Clinical Tooth Color Matching: In Vivo Comparisons of Digital Photocolorimetric and Spectrophotometric Analyses.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the tooth color matching of two dental colorimetric methods: the spectrophotometric analysis (SPM) and the standardized digital photocolorimetric analysis (DPC). METHODS: The color of 60 maxillary central incisors of 30 volunteers (22.5 ± 7.6 years) was analyzed. In the DPC method, tooth photographs were standardized with the eLABor_aid protocol, processed with Adobe Photoshop Lightroom software, and the values of L*, a*, and b* were obtained with a Digital Color Meter software. For the SPM, L*, a*, and b* were measured directly with a handheld spectrophotometer. Data were submitted to paired t-test and Pearson correlation test (α=0.05). Mean color difference between the two methods was calculated with CIELAB formula. RESULTS: All color coordinates revealed different values when comparing DPC to SPM in the same tooth (p<0.0001). Mean color difference (ΔEab) between SPM and DPC was 11.5 ±3.1. A positive correlation was observed for L* (R2=0.73,p<0.0001), a* (R2=0.31, p=0.017), and b* (R2=0.83, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Even though the color coordinate values were different in both methods, they were correlated, revealing that the DPC is a viable alternative to determine the tooth color matching.

Tests to determine LC50 and discriminating doses for macrocyclic lactones against the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus.

Laboratory tests were carried out on larvae and adults of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus to determine the toxicity of macrocyclic lactone acaricides (MLs). Technical and commercial MLs were used in larval packet test (LPT), larval immersion test (LIT) and adult immersion test (AIT). In LIT and AIT the toxicity of MLs was much higher than for LPT. In the AIT, diluting the injectable formulation of MLs in water was as effective as dilution in ethanol+Triton X-100. LC50, LC99.9 and 95% confidence limits were determined so that a discriminating dose (DD) could be set for larval and adult tests in order to diagnose potential resistance to MLs in field samples of the tick. These DDs are for Australian strains of B. microplus and may not be suitable for other strains until further work is carried out. The value of these diagnostic tests can only be verified if or when resistance to MLs emerges in ticks.

Anticorpos em bovinos (Bos indicus e Bos taurus) e bubalinos (Bubalus bubalis) inoculados com oocistos de Toxoplasma gondii: estudo comparativo / Antibody response in bovines (Bos indicus and Bos taurus) and buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) inoculated with oocystis of Toxoplasma gondii: comparative study

Três animais de cada espécie (Bos indicus, Bos taurus e Bubalus bubalis) foram inoculados, via oral, com 2x l0 elevada a quinta potência oocistos de Toxoplasma gondii. Seis outros animais, dois de cada espécie, foram mantidos como testemunhas. A resposta de anticorpos avaliada por meio da reaçäo de imunofluorescência indireta iniciou-se a partir do quinto dia pós-inoculação (DPI) nos zebuínos e bubalinos, e no sétimo DPI nos taurinos. Os títulos sorológicos nos taurinos permaneceram elevados até o final do experimento (70§ DPI), alcançando níveis máximos (1:16.384) entre o 42§ e 49§ DPI. Nos zebuínos e bubalinos o maior título de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma foi de 1:256. A resposta de anticorpos mais ou menos acentuada näo está necessariamente relacionada à sensibilidade ao T. gondii

Anticorpos em bovinos (Bos indicus e Bos taurus) e bubalinos (Bubalus bubalis) inoculados com oocistos de Toxoplasma gondii. Estudo comparativo

Three animals of each species (Bos indicus, Bos taurus and Bubalus bubalis) were oral inoculated with 2.0×10(5) sporulated Toxoplasma gondii oocysts. Six other animals, two of each species, were kept as control. The antibody response by indirect fluorescent antibody test begun on day fifth after inoculation in B. indicus and B. bubalis and on day seventh after inoculation in B. taurus. The serological titles maintained high up to the final of the experiment on day 70th after inoculation in B. taurus and reached the maximum levels (1:16,384) between the 42nd and 49th day after inoculation. In zebu and buffalo, the highest title of anti-Toxoplasma was 1:256. Higher or lower antibody response is not related to T. gondii sensitivity.

Três animais de cada espécie (Bos indicus, Bos taurus e Bubalus bubalis) foram inoculados, via oral, com 2×10(5) oocistos de Toxoplasma gondii. Seis outros animais, dois de cada espécie, foram mantidos como testemunhas. A resposta de anticorpos avaliada por meio da reação de imunofluorescência indireta iniciou-se a partir do quinto dia pós-inoculação (DPI) nos zebuínos e bubalinos, e no sétimo DPI nos taurinos. Os títulos sorológicos nos taurinos permaneceram elevados até o final do experimento (70º DPI), alcançando níveis máximos (1:16.384) entre o 42º e 49º DPI. Nos zebuínos e bubalinos o maior título de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma foi de 1:256. A resposta de anticorpos mais ou menos acentuada não está necessariamente relacionada à sensibilidade ao T. gondii.

Experimental toxoplasmosis in pregnant bitches.

Three Toxoplasma gondii free bitches (No. 3-5) were fed 15000 sporulated T. gondii oocysts at 56, 40 and 32 day of gestation and the outcome of the pregnancy was monitored. Two of the three dogs infected during pregnancy showed evidence of congenital infection and one aborted. Two control bitches not fed oocysts delivered eight uninfected healthy pups. This study demonstrated that T. gondii can be congenitally transmitted in dogs when bitches are infected during pregnancy.