4 × 10-8) using the iron(II) salt precursor and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The contribution of C. citratus extract and Na2CO3 as the precursor and pH-stabilizing agents, respectively, was compared regarding the iron(II) and NaOH compounds. Environmental sustainability was evaluated in human toxicity, ecosystem quality, and resource depletion. The major environmental contribution was found in the marine aquatic ecotoxicity (7.6 × 10-10 and 1.22 × 10-8 for green synthesis and the coprecipitation method) due to the highest values for ethanol (3.5 × 10-10) and electricity (1.4 × 10-8) usage since fossil fuels and wastewater are involved in their production. The C. citratus extract (2.5 × 10-12) presented a better environmental performance, whereas Na2CO3 (4.3 × 10-11) showed a slight increase contribution compared to NaOH (4.1 × 10-11). This is related to their fabrication, involving toxic compounds, land occupation, and excessive water usage. In general, the total environmental impacts are lower for the green synthesis, suggesting the implementation of environmentally friendlier compounds based on natural sources for the production of nanomaterials.

Metal- and metal/oxide-based engineered nanoparticles and nanostructures: a review on the applications, nanotoxicological effects, and risk control strategies.

The production and demand of nanoparticles in the manufacturing sector and personal care products, release a large number of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) into the atmosphere, aquatic ecosystems, and terrestrial environments. The intentional or involuntary incorporation of ENPs into the environment is carried out through different processes. The ENPs are combined with other compounds and release into the atmosphere, settling on the ground due to the water cycle or other atmospheric phenomena. In the case of aquatic ecosystems, the ENPs undergo hetero-aggregation and sedimentation, reaching different living organisms and flora, as well as groundwater. Accordingly, the high mobility of ENPs in diverse ecosystems is strongly related to physical, chemical, and biological processes. Recent studies have been focused on the toxicological effects of a wide variety of ENPs using different validated biological models. This literature review emphasizes the study of toxicological effects related to using the most common ENPs, specifically metal and metal/oxides-based nanoparticles, addressing different synthesis methodologies, applications, and toxicological evaluations. The results suggest negative impacts on biological models, such as oxidative stress, metabolic and locomotive toxicity, DNA replication dysfunction, and bioaccumulation. Finally, it was consulted the protocols for the control of risks, following the assessment and management process, as well as the classification system for technological alternatives and risk management measures of ENPs, which are useful for the transfer of technology and nanoparticles commercialization.

Environmental and Exergetic Analysis of Large-Scale Production of Citric Acid-Coated Magnetite Nanoparticles via Computer-Aided Process Engineering Tools.

Considering that functional magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with exceptional physicochemical properties can be highly applicable in different fields, scaling-up strategies are becoming important for their large-scale production. This study reports simulations of scaled-up production of citric acid-coated magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4-cit), aiming to evaluate the potential environmental impacts (PEIs) and the exergetic efficiency. The simulations were performed using the waste reduction algorithm and the Aspen Plus software. PEI and energy/exergy performance are calculated and quantified. The inlet and outlet streams are estimated by expanding the mass and energy flow, setting operating parameters of processing units, and defining a thermodynamic model for properties estimation. The high environmental performance of the production process is attributed to the low outlet rate of PEI compared to the inlet rate. The product streams generate low PEI contribution (-3.2 × 103 PEI/y) because of the generation of environmentally friendlier substances. The highest results in human toxicity potential (3.2 × 103 PEI/y), terrestrial toxicity potential (3.2 × 103 PEI/y), and photochemical oxidation potential (2.6 × 104 PEI/y) are attributed to the ethanol within the waste streams. The energy source contribution is considerably low with 27 PEI/y in the acidification potential ascribed to the elevated levels of hydrogen ions into the atmosphere. The global exergy of 1.38% is attributed to the high irreversibilities (1.7 × 105 MJ/h) in the separation stage, especially, to the centrifuge CF-2 (5.07%). The sensitivity analysis establishes that the global exergy efficiency increases when the performance of the centrifuge CF-2 is improved, suggesting to address enhancements toward low disposal of ethanol in the wastewater.

