ASSOCIATION OF miRNA EXPRESSION PATTERN WITH OUTCOME OF LETROZOLE THERAPY IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS.

Breast cancer (BC) remains the most prevalent tumor and the leading cause of death among women worldwide, despite the advancements in diagnosis and new treatments. A significant challenge in BC treatment is the acquired or de novo resistance of tumors to systemic therapy. To overcome this obstacle, personalized treatment is needed, with a focus on finding biomarkers capable of predicting the response to therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential markers due to their diverse clinical applications. AIM: To examine the potential prognostic significance of miR-125b-2, -155, -221, and -320a expression in the tumor cells of individuals with hormone-dependent BC before undergoing neoadjuvant hormonal therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study is based on a retrospective analysis of the treatment outcome of 56 patients with stage II-III locally disseminated hormone-dependent BC. The real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed on the biopsy material to assess the expression of miR-125b-2, -155, and -221 before neoadjuvant hormonal therapy with aromatase inhibi- tor letrozole to predict clinical response. RESULTS: Most HER2/neu+ BC patients had low levels of miR-155 and miR-221 expression in tumor biopsy specimens. Tumors that responded well to letrozole exhibited lower levels of miR-125b-2 and miR-221 compared to non-responsive tumors. CONCLUSIONS: miR-125b-2, -155, and -221 expres- sion can predict resistance to the letrozole treatment of BC.

EXPRESSION PATTERN OF miR-125b-2, -155, -221, AND -320a IS ASSOCIATED WITH RESPONSE OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS TO TAMOXIFEN.

BACKGROUND: Hormonal therapy is one of the main methods of comprehensive treatment of patients with locally advanced breast cancer (BC). Despite the intensive search for molecules associated with the aggressiveness of the tumor process, currently there are no reliable markers predicting response to neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT). AIM: To investigate the correlation between miR-125b-2, -155, -221, -320a expression in tumor tissue and HER2/neu status and response to tamoxifen treatment in BC patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Expression levels of miR-125b-2, -155, -221, and -320a were analyzed in biopsy samples of 50 BC patients using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: We found that levels of miR-125b-2, -155, -221, and -320a were 1.72, 1.65, 1.85, and 2.89 times higher in BC biopsy samples expressing estrogen/progesterone receptors and HER2/neu compared with HER2/neu-negative luminal tumors. Patients with a luminal BC showing higher levels of miR-125b-2 and miR-320a expression before therapy demonstrated better response to NHT with tamoxifen. A strong correlation was calculated for miR-221 expression and response to NHT (r = 0.61). CONCLUSIONS: The high levels of miR-125b-2, -155, -221, and -320a in tumor tissue are associated with the HER2/neu-positive status of luminal BC subtypes. Tumor samples of patients showing the low response to NHT with tamoxifen are characterized by lower expression of miR-125b-2 and -320a. Hence, miR-125b-2 and -320a could be considered as putative predictive biomarkers associated with tamoxifen sensitivity of hormone-dependent BC.

Efficacy and safety of CT-P6 versus reference trastuzumab in HER2-positive early breast cancer: updated results of a randomised phase 3 trial.

PURPOSE: Neoadjuvant CT-P6, a trastuzumab biosimilar, demonstrated equivalent efficacy to reference trastuzumab in a phase 3 trial of HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer (EBC) (NCT02162667). We report post hoc analyses evaluating pathological complete response (pCR) and breast pCR alongside additional efficacy and safety measures. METHODS: Following neoadjuvant treatment and surgery, patients received adjuvant CT-P6 or trastuzumab (6 mg/kg) every 3 weeks for ≤ 1 year. RESULTS: In total, 271 and 278 patients received CT-P6 and trastuzumab, respectively. pCR and breast pCR rates were comparable between treatment groups regardless of age, region, or clinical stage. Overall, 47.6% (CT-P6) and 52.2% (trastuzumab) of patients experienced study drug-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), including 17 patients reporting heart failure (CT-P6: 10; trastuzumab: 7). Two CT-P6 and three trastuzumab patients discontinued adjuvant treatment due to TEAEs. CONCLUSION: Adjuvant CT-P6 demonstrated comparable efficacy and safety to trastuzumab at 1 year in patients with HER2-positive EBC, supporting CT-P6 and trastuzumab comparability.

[Radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy in patients with renal cell cancer complicated by tumoral thrombosis of the renal vein and vena cava inferior].

Surgical treatment was conducted in 81 patients, suffering renocellular cancer (RCC), complicated by a renal vein and vena cava inferior thrombosis. According to the Mayo clinic classification, the level of a tumoral thrombus spread was established: the 0 level--in 37 patients, the level I--in 19, the level II--in 17, the level III --in 6, and the level IV--in 2. There were substantiated the optimal surgical accesses and technique of radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy for RCC, complicated by a renal vein and vena cava inferior thrombosis. It is recommended to apply transabdominal accesses: the extended median laparotomic, bilateral subcostal of a "Chevron" or "Mercedes" type. There was shown, that the access choice depends on the level of the tumoral thrombus localization.

[Indices of the external respiratory function in patients suffering from hepatic cirrhosis with ascitic syndrome].

The changes of external respiration indices in the patients suffering hepatic cirrhosis, complicated by ascitis and portal hypertension, were studied. Application of method of the ascitic liquor extracorporeal ultrafiltration and sorption with its subsequent return into venous system was proposed. The morphological changes of pulmonary parenchyma, which coincided with lowering of the external respiration indices in the patients, were studied.

[Classification of arterial reocclusion of the femoro-popliteo-tibial segment for the choice of the reconstruction method].

The literature data, concerning the issues of terminology and classification of occlusion and reocclusion of the femoro-popliteo-tibial segment arteries were analyzed. Basing on analysis of the results of clinico-instrumental investigations performed, classification of the femoro-popliteo-tibial segment arteries reocclusion was proposed, which it is expedient to apply while making choice of the rereconstruction method.

[Albumin-mediated peritoneal dialysis as method of restorational therapy in hepatic insufficiency].

New method of extracorporeal detoxication of organism, which is applied for temporary restoration of hepatic detoxication function in patients with hepatic insufficiency, albumin-mediated peritoneal dialysis, was presented. The main principle of this technology is a transfer through highly permeable dialysis membrane of toxins, which are in affinity with albumin, from the blood to acceptor. The donor's human albumin, circulating in the closed contour, serves as acceptor. The watersoluble lowmolecular substances are excreted according to the concentration gradient. For rapid restoration of acceptoral ability of the donor's albumin solution it was subjected to hemodialysis and carboperfusion. The performance of the procedure guarantees excretion of toxins, combined with albumin, along with excretion of watersoluble toxins.

[Surgical treatment of chronic venous insufficiency]. / Khirurhichne likuvannia khronichnoï venoznoï nedostatnosti.

Results of surgical treatment of 700 patients with chronic venous insufficiency of the lower extremities are presented. Subfascial endoscopic ligature of perforating veins and catheteric truncal sclerotherapy of v. saphena magna was applied by the authors side by side with traditional operations--venectomy and ligature of perforating veins. In the patients, treated using miniinvasive methods, the lowest frequency of purulent postoperative complications, the veins varicosis and the trophic ulcers recurrence was registered. Good immediate and late follow-up results achieved are due to meticulous selection of patients depending on the venous insufficiency stage and the deep venous system passability. It is necessary to proceed with further investigation of possibilities of the perforating veins endoscopic subfascial ligature and of catheteric truncal sclerotherapy performance in other stages of the disease.

[The ultrasonographic confirmation of the role of external carotid artery in blood supply of ischemic lesion in the big cerebral hemisphere]. / Dopplerohrafichne pidtverdzhennia znachenia zovnishn'o]i sonnoï arteriï v krovopostachanni ishemizovannoï pivkuli velykoho mozku.

Using intraoperative monitoring of the blood flow linear speed in a. cerebralis media while total a. carotis interna occlusion in 10 patients the authors have concluded, that the degree of blood flow compensation in a. cerebralis media depends not only on collateral compensation possibilities by the contralateral side and rate of it inclusion, but largely-on a. carotis externa possibility on the lesion side.