Alterations in Brain Network Organization in Adults With Obesity as Compared With Healthy-Weight Individuals and Seniors.

OBJECTIVE: Life expectancy and obesity rates have drastically increased in recent years. An unhealthy weight is related to long-lasting medical disorders that might compromise the normal course of aging. The aim of the current study of brain connectivity patterns was to examine whether adults with obesity would show signs of premature aging, such as lower segregation, in large-scale networks. METHODS: Participants with obesity (n = 30, mean age = 32.8 ± 5.68 years) were compared with healthy-weight controls (n = 33, mean age = 30.9 ± 6.24 years) and senior participants who were stroke-free and without dementia (n = 30, mean age = 67.1 ± 6.65 years) using resting-state magnetic resonance imaging and graph theory metrics (i.e., small-world index, clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, and degree). RESULTS: Contrary to our hypothesis, participants with obesity exhibited a higher clustering coefficient compared with senior participants (t = 5.06, p < .001, d = 1.23, 95% CIbca = 0.64 to 1.88). Participants with obesity also showed lower global degree relative to seniors (t = -2.98, p = .014, d = -0.77, 95% CIbca = -1.26 to -0.26) and healthy-weight controls (t = -2.92, p = .019, d = -0.72, 95% CIbca = -1.19 to -0.25). Regional degree alterations in this group were present in several functional networks. CONCLUSIONS: Participants with obesity displayed greater network clustering than did seniors and also had lower degree compared with seniors and individuals with normal weight, which is not consistent with the notion that obesity is associated with premature aging of the brain. Although the cross-sectional nature of the study precludes causal inference, the overly clustered network patterns in obese participants could be relevant to age-related changes in brain function because regular networks might be less resilient and metabolically inefficient.

Pediatría Catalana. Enquesta d'opinió als residents de pediatria / Pediatria catalana. Encuesta de opinión a los residentes de pediatría / Pediatria catalana. An opinion survey among pediatrics redidents

Fonament: PEDIATRIA CATALANA (PC), publicació oficial de la Societat Catalana de Pediatria (SCP), consulta periòdicament els seus socis sobre la revista. Objectiu: Conèixer l'opinió dels residents de pediatria sobre PC. Mètode: Entre desembre del 2015 i gener del 2016 es va enviar una enquesta via web a 151 residents de pediatria de disset hospitals catalans. L'enquesta constava de tres apartats: dades personals, grau de coneixement del català i, finalment, opinió sobre la qualitat i les seccions de la revista. Resultats: Van contestar 61 enquestats (53 dones, 8 homes), de catorze hospitals, pràcticament tots de Barcelona i àrea metropolitana. La majoria dels enquestats (95%) tenien entre 25 i 30 anys, i en el mateix percentatge eren de nacionalitat espanyola. El 75% dels enquestats van manifestar un grau de coneixement del català alt (75% l'escriuen), i és l'idioma habitual del 62,2%. Respecte a la revista, només dos enquestats (3,3%) la desconeixen. Per contra, el 74% dels que la coneixen, la llegeixen. Les seccions considerades més interessants són els casos clínics, en les dues modalitats de presentació: Cas clínic i Quin és el seu diagnòstic, seguides de les seccions de Formació continuada, els articles de revisió i els treballs originals. La limitació principal de l'estudi va ser la baixa participació. Conclusions: La falta d'informació és el motiu principal de queixa per no conèixer, llegir o participar en la revista. Casos clínics i Formació continuada són les seccions preferides per als lectors residents i les que consideren que caldria potenciar

Fundamento: PEDIATRIA CATALANA (PC), publicación oficial de la Sociedad Catalana de Pediatría (SCP), consulta periódicamente a sus socios sobre la revista. Objetivo: Conocer la opinión de los residentes de pediatría sobre PC. Método: Entre diciembre de 2015 y enero de 2016 se envió una encuesta vía web a 151 residentes de pediatría de diecisiete hospitales catalanes. La encuesta constaba de tres apartados: datos personales, grado de comprensión del catalán y, finalmente, opinión sobre la calidad y las secciones de la revista. Resultados: Contestaron 61 encuestados (53 mujeres, 8 hombres), de catorce hospitales, prácticamente todos de Barcelona y área metropolitana. La mayoría de los encuestados (95%) tenían entre 25 y 30 años, y con el mismo porcentaje eran de nacionalidad española. El 75% manifestaron un grado de conocimiento del catalán alto (75% lo escriben), y era el idioma habitual del 62,2% de los encuestados. Respecto a la revista, sólo dos encuestados (3,3%) la desconocen. Por el contrario, el 74% de los que la conocen, la leen. Las secciones consideradas más interesantes son los casos clínicos, en las dos modalidades de presentación: Caso clínico y "Quin és el seu diagnòstic?" seguidas de las secciones de Formación continuada, artículos de revisión y trabajos originales. La principal limitación del estudio fue la baja participación. Conclusiones: La falta de información es el principal motivo de queja para no conocer, leer o participar en la revista. Casos clínicos y Formación continuada son las secciones preferidas por los residentes lectores y las que consideran que se habrían de potenciar

Background: Pediatria Catalana (PC), the official journal of the Catalan Society of Pediatrics, conducts regular surveys about the journal among its members. Objective: To obtain the opinion of Pediatrics residents about PC. Method: Between December 2015 and January 2016, a survey was sent electronically to 151 Pediatrics residents of 17 Catalan hospitals. The survey consisted of three sections: personal data, Catalan proficiency, and questions about the quality and sections of the journal. Results: There were 61 respondents (53 females) from 14 hospitals, most of them in Barcelona and its metropolitan area. The majority of respondents (95%) were aged between 25 and 30 years, 95% were Spanish, 75% demonstrated proficiency in Catalan (75% in writing), and 62% considered Catalan their primary language. Only 2 respondents (3.3%) were not aware of the journal, and 74% of respondents read it regularly. The most interesting sections were the clinical case descriptions in their two presentation formats, "Case Report" and "What is Your Diagnosis?", followed by "Continuous Medical Education", "Review Article", and "Original Article". The main limitation of this study was its low response rate. Conclusions: The lack of information is the main reason for not knowing, not reading, or not participating in the journal. Case reports and continuous medical education are the most popular sections among the residents and should be potentiated