Ionic Cross-Linking Fabrication of Chitosan-Based Beads Modified with FeO and TiO2 Nanoparticles: Adsorption Mechanism toward Naphthalene Removal in Seawater from Cartagena Bay Area.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are complex molecules produced by the thermal decomposition of organic matter in anthropogenic activities. Novel composites with enhanced physicochemical properties aim to overcome limitations such as adsorption capacity, affinity, and stability for PAHs adsorption. Composites based on chitosan are promising due to the good biocompatibility and adsorption properties. This study focuses on the facile preparation of chitosan beads modified with iron oxide (FeO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles via ionic cross-linking (Ch-FeO/TiO2). FeO and TiO2 were synthesized performing co-precipitation and green chemistry methods, respectively. The characterization evidenced the formation of Ch-FeO/TiO2 with good crystallinity, excellent thermal stability, and superparamagnetic response, attributed to the presence of FeO and TiO2 nanoparticles. High thermal stability up to 270 °C was related to the cross-linked chitosan network. The enhanced adsorption mechanism of Ch-FeO/TiO2 was determined by removing naphthalene from water and seawater samples. The Ch-FeO/TiO2 showed a higher adsorption capacity of 33.1 mg/g compared to 29.8 mg/g of the unmodified chitosan (un-Ch) beads. This is due to the higher functional surface area of 27.13 m2/g, compared to that of 0.708 m2/g for un-Ch. We found a rapid adsorption rate of 240 min and the maximum adsorption capacity of 149.3 mg/g for Ch-FeO/TiO2. A large number of actives sites allows for increasing the naphthalene molecules interaction. Adsorption in seawater samples from Cartagena Bay (Colombia) exhibits an outstanding efficiency of up to 90%. These results suggest a promising, cheap, and environmentally friendly composite for remediation of water sources contaminated with complex compounds.

Anthropometric values of spanish beach volleyball players in relation to sports performance level / Valores antropométricos de jogadores espanhóis de vôlei de praia em relação ao nível de rendimento esportivo / Valores antropométricos de jugadores españoles de vóleibol de playa con relación al nivel de rendimiento deportivo

ABSTRACT Introduction Since its debut at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics, beach volleyball has grown on the international sports scene. An extensive collection of data from several countries and levels of competition will provide a database that can be used to characterize beach volleyball players and define references for training stages. Objective The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the anthropometric profiles of Spanish male and female beach volleyball players at different levels of competition in relation to sports performance. Methods The sample comprised 150 players participating in the 2011 Spanish Beach Volleyball Championships (Under 19, Under 21, and Senior categories). Using the ranking provided by the Royal Spanish Volleyball Federation, the subjects were distributed by performance level (level 1: players ranked first to fourth; level 2: players ranked fifth to ninth; and level 3: players ranked tenth to seventeenth). The study comprised a group of male players, with 18 level 1 ( M1 ), 39 level 2 ( M2 ), and 22 level 3 players ( M3 ), and a group of female players, with 18 level 1 ( F1 ), 41 level 2 ( F2 ), and 12 level 3 players ( F3 ). Results The top level male sample ( M1 ) had a significantly lower average age (19.33 years) than the men's international elite players (30 years). The top Spanish players of both genders had much lower values for height and body weight than the international elite players. Conclusions Height and fat component are responsible for the differences between top and lower level beach volleyball players, for both men and women. Moreover, as the level of performance increases, players are taller and have a lower fat component. In view of the data observed in this study, the talent selection process in Spanish beach volleyball should aim to select taller individuals than at present. Level of evidence III; Therapeutic studies-Investigating the results of treatment.

