RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Patients with obesity have an increased risk for adverse COVID-19 outcomes. Body mass index (BMI) does not acknowledge the health burden associated this disease. The performance of the Edmonton Obesity Staging System (EOSS), a clinical classification tool that assesses obesity-related comorbidity, is compared with BMI, with respect to adverse COVID-19 outcomes. METHODS: 1071 patients were evaluated in 11 COVID-19 hospitals in Mexico. Patients were classified into EOSS stages. Adjusted risk factors for COVID-19 outcomes were calculated and survival analysis for mechanical ventilation and death was carried out according to EOSS stage and BMI category. RESULTS: The risk for intubation was higher in patients with EOSS stages 2 and 4 (HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.02-1.97 and 2.78, 95% CI 1.83-4.24), and in patients with BMI classes II and III (HR 1.71, 95% CI 1.06-2.74, and 2.62, 95% CI 1.65-4.17). Mortality rates were significantly lower in patients with EOSS stages 0 and 1 (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.42-0.92) and higher in patients with BMI class III (HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.03-2.42). In patients with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, the risk for intubation increased with progressive EOSS stages. Only individuals in BMI class III showed an increased risk for intubation (HR 2.24, 95% CI 1.50-3.34). Mortality risk was increased in EOSS stages 2 and 4 compared to EOSS 0 and 1, and in patients with BMI class II and III, compared to patients with overweight. CONCLUSIONS: EOSS was associated with adverse COVID-19 outcomes, and it distinguished risks beyond BMI. Patients with overweight and obesity in EOSS stages 0 and 1 had a lower risk than patients with normal weight. BMI does not adequately reflect adipose tissue-associated disease, it is not ideal for guiding chronic-disease management.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Obesidad , Adulto , Anciano , COVID-19/complicaciones , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/mortalidad , Comorbilidad , Femenino , Hospitalización , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/complicaciones , Obesidad/epidemiología , Obesidad/fisiopatología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Determine the histopathological and clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with meningiomas and to establish the frequency of these tumors in the pediatric population Mexican. Determine the NF1/2 frequency in meningioma pediatric. METHODS: Samples from the histopathology file were reviewed, and from the complete clinical file the following patient data was reviewed: age, gender, diagnosis, diagnosis year, surgical resection, location, tumor size, symptoms, and family background. The frequency of NF1/2 in pediatric meningioma was reviewed in literature. RESULTS: Forty-four de novo cases were collected from pediatric patients; 19 were female patients and 25 males. The most frequent histological subtype was transitional meningioma. Of all the cases, 75% had a supratentorial localization and 20% had an extramedullary intrarachidian localization. Some clinical manifestations included seizures, paresis, headache, and visual disturbances. CONCLUSION: There is a low incidence of meningiomas in the pediatric population, more than 70% are Grade I, and they have supratentorial localization.
Asunto(s)
Meningioma , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Meníngeas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Meníngeas/epidemiología , Neoplasias Meníngeas/patología , Meningioma/diagnóstico , Meningioma/epidemiología , Meningioma/patología , México/epidemiología , Clasificación del Tumor , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo y observacional de 30 pacientes con pseudoartrosis del húmero, infectados y no infectados, de febrero de 1989 a mayo de 1991. La etiología de la pseudoartrosis en el 50 por ciento fue por tratamiento conservador y el restante por osteosíntesis inestable, 11 con placas, dos con Hacketal, un clavo intramedular y dos fijadores externos con combinación. Los pacientes fueron tratados con clavo fijo al hueso por pernos y, cuando lo requirieron, injerto óseo autólogo. Se obtuvo consolidación en el 99 por ciento de los casos, sólo se observó retardo de la consolidación en el 1 por ciento. Las complicaciones que se presentaron fueron reuropraxia del nervio radial en el 25 por ciento de los casos. Hubo protrusión del clavo en el hombro y angulación en valgo del húmero, en un caso. Se concluye que las fracturas del húmero deben ser tratadas quirúrgicamente cuando los fragmentos óseos se encuentran diastasados, ya que el tratamiento conservador no ofrece la estabilidad suficiente para obtener consolidación.