Factores asociados al desempeño laboral en el personal de salud del Hospital Materno Infantil Carlos Showing Ferrari, Huánuco 2022 / Factors associated with work performance among the health personnel of Hospital Materno Infantil Carlos Showing Ferrari, Huánuco, 2022

RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados al desempeño laboral en el personal de salud del Hospital Carlos Showing Ferrari, Huánuco, periodo 2022. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, correlacional y prospectivo, cuya población estuvo constituida por 146 profesionales de la salud y su muestra, por 86. La información se recolectó mediante un cuestionario, donde la variable desempeño laboral fue evaluada con la escala de desempeño laboral individual de Koopmans et al. (Individual Work Performance Questionaire), validada y con confiabilidad alfa de Cronbach mayor a 0,8, y los factores fueron sociodemográficos, laborares y académicos. El análisis estadístico de los datos se realizó mediante la prueba de chi cuadrado, evaluado en el programa SPSS, versión 25. Resultados: Se evidenció que la gran parte de los profesionales de salud mostró un desempeño laboral de nivel muy alto (60,47 %). De manera inferencial, los factores sociodemográficos como las edades de 31 a 45 años (p = 0,027) y de 46 a 60 años (p = 0,045) se asociaron de manera significativa al desempeño laboral de nivel muy alto. En relación con los factores laborales, el tiempo laboral mayor e igual a 21 años (p = 0,049) fue el único factor asociado de manera significativa al desempeño laboral de nivel muy alto. No hubo asociación entre los factores académicos y el desempeño laboral de nivel muy alto (p > 0,05). Conclusiones: Los factores asociados significativamente al desempeño laboral de nivel muy alto en el personal de salud fueron las edades de 31 a 45 años y de 46 a 60 años y el tiempo laboral mayor e igual a 21 años.

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the factors associated with work performance among the health personnel of Hospital Materno Infantil Carlos Showing Ferrari, Huánuco, in 2022. Materials and methods: An observational, correlational and prospective study with a population of 146 health professionals and a sample size of 86 individuals. The information was collected through a questionnaire, where the variable work performance was evaluated with the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire by Koopmans et al. and validated with Cronbach's Alpha greater than 0.8. The factors analyzed encompassed sociodemographic, work-related and academic variables. The statistical analysis was conducted using the chi-square test and the data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics V25. Results: Most health professionals showed a very high-level work performance (60.47 %). Inferentially, sociodemographic factors such as age 31 to 45 years (p = 0.027) and 46 to 60 years (p = 0.045) were significantly associated with a very high-level work performance. Concerning work-related factors, work time greater than and equal to 21 years (p = 0.049) was the only factor significantly associated with a very high-level work performance. There was no association between academic factors and a very high-level work performance (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The factors significantly associated with a very high-level work performance among the health personnel were age 31 to 45 years and 46 to 60 years and work time greater than and equal to 21 years.

Crude Extracts of Pleurotus Spp. and the Presence of Their Proteins in the Ovicidal and Larvicidal Activity of Haemonchus contortus.

Mushrooms of the genus Pleurotus have shown nematophagous activity as it produces many chemical compounds and enzymes affecting parasitic nematodes. This study aimed to extract the inhibitory activity of the five strains of the fungus Pleurotus spp. It was evaluated against eggs and larvae of Haemonchus contortus. The extract of P. ostreatus obtained the highest level of inhibition of eggs at 97.6% (1341 µg/mL) followed by P. pulmonarius (EPP) at 81.2% (774 µg/mL). The extract selected for evaluation against larvae was P. pulmonarius, showing no effect for L3 larvae, but for L4 larvae an immobility effect of 56.93% was observed at 900 µg/mL. The protein profile showed the presence of 23 protein bands in the extract. The crude extract of P. pulmonarius showed degradation of tissues both inside the eggs and larvae L1. Metabolites produced by Pleurotus mushrooms can consider using in agriculture sustainable by utilizing in producing of ovicidal and larvicidal against H. contortus instead of chemical compounds.

The Possible Biotechnological Use of Edible Mushroom Bioproducts for Controlling Plant and Animal Parasitic Nematodes.