RESUMO Introdução Desde sua estréia nas Olimpíadas de Atlanta em 1996, o vôlei de praia cresceu internacionalmente. Uma abrangente coleta de dados de diferentes países e níveis de competição fornecerá um banco de dados que pode ser utilizado para caracaterizar os jogadores de volêi de praia e definir referências para as etapas do treinamento. Objetivo O propósito desse estudo consiste em descrever e comparar os perfis antropométricos de jogadores e jogadoras espanhóis de vôlei de praia, de diferentes níveis de competição, em relação ao rendimento esportivo. Métodos A amostra compreendeu 150 jogadores participantes do Campeonato Espanhol de Vôlei de Praia de 2011 (categorias Sub-19, Sub-21 e Sênior). Ao usar o ranking fornecido pela Real Federação Espanhola de Voleibol, os jogadores foram distribuídos através de níveis de rendimento (nível 1: jogadores entre o primeiro e quarto colocado; nível 2: entre o quinto e nono colocado e nível 3: a partir do décimo até o décimo-sétimo colocado). O estudo incluiu um grupo de 18 jogadores do nível 1 (M1), 39 do nível 2 (M2) e 22 do nível 3 (M3) e 18 jogadoras do nível 1 feminino (F1) , 41 do nível 2 (F2) e 12 do nível 3 (F3). Resultados A amostra masculina de alto nível (M1) apresentou uma idade média significativamente menor (19,33 anos) do que os jogadores da elite internacional (30 anos). A estatura e o peso corporal dos jogadores espanhóis de nível mais alto, em ambos os sexos, apresentaram valores inferiores aos apresentados pelos jogadores da elite internacional. Conclusão A altura e o componente de gordura são responsáveis pelas diferenças entre os jogadores de vôlei de praia de alto nível e nível inferior, tanto para homens quanto para mulheres. Além disso, quanto mais alto o nível de rendimento, maior a estatura e menor o componente de gordura. Considerando-se os dados observados no estudo, o processo de seleção de talentos no vôlei de praia espanhol deve priorizar a seleção de indivíduos mais altos do que atualmente. Nível de evidência lll; Estudos terapêuticos-Investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción Desde su estreno en las Olimpíadas de Atlanta en 1996, el Vóleibol de Playa creció internacionalmente. Una amplia colecta de datos de diferentes países y niveles de competición proveerá un banco de datos que puede ser utilizado para caracterizar a los jugadores de vóleibol de playa y definir referencias para las etapas del entrenamiento. Objetivo El propósito de este estudio consiste en describir y comparar los perfiles antropométricos de jugadores y jugadoras españoles de Vóleibol de Playa, de diferentes niveles de competición, con relación al rendimiento deportivo. Métodos La muestra comprendió a 150 jugadores participantes del Campeonato Español de Vóleibol de Playa de 2011 (categorías Sub-19, Sub-21 y Sénior). Al usar el ranking suministrado por la Real Federación Española de Vóleibol, los jugadores fueron distribuidos a través de niveles de rendimiento (nivel 1: jugadores entre el primero y el cuarto colocado; nivel 2: entre el quinto y el noveno colocado; y nivel 3: a partir del décimo hasta el décimo-séptimo colocado). El estudio incluyó a un grupo de 18 jugadores de nivel 1 (M1), 39 del nivel 2 (M2) y 22 del nivel 3 (M3) y 18 jugadoras del nivel 1 femenino (F1), 41 del nivel 2 (F2), y 12 del nivel 3 (F3). Resultados La muestra masculina de mayor nivel (M1) presentó una edad promedio significativamente menor (19,33 años) que los jugadores de la élite internacional (30 años). La estatura y el peso corporal de los jugadores españoles de nivel más alto, en ambos sexos, presentaron valores inferiores a los presentados por los jugadores de la élite internacional. Conclusión La altura y el componente de grasa son responsables por las diferencias entre los jugadores de vóleibol de playa de alto nivel y nivel inferior, tanto para hombres como para mujeres. Además, cuanto más alto el nivel de rendimiento, mayor la estatura y menor el componente de grasa. Considerándose los datos observados en el estudio, el proceso de selección de talentos en el Vóleibol de Playa español debe priorizar la selección de individuos más altos que los que hay actualmente. Nivel de evidencia III; Estudios terapéuticos-Investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Diferencias entre apoyo social y ambiente familiar en adolescentes con reportes de bienestar subjetivo / Differences between social support and family environment in adolescents with reports of subjective well-being

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la relación entre los distintos factores relativos al ambiente familiar, el conocimiento y el goce de derechos familiares, y el apoyo social con adolescentes altos en bienestar subjetivo. Previo consentimiento informado, participaron 259 estudiantes de escuelas secundarias con niveles de excelencia en el rendimiento académico en una ciudad del noroeste de México. Como resultados el valor de lambda de Wilks = 0,659 y su valor transformado (x2 (10) = 104,14; p = 0,000) resultan significativos. Las variables evaluadas de ambiente familiar positivo y apoyo social, a excepción del conocimiento y goce de derechos familiares, discriminaron significativamente a estudiantes con reportes altos de bienestar. En conclusión, si el adolescente reporta un ambiente familiar positivo y apoyo social, mayor es la probabilidad de bienestar subjetivo.

