[Air pollution in an urban area nearby the Rome-Ciampino city airport]. / Inquinamento atmosferico in un'area urbana limitrofa all'aeroporto di Roma-Ciampino.

OBJECTIVES: to assess air pollution spatial and temporal variability in the urban area nearby the Ciampino International Airport (Rome) and to investigate the airport-related emissions contribute. DESIGN AND SETTING: the study domain was a 64 km2 area around the airport. Two fifteen-day monitoring campaigns (late spring, winter) were carried out. Results were evaluated using several runs outputs of an airport-related sources Lagrangian particle model and a photochemical model (the Flexible Air quality Regional Model, FARM). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: both standard and high time resolution air pollutant concentrations measurements: CO, NO, NO2, C6H6, mass and number concentration of several PM fractions. 46 fixed points (spread over the study area) of NO2 and volatile organic compounds concentrations (fifteen days averages); deterministic models outputs. RESULTS: standard time resolution measurements, as well as model outputs, showed the airport contribution to air pollution levels being little compared to the main source in the area (i.e. vehicular traffic). However, using high time resolution measurements, peaks of particles associated with aircraft takeoff (total number concentration and soot mass concentration), and landing (coarse mass concentration) were observed, when the site measurement was downwind to the runway. CONCLUSIONS: the frequently observed transient spikes associated with aircraft movements could lead to a not negligible contribute to ultrafine, soot and coarse particles exposure of people living around the airport. Such contribute and its spatial and temporal variability should be investigated when assessing the airports air quality impact.

Side effects and complication of Port-A-Cath.

Central venous catheter techniques find at present use for administering of NPT, for the drug injection ( especially chemiotherapeutic drugs) because of the possible damage of a few substances when perfused in a peripheral way. At present port-a-cath find their most extensive use: these are systems which can be set up and tolerated for many months. For the access to subclavian vein must be necessary put in supine decubitus, with light Trendelenburg position, with the opposite arm along the body and the head turned on the opposite side. In this way the clavicle is in perpendicular position with regard to the sternal handlebar, except for patient affected with bpco, kypho-scoliosis, scapular-homeral arthrosis. In these patients the clavicle can put on a particular course, oblique and upper as to the sternal articular face. So there is a serious obstacle to the passage to the metal needle under the clavicle. KEY WORDS: Chemiotherapy, CVC, NPT, Port-a-Cath.