Peripheral Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma withUncommon Clinical Presentation: A Case Report / Fibroma periférico cemento-ossificante con una presentación clínica poco común: Reporte de caso

Abstract Peripheral cemento-ossifying fibroma (PCOF) is a reactive gingival over growth, occurring frequently in the maxillary anterior region of teenage and young females. Peripheral cemento-ossifying fibroma (PCOF) is supposed to be originating from periosteum and/or periodontal ligament. A large number of factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of PCOF, which includes trauma, local irritation, calculus and hormonal disturbances. The definitive diagnosis of PCOF is based upon its clinical, radiological and histological features. Because of the high recurrence rate (8-20%) of PCOF, a close post-operative follow-up is required. Herewith, we are presenting a case of PCOF in 24-year old female patient at an uncommon location.

Resumen El fibroma cemento-osificante periférico (PCOF, por sus siglas en inglés) es un crecimiento gingival reactivo, que se produce con frecuencia en la región anterior del maxilar en adolescentes y mujeres jóvenes. Se supone que el fibroma cemento-osificante periférico (PCOF) se origina en el periostio y/o el ligamento periodontal. Una gran cantidad de factores han sido implicados en la patogénesis de PCOF, dentro de las que se incluye trauma, irritación local, cálculo y alteraciones hormonales. El diagnóstico definitivo de PCOF se basa en sus características clínicas, radiológicas e histológicas. Debido a la alta tasa de recurrencia (8-20%) , se requiere un seguimiento post-operatorio estricto. Mediante este artículo presentamos un caso de PCOF en una paciente de 24 años de edad y el manejo teraupético.

Assessment of digital literacy and use of smart phones among Central Indian dental students.

OBJECTIVES: Education has largely been digitalized. More so, for professional education, keeping updated in this fast paced world has become a necessary requisite and dentistry has not been left untouched. This cross sectional questionnaire based study aimed to assess the digital literacy and smartphone usage amongst the 260 Central Indian dental students including their perspicacity about smartphone/internet usage for learning purposes. The students' attitude for implementation of digital technology in study programs/education system was also evaluated. METHODS: The questionnaire was distributed among total 260 dental students from different dental institutes of Central India. The data was collected and analyzed using SPSS software. RESULTS: Out of 260 students, 250 were internet users, out of which 56% had internet access all time. 94.23% students owned a smartphone. 46.53% (114/245) students had some app related to the dentistry in their smartphone device. The commonest site for surfing related to knowledge seeking was google scholar (72%) followed by Pubmed and others. Nearly 80% dental students believed that social media helps them in their professional course studies. Post graduate students showed statistitically significant difference from undergraduates and interns in terms of knowledge of keywords, dental apps and reading research journals. 89.23% students were keen for implementation of e-learning in their curriculum. CONCLUSION: This study reflects willingness of dental students to adopt digital revolution in dental education which in turn may present an opportunity for educators and policy makers to modify educational methods and thereby advance student's current learning approaches.

Oral submucous fibrosis: an etiological dilemma.

OBJECTIVE: Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSF), is a well-recognized, oral potentially malignant disorder predominantly affecting the South- Asian countries. OSF causes unique generalized fibrosis of the submucosal oral soft tissues, resulting in marked rigidity of the oral mucosa leading to progressive inability to open the mouth, rigidity of lips and difficulty in protruding the tongue. In this review we have discussed the multifactorial etiology of this potentially malignant disorder, including Chillies, Nutritional Deficiencies, Inducible nitric oxide synthsis (iNOS), genetic and immunological predisposition; and most importantly the role of areca nut and the effect of copper content in it.

Clear Cell Variant of Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor: A Rare Clinical Entity.

Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) is a rare benign odontogenic neoplasm of the jaws. Although clear cells have been reported in approximately 8% of cases of CEOT, the exact nature of these cells in clear cell calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CCEOT) has not been elucidated. Presence of clear cells in CEOT may confer a more aggressive behavior to the lesion and a tendency for recurrence and metastatic spread. We report of a case of CCEOT in a 63 year old female patient which was first treated with enucleation; however recurrence prompted a segmental resection along with coronoid and condyle.

Primary Ewing sarcoma of the coronoid process of mandible.

Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a rare, primary malignancy of the bone that occurs mainly in childhood and early adolescence. ES usually occurs in long bones of the axial skeleton. Although uncommon in the jaws, ES at this site is most likely to occur in the posterior mandible. The outcome for patients with localised disease has improved over the decades, due to better combination chemotherapies and better methods of local control. We present the clinicopathologic features and management of a case of ES that developed in the left coronoid process of the mandible of a 31-year-old male. Chemotherapy and, later, a segmental mandibulectomy were used to achieve local control. A fibula-free flap repair was performed with good aesthetic results. This case elucidates the importance of the interdisciplinary approach required for the evaluation and treatment of this aggressive neoplasm.

Peripheral odontogenic fibroma: a rare gingival neoplasm with clinico-pathological differential diagnosis.

The peripheral odontogenic fibroma (POdF) is a rare gingival neoplasm, characterised by relatively mature collagenous fibrous tissue and varying amounts of odontogenic epithelium. It can be described as a slow growing, firmly attached, solid and smooth gingival mass which may be present asymptomatically for years, which may cause displacement of adjacent teeth. The purpose of this article is to discuss a case of POdF, occurring in the maxillary anterior region, with detailed clinico-pathological differential diagnosis to clarify characteristic features of various gingival overgrowths to enhance easy identification.

Management of synodontia between dilacerated permanent maxillary central incisor and supernumerary tooth with aid of cone-beam computed tomography.

A malformed tooth characterized by one or more developmental disturbances is often difficult to treat. When such teeth are present in anterior region, they pose a technical challenge for the clinician to restore esthetics as well as function. This case describes endodontic, surgical, and restorative management of fused and dilacerated maxillary central incisor. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used in the present case to aid in understanding of complicated tooth morphology and managing the case successfully.

Frequency of second mesiobuccal canal in permanent maxillary first molars using the operating microscope and selective dentin removal: A clinical study.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the combination of operating microscope and selective dentin removal increased the frequency of second mesiobuccal (MB2) canal detection in permanent maxillary first molar teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred fifty permanent maxillary first molars indicated for root canal treatment were randomly selected from patients belonging to the age group of 18-45 years irrespective of gender. After access cavity preparation and location of main canals, the MB2 canal orifice was sought in all teeth with an endodontic explorer under direct vision (Stage I), then under magnification with the aid of operating microscope (Stage II) and finally with the combined use of operating microscope and selective dentin removal (Stage III). RESULTS: MB2 canals were detected in 36%, 54% and 72% of the teeth in Stages I-III, respectively. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that dental operating microscope when used along with adjunctive aids such as selective dentin removal/troughing and good clinical knowledge will increase the ability of dental clinician to locate MB2 canals.

Scientific misconduct: a perspective from India.

Misconduct in medical science research is an unfortunate reality. Science, for the most part, operates on the basis of trust. Researchers are expected to carry out their work and report their findings honestly. But, sadly, that is not how science always gets done. Reports keep surfacing from various countries about work being plagiarised, results which were doctored and data fabricated. Scientific misconduct is scourge afflicting the field of science, unfortunately with little impact in developing countries like India especially in health care services. A recent survey and a meta-analysis suggest that the few cases that do float up represents only tip of a large iceberg. This paper therefore highlights reasons for misconduct with steps that can be taken to reduce misconduct. Also the paper throws light on Indian scenario in relation to misconduct.

Evaluation of ponticulus posticus on digital lateral cephalograms and cone beam computed tomography in patients with migraine and healthy individuals: a comparative study.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ponticulus posticus (PP) in patients with migraine. STUDY DESIGN: The presence and types of PP were investigated in 100 patients with migraine and 100 healthy controls on digital lateral cephalograms and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. RESULTS: PP was found in 42% of the patients with migraine and in 19% of the healthy controls on digital lateral cephalograms. CBCT scan found PP in 40 patients with migraine and in 18 healthy controls. The agreement between the occurrence of PP seen on digital lateral cephalograms and that seen on CBCT images was "very good" (κ = 0.92). CONCLUSIONS: Significant association was found between PP and migraine. PP is easily visible on lateral cephalograms. For a more accurate diagnosis, CBCT is required. Therefore, radiographic detection of PP must be considered an important task, because this anomaly may be a key indicator of an underlying disease process.