Abstract The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between positive family environment variables, knowledge and exercise of family rights as well as social support in adolescents with high subjective well-being. After informed consent, 259 high school students participated with levels of excellence in academic performance in a city in northwestern of Mexico. As a result, the lambda de Wilks value = 0,659 and its transformed value (x.2 (10) = 104,14; p = 0,000) are significant. The variables evaluated of positive family environment and social support, with the exception for knowledge and enjoyment of family rights, discriminated significantly students with high reports of well-being. In conclusion, if the adolescent reports a positive family environment and social support, the greater the probability of subjective well-being.

In seedlings of Pinus radiata, jasmonic acid and auxin are differentially distributed on opposite sides of tilted stems affecting lignin monomer biosynthesis and composition.

Plants respond to the loss of vertical growth re-orientating their affected organs. In trees, this phenomenon has received the scientific attention due to its importance for the forestry industry. Nowadays it is accepted that auxin distribution is involved in the modulation of the tilting response, but how this distribution is controlled is not fully clear. Auxin transporters that determine the spatio-temporal auxin distribution in radiate pine seedlings exposed to 45° of tilting were identified. Additionally, based on indications for an intimate plant hormone crosstalk in this process, IAA and JA contents were evaluated. The experiments revealed that expression of the auxin transporters was down-regulated in the upper half of the tilted stem, while being induced in the lower half. Moreover, transporter-coding genes were first induced at the apical zone of the stem. IAA was consistently redistributed toward the lower half, which is in accordance with the expression profile of the auxin transporters. In contrast, JA was mainly accumulated in the upper half of tilted stems. Finally, lignin content and monomeric composition were analyzed in both sides of stem and along the time course of tilting. As expected, lignin accumulation was higher at the lower half of stem at longer times of tilting. However, the most marked difference was the accumulation of the H-lignin monomer in the lower half, while the G-lignin unit was more dominant in the upper half. Here, we provide detailed insight in the distribution of IAA and JA, affecting the lignin composition during the tilting response in Pinus radiata seedlings.

Genotyping by Sequencing for SNP-Based Linkage Analysis and Identification of QTLs Linked to Fruit Quality Traits in Japanese Plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.).

Marker-assisted selection (MAS) in stone fruit (Prunus species) breeding is currently difficult to achieve due to the polygenic nature of the most relevant agronomic traits linked to fruit quality. Genotyping by sequencing (GBS), however, provides a large quantity of useful data suitable for fine mapping using Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) from a reference genome. In this study, GBS was used to genotype 272 seedlings of three F1 Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl) progenies derived from crossing "98-99" (as a common female parent) with "Angeleno," "September King," and "September Queen" as male parents. Raw sequences were aligned to the Peach genome v1, and 42,909 filtered SNPs were obtained after sequence alignment. In addition, 153 seedlings from the "98-99" × "Angeleno" cross were used to develop a genetic map for each parent. A total of 981 SNPs were mapped (479 for "98-99" and 502 for "Angeleno"), covering a genetic distance of 688.8 and 647.03 cM, respectively. Fifty five seedlings from this progeny were phenotyped for different fruit quality traits including ripening time, fruit weight, fruit shape, chlorophyll index, skin color, flesh color, over color, firmness, and soluble solids content in the years 2015 and 2016. Linkage-based QTL analysis allowed the identification of genomic regions significantly associated with ripening time (LG4 of both parents and both phenotyping years), fruit skin color (LG3 and LG4 of both parents and both years), chlorophyll degradation index (LG3 of both parents in 2015) and fruit weight (LG7 of both parents in 2016). These results represent a promising situation for GBS in the identification of SNP variants associated to fruit quality traits, potentially applicable in breeding programs through MAS, in a highly heterozygous crop species such as Japanese plum.