The present paper reviewed publications on the nematocidal activity of edible mushrooms (EM) and their potential use as sustainable tools for the control of parasitic nematodes affecting agriculture and livestock industry. Nematodes are organisms living in the soil and animals' guts where they may live as parasites severely affecting economically important crops and farm animals, thus causing economic losses to worldwide agriculture. Traditionally, parasitic nematodes have been controlled using commercial pesticides and anthelmintic (AH) drugs. Over the years, nematodes developed resistance to the AH drugs, reducing the usefulness of many commercial drugs. Also, the use of pesticides/anthelmintic drugs to control nematodes can have important negative impacts on the environment. Different EM have been not only used as food but also studied as alternative methods for controlling several diseases including parasitic nematodes. The present paper reviewed publications from the last decades about the nematocidal activity of EM and assessed their potential use as sustainable tools for the control of nematodes affecting agriculture and livestock industry. A reduced number of reports on the effect of EM against nematodes were found, and an even smaller number of reports regarding the potential AH activity of chemical compounds isolated from EM products were found. However, those studies have produced promising results that certainly deserve further investigation. It is concluded that EM, their fractions and extracts, and some compounds contained in them may have biotechnological application for the control of animal and plant parasitic nematodes.

Uso de la ampicilina + amoxicilina post-cesarea “limpia” y su influencia en la morbilidad materna en el Hospital “Carlos Showing Ferrari”, 1994 - Julio 1997 / Using ampicillin + amoxicillin post cesarea clean and influence in morbidity maternal Hospital

Con la finalidad de estudiar la efectividad del uso de la ampicilina post-cesárea “limpia” y su influencia en la morbilidad materna en el Hospital “Carlos Showing Ferrari” se realizó un estudio retrospectivo que abarcó cuatro años (enero de 1994 a julio de 1997). El estudio consistió en la revisión de todas las historias clínicas de pacientes operadas con cesárea “limpia”. Durante este periodo se atendió un total de 1850 partos de los cuales 146 terminaron en cesárea, de las que 62 fueron “limpias”. Se utilizó ampicilina en el siguiente esquema: 4gr E/V (1gr c/6h) durante las primeras 24 horas post-cesárea y luego en el 2do y 3er día post-operatorio amoxicilina V/O (500 mg c/8h) este esquema se cumplió en las 62 pacientes operadas de cesárea “limpia”. Se presentó morbilidad infecciosa en un total de 3 casos, lo que significa una incidencia de 4.83% de morbilidad post-cesárea “limpia”. Entre las principales causas de la morbilidad figuran: la endometritis (2 -3.22%) y la infección de la herida post-operatoria (1 -1.61%). Estos datos evidencian que el uso post operatorio de ampicilina+amoxicilina es altamente efectivo en la prevención de morbilidad infecciosa post cesárea “limpia”. Entre las principales indicaciones para cesárea “limpia” tenemos: desproporción feto-pélvica (17 -27.41%), sufrimiento fetal (16 -25.80%), cesárea anterior (9 -14.51%), situación transversa (8 -12.90%) entre otras.

To assess the effectiveness of the use of postcesarean ampicilin "clean" and its influence on maternal morbidity in the Hospital "Carlos Showing Ferrari" was a retrospective study that spanned four years (January 1994 to July 1997). The study consisted of reviewing all the medical records of patients operated cesarean "clean." During this period a total of 1850 deliveries of which ended in cesarean section 146, of which 62 were "fair". Ampicillin was used in the following schedule: 4gr E/V (1gr c/6h) during the first 24 hours after cesarean section and then on the 2nd and 3rd day post-operative amoxicillin V/O (500 mg c/8h) this scheme was met in the 62 patients operated cesarean "clean." Infectious disease was presented in a total of 3 cases, which means a 4.83% incidence of morbidity after cesarean "clean." Among the leading causes of morbidity include endometritis (2 -3.22%) and wound infection post-operative (1 -1.61%). These data show that the use of postoperative ampicillin + amoxicillin is highly effective in preventing infectious morbidity after cesarean "clean." Among the main indications for cesarean section "clean" are: fetal-pelvic disproportion (17 -27.41%), fetal distress (16 - 25.80%), previous caesarean section (9 - 14.51%), transverse position (8 -12.90%) among others.

Producción natural de Cookeina sulcipes (Ascomycotina, pezizales) en la región de Tapachula, Chiapas (México) / Natural production of Cookeina sulcipes (Ascomycotina, pezizales) in the Tapachula region, Chiapas (Mexico)

Se evaluó la producción del hongo comestible Cookeina sulcipes, en dos cuadrados de 100 m² cada uno, en una plantación de cacao dentro de la región tropical de Tapachula, Chiapas. La producción de cuerpos fructíferos de 31.7864.62 kg/ha