Mechanical response of knee muscles in high level bodyboarders during performance / Respostas mecânicas da musculatura do joelho de bodyboarders de alto nível durante o desempenho / Respuesta mecánica de la musculatura de la rodilla en bodyboarders de alto nivel durante el desempeño

INTRODUCTION: bodyboarding is a kind of surfing that has been growing very rapidly over the last decade and has now developed into one of the fastest growing water sports in the world. OBJECTIVES: evaluate the effects of fatigue on rectus femoris RF, vastus lateralis VL and vastus medialis VM and biceps femoris BF and semitendinosus ST during a high-level bodyboard competition using tensiomyography TMG. METHODS: subjects were 11 highly experienced years of practice: 15, SD=4.65 male bodyboarders age: 28.17, SD=2.89, body weight: 74.83, SD=6.13kg; height: 179.25, SD=3.93cm; BMI: 23.29, SD=1.81 participating in the final of the 2010 Spanish championship. RESULTS: the fatigue is especially evident due to a decrease in the values of relaxation time Tr and sustain time Ts caused by the specific characteristics of waves, how the waves evolve and the type of manoeuvre executed in competition due to the wave characteristics. The maximum radial displacement Dm value increased slightly in all muscles analysed and normalised response speed Vrn was stable, with a tendency to improve as athletes adapted to the type of physical effort and the environmental conditions of the competition. CONCLUSIONS: the study shows that the fatigue in the extensor and flexor muscles of the knee occurs in response to the demands of competition. .

INTRODUÇÃO: bodyboarding é uma modalidade do surfe que vem crescendo rapidamente nas últimas décadas e atualmente é um dos esportes aquáticos que mais cresce no mundo. OBJETIVO: avaliar o efeito da fadiga nos músculos reto femoral RF, vasto lateral VL, vasto medial VM, bíceps femoral BF e semitendíneo ST durante competição de alto nível através da tensiomiografia TMG. MÉTODOS: a amostra foi composta por 11 bodyboarders de alto nível anos de prática: 15, DP = 4,65, idade: 28,17, DP = 2,89 anos, peso: 74,83, DP = 6,13 kg; estatura: 179,25, DP = 3,93 cm; IMC: 23,29, DP = 1,81, participantes da final do Campeonato Espanhol de 2010. RESULTADOS: a fadiga é evidente devido a uma diminuição dos valores de tempo de relaxamento Tr e tempo de sustentação Ts, que pode ser causada pelas características das ondas, de como elas se comportam e ao tipo de manobras realizadas em competição. Os valores de deslocamento radial máximo Dm aumentaram em todos os músculos analisados e a velocidade de resposta normalizada foi estável, com uma leve tendência à melhora conforme os atletas se adaptam ao tipo de esforço físico e às condições ambientais da competição. CONCLUSÃO: observou-se fadiga da musculatura flexora e extensora do joelho em repostas às demandas da competição. .

INTRODUCCIÓN: el bodyboard es una modalidad del surf que viene creciendo rápidamente en las últimas décadas y actualmente es uno de los deportes acuáticos que más crece en el mundo. OBJETIVOS: evaluar los efectos de la fatiga en los músculos: recto femoral RF, vasto lateral VL, vasto medial VM, bíceps femoral BF y semitendinoso ST durante una competición de alto nivel mediante la tensiomiografia TMG. MÉTODOS: la muestra estaba compuesta por 11 bodyboarders de alto nivel años de práctica: 15, DE = 4,65, edad: 28,17, DE = 2,89, peso: 74.83, DE = 6,13 kg; altura: 179,25, DE = 3,93 cm; IMC: 23,29, DE = 1,81, participantes en la final del Campeonato de España de 2010. RESULTADOS: la fatiga es evidente debido a una disminución de los valores del tiempo de relajación Tr y tiempo de sustentación Ts, que puede ser causada por las características de las olas, de como éstas se comportan y al tipo de maniobras realizadas durante la competición. Los valores de desplazamiento máximo radial Dm aumentaron en todos los músculos analizados y la velocidad de respuesta normalizada Vrn se muestra estable, con tendencia a mejorar, debido a la adaptación de los deportistas al tipo de esfuerzo y a las condiciones ambientales en que se desarrolla la competición. CONCLUSIÓN: el estudio muestra que la fatiga en los músculos extensores y flexores de la rodilla se produce en respuesta a las exigencias propias de la competición. .

Características antropométricas de los jugadores españoles de voley playa. Comparación por categorías / Anthropometric characteristics of spanish beach volleyball players. Comparison by categories

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las características antropométricas del jugador español (hombres y mujeres) de voley playa y comparar el perfil antropométrico de estos deportistas en las diferentes categorías en las que se organiza la competición: Sub-19, Sub-21 y Absoluto. Fueron evaluados 150 jugadores (79 hombres y 71 mujeres) participantes en el Campeonato de España de voley playa celebrado en 2011. La estatura presentó valores que responden, en los hombres, a patrones evolutivos propios de edad y morfotipo (Sub19M: 184,50±6,95 cm; Sub21M: 182,89±7,28 cm; AbsM: 186,93±6,58 cm). Este comportamiento no se repitió entre las mujeres (Sub19F: 169,84±6,46 cm; Sub21F: 173,43±5,98 cm; AbsF: 175,28±6,17 cm). El peso muscular aumentó por cada categoría con diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre AbsM vs. Sub19M (p=0,002), AbsM vs. Sub21M (p=0,001) y Sub21F vs. Sub19F (p=0,02). Los valores de peso corporal y porcentaje graso mostraron diferencias menos relevantes con diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el grupo Sub21F (p=0,003) y el Sub19F (p=0,009). Los jugadores españoles de voley playa Absolutos, tanto hombres como mujeres, presentan un peso corporal y una estatura inferior a la de los jugadores de alto nivel internacional. El peso muscular y el peso graso muestran en ambos sexos, en valores absolutos, valores crecientes con cada categoría de edad, pero no se confirma esta tendencia cuando el parámetro se expresa en porcentajes respecto al peso corporal. El jugador de voley playa tiende a incrementar el valor de la mesomorfia con el cambio de categoría, tanto en hombres (3,33±1,09; 3,77±1,28; 4,28±1,07) como en mujeres (2,75±1,02; 2,86±1,21; 3,36±0,92).

The objective of this study was to determine the anthropometric characteristics of Spanish beach volleyball players (men and women) and compare their anthropometric profile across competition categories: Under 19, Under 21 and Senior. A total of 150 players (79 men and 71 women) participating in the 2011 Spanish Beach Volleyball Championship were assessed. Height values in male players corresponded to development patterns appropriate to age and morphotype (U19M: 184,50±6,95 cm; U21M: 182±7,28 cm; SenM: 186±6,58 cm). This pattern was not repeated in female players (U19W: 169,84±6,46 cm; U21W: 173,43±5,98 cm; SenW: 175,28±6,17 cm). Muscle weight increased by category, with statistically significant differences between SenM vs. U19M (p=0,002), SenM vs. U21M (p=0,001) and U21W vs. U19W (p=0,02). Body weight and fat percentage values showed less pronounced differences, with statistically significant differences between groups U21W (p=0,003) and U19W (p=0,009). Spanish Senior beach volleyball players, both men and women, have lower values for body weight and height than international players. In absolute values, muscle weight and fat weight in both sexes showed increasing values by age category, but this pattern was not confirmed when the parameter was expressed in percentages in relation to body weight. Beach volleyball players tend to increase their mesomorphy value with changes in category, both for men (3,33±1,09; 3,77±1,28; 4,28±1,07) and women (2,75±1,02; 2,86±1,21; 3,36±0,92).

Tensiomiografia utilizada para a avaliação de jogadores de vôlei de praia de alto nível / The tensiomyography used for evaluating high level beach volleyball players

OBJETIVO: Esta investigação tem por objetivo coletar dados sobre rigidez muscular, as propriedades mecânicas e contráteis dos músculos utilizando a TMG em jogadores de vôlei de praia de alto nível, assim como demonstrar a utilidade deste método para a avaliação dos músculos responsáveis pela flexão e extensão do joelho. MÉTODOS: A investigação foi conduzida com um grupo de 24 jogadores de vôlei de praia os quais participaram do Torneio Europeu Nestea - Master Espanhol realizado nas Ilhas Grâ-Canárias em maio de 2009. O método de estudo utilizado foi comparação de casos individuais de vários atletas com a finalidade de verificar a utilidade deste método em esportes. Os músculos analisados foram: vasto lateral (VL), vasto medial (ML), reto femoral (RF) e bíceps femoral (BF). RESULTADOS: As informações coletadas nos certificam sobre o alto grau de utilidade deste método para avaliação da rigidez muscular e equilíbrio entre estruturas musculares de atletas. Contudo, a validade e reconstrução dos resultados estão condicionadas a um severo protocolo de avaliação. Além disso, os seguintes critérios devem ser considerados: individualidade (o perfil do atleta) e especificações (características do esporte). CONCLUSÕES: A aplicação da TMG em jogadores de alto nível revela a existência de importantes diferenças dependendo de suas funções em jogo (defesa, bloqueio ou alternância entre ambas as posições), as ações técnicas, a posição em quadra (direita-esquerda) e o histórico de lesões médicas.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this investigation is to obtain information about muscle stiffness, the mechanic and contractile properties of the muscles using the TMG with high level beach volleyball players as well as to demonstrate the usefulness of this method to evaluate the muscles in charge of the knee flexion and extension. METHODS: The investigation was carried out with a group of 24 beach volleyball players who took part in the Nestea European Championship Tour - Spanish Master held in the Gran Canaria, May 2009. The method of study used was a comparison of the individual cases of various athletes to ascertain the usefulness of this method in sports. The muscles which were analyzed are: vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (ML), rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF). RESULTS: Thus, with the information collected we can state the high level of usefulness of this method for the evaluation of muscle stiffness and balance between muscle structures of athletes. However, the validity and reconstruction of the results are conditioned to a strict protocol of evaluation. Moreover, the following criteria should be considered: individuality (the athlete's profile) and specifications (sport characteristics). CONCLUSIONS: The application of the TMG to high level players reveals the existence of important differences depending on their different roles in the game (defence, blocker or alternating both roles), the technical actions, the position on court (right-left) and the medical history of injuries.

The epidiemiologic profile of HCV infected Hispanic patients from the southern area of Puerto Rico since 2005.

UNLABELLED: Seroprevalence studies in adults done in San Juan and Puerto Rico have showed 6.3% and 2.2% of the population respectively, are positive for antibodies to Hepatitis C Virus (anti-HCV). It is been suggested that Hispanics have a lower sustained virological response to current therapy. The epidemiologic profile, the response to treatment and the risk factors to the poor response to treatment of HCV patients have not been studied in the southern area of Puerto Rico. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional analysis of data from 46 medical records from January 2005 to March 2011. We search for sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, the HCV genotype, the human immunodeficiency virus profile, history of alcoholism and the patients who were treated with peginterferon alpha 2b and ribavirin, and their response to treatment. RESULTS: Our HCV infected population is male predominant (63%), and the most common route of transmission were intravenous drug abuse (37%) and blood transfusions (33%). Only 37% reported alcoholism. The most common comorbidities found in our population were hypertension (35%), diabetes mellitus (20%), hypothyroidism (7%) and dyslipidemia (7%). Most common genotype found in our population was type 1 (61%). From the 46 patients, 10 patients were treated, being genotype 1 the most common. DISCUSSION: Overall, our population showed an epidemiological profile similar to other Hispanic groups in the literature, which should motivate us to continue exploring these associations, in an effort to improve the management of these patients.

Coagulopatía inducida por aneurisma aórtica abdominal / Induced coagulopaty by abdominal aortic aneurysm

Este es el informe de un caso de coagulopatía inducida por aneurisma aórtico abdominal. Un hombre de 75 años de edad, admitido al hospital por presentar una masa abdominal pulsátil con diagnóstico previo de aneurisma aórtico abdominal infrarrenal, evidenciado por ultrasonido abdominal. Se realizaron estudios de laboratorio preoperatorios donde se corroboró anemia y trombocitopenia. El diagnóstico de CID se confirmó con base en resultados de estudios de coagulación. El paciente fue intervenido quirúrgicamente y la evolución postoperatoria fue exitosa con normalización de los niveles de hemoglobina, plaquetas y fibrinógeno. Se llevó seguimiento postoperatorio a un año, el cual mostró cambios secuenciales en los niveles de coagulación y fibrinógeno con resultados interesantes.

Pseudoquiste pancreático gigante: reporte de un caso y revisión de literatura / Giant pancreático Psudoquiste: report of a case and overhaul of literature

Reporta el caso de un paciente sexo masculino, de 47 años, quien consulta por distensión, masa y dolor abdominal, al cual se le realiza ecografía y TAC abdominal estudios en los que se corroboró la presunción diagnóstica de pseudoquiste pancreático. En el cual en un inicio existió un gran dilema si se realizaba la punción-drenaje o si tenía un manejo expectante. Se decidió realizar un drenaje percutáneo TAC dirigido, consiguiéndose resultados favorables.

Sépsis por celulitis orbital durante el embarazo. Reporte de un caso / Sépsis by orbital cellulitis during the pregnancy. Report of a case

Expone que se reconoce ampliamente a la celulitis orbital como un evento que exige un manejo rápido y seguro a causa de su alto potencial de complicaciones. La naturaleza de los agentes infecciosos involucrados puede inferirse por los datos clínicos o determinarse por cultivos. La conducta terapéutica se decide atendiendo a la localización y extensión de las lesiones; el diagnóstico por imagen puede ser determinante. El tratamiento de la sepsis en las pacientes obstétricas introduce adicionalmente algunas especiales consideraciones. Se presenta un caso de celulitis orbital en una mujer gestante, que se complica con sepsis y evoluciona fatalmente, a pesar del tratamiento antibiótico enérgico.

Obstrucción intestinal: a propósito de un caso clínico y revisión de literatura

En el servicio de Cirugía del Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín de la ciudad de Quito es atendido un paciente de 70 años cuyo motivo se consulta es presentar dolor en FID con un cuadro similar al de una apendicitis aguda realizandole exámenes que están acordes con este diagnóstico, teniendo el antecedente de cirugía abdominal hace 30 años, que no específica y herniorrafia inguinal derecha hace 3 años. En intervenido quirúrgicamente tendiendo como diagnóstico preoperatorio apendicitis aguda Vs. úlcera perforada, en el transoperatorio se observa una obstrucción intestinal por bridas adherenciales con extragulación y necrósis intestinal de aproximadamente 1 metro de intestino, además ausencia de apéndice cecal. Con este motivo se realiza una revisión bibliográfica que implica etiología, fisiología, cuadro clínico y diagnóstico de oclusión intestinal además nuevos avances en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de este, señalando que las adherencias producidas por laparotomias constituyen una de las causas más frecuentes de obstrucción intestinal presentándose esta con una evolución que va desde un mes hasta 30 años.

Application of a Chemical Mass Balance Receptor Model to Respirable Particulate Matter in Mexico City.

Mexico City frequently experiences high levels of air pollution. This is due mainly to its topography and meteorology that suppress pollutant diffusion and dispersion. The atmospheric mixing is extremely poor, especially during the dry winter months. The levels of certain pollutants, such as particulate matter, are of concern since they have severe effects on public health. Visibility deterioration is one of the most noticeable effects in large cities. Biological effects of particulate matter on man and animals, ranging from mild eye irritation to death, have been reported. The effects depend on the size of the particles, their solubility, and toxicity. The main objective of this paper is to present the results of a chemical mass balance receptor model applied to a well-characterized data set of particulate matter collected in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA). Samples of particulate matter were collected using a denuder and a Hi-Vol system for the respi-rable fraction and total suspended particles, respectively. In this paper the analysis of a database consisting of the chemical composition of 33 samples of respirable particulate matter (aerosols with diameter less than 2.5 µm) is presented. The 12-hour samples were acquired during day and night periods in a typical medium-income neighborhood from December 19, 1989 through February 5, 1990.