Oral squamous cell carcinomas and oral potentially malignant disorders: A Latin American study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) associated or not with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), and the epidemiological profile and traditional risk factors in Latin America. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted in 17 Latin American centres. There were included cases of OSCC, analysing age, gender, OSCC and their association with previous OPMD. Clinicopathological variables were retrieved. The condition of sequential-OSCC versus OSCC-de novo (OSCC-dn) was analysed concerning the aforementioned variables. Quantitative variables were analysed using Student's t-test, and qualitative variables with chi-square. RESULTS: In total, 2705 OSCC were included with a mean age of 62.8 years old. 55.8% were men. 53.75% of the patients were smokers and 38% were common drinkers. The lateral tongue border was the most affected site (24.65%). There were regional variations in OPMD, being leukoplakia the most frequent. Of the overall 2705 OSCC cases, 81.4% corresponded to OSCC-dn, while s-OSCC were 18.6%. Regarding lip vermillion SCC, 35.7% corresponded to de novo lip SCC and 64.3% were associated with previous OPMD. CONCLUSIONS: In Latin America, OSCC-dn seems to be more frequent with regional variations of some clinical and histopathological features. Further prospective studies are needed to analyse this phenomenon.

Development of New Experimental Dentifrice of Peruvian Solanum tuberosum (Tocosh) Fermented by Water Stress: Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity.

AIM: "Tocosh" is a potato that has undergone a process of hydraulic oxidation that enhances its antimicrobial properties so that this natural resource can be used in medical sciences. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of a new experimental tooth based on Solanum tuberosum "Tocosh" on the cell lines 3T3 and DU145. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate the cytotoxicity, cell cultures 3T3 and DU145 were used. Cell viability was determined by the MTT assay (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) in a medium containing 10% calf serum where the cells were preincubated at a concentration of 1 × 106 cells/mL in culture medium for 3 hours at 37°C and 6.5% CO2. Then, the absorbance was measured using a microplate reader where the formazan crystals were diluted with acidic and cold isopropanol, and quantified in an ELISA reader. To evaluate the antibacterial effect, the Kirby Bauer inhibition halos method was used on strains of S. aureus (ATCC 25923), S. mutans (ATCC 25175), and S. mitis (ATCC 49456). RESULTS: Solanum tuberosum (tocosh) was not cytotoxic because it only had one CC50 at the concentration of 0.26927 mg/mL and 0.26845 mg/mL for the cell lines 3T3 and DU145, respectively. Tocosh toothpaste (TD) has an antibacterial effect against S. aureus and S. mutans. CONCLUSION: The new ecological dentifrice was not cytotoxic since it did not alter cell viability because its CC50 was only 0.268 and 0.269 µg/mL for the 3T3 and DU145 cell lines, respectively; however, it presented an optimal antimicrobial activity against the oral strains evaluated. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This research has great potential for clinical use because this new dentifrice has antimicrobial activity against different oral germs. How to cite this article: Mayta-Tovalino F, Sedano-Balbin G, Romero-Tapia P, et al. Development of New Experimental Dentifrice of Peruvian Solanum tuberosum (Tocosh) Fermented by Water Stress: Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity. J Contemp Dent Pract 2019;20(10):1206-1211.

Association Between Self-Perceived Oral Health and Clinical Indicators.

PURPOSE: To determine whether self-perceived oral health impact and satisfaction measure oral health in the same way as do clinical indicators in adults and older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The population consisted of adult patients aged 20 to 59 years receiving care at "Juan Pablo II" Health Care Centre and older adult patients aged 60 or more years from the home for the elderly "Virgen del Amor Hermoso", Lima, Peru. The indices Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) and Oral Satisfaction Scale of 0-10 (OSS 0-10) were used to evaluate perceived impact of and satisfaction with oral health. In addition, the following internationally validated criteria established by the World Health Organization (WHO) were used as clinical indicators: Decayed-Missing-Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index, O'Leary's Hygiene Index, Community Periodontal Index, Motivation to Hygiene Index, Denture Situation Index, Need for Denture Index, Denture Hygiene Index and Oral Mucosal Lesion Index. RESULTS: Forty-four adults and 53 older adults participated. OIDP showed that the greatest perceived difficulty in daily performance was "eating and enjoying food" (adults: 77.3% and older adults: 79.2%). The OSS 0-10 showed that among adults, 43.1% were dissatisfied, 20.5% were neutral and 36.4% were satisfied, while among older adults, 45.3% were dissatisfied, 22.6% were neutral and 32.1% were satisfied. A statistically significant association was found between OSS 0-10 and 1. DMFT index in adults; 2. upper denture situation in older adults; and 3. denture hygiene in older adults. A highly significant inverse linear correlation was found between OIDP and OSS 0-10 in adults and older adults. CONCLUSION: The perceived impact of oral health does not have a demonstrable association with oral health problems when used as an instrument for measuring oral health status, whereas perceived satisfaction with oral health has a better association with the clinical indicators.

Manejo bajo sedación consciente de quiste de erupción en infante / Management under conscious sedation of an infant with eruption cyst

El quiste de erupción es un quiste extra óseo justo antes de la erupción de los dientes, se presenta de color negro azulado, debido a su contenido sanguinolento. Los problemas clínicos causados por su presencia son: retraso de erupción y dolor durante la masticación. No precisa tratamiento si las lesiones desaparecen por sí solos al romperse espontáneamente, permitiendo la erupción dental, aunque no siempre sucede esto y en caso de dolor o infección. El objetivo del presente estudio fue reportar el caso de un infante de 1 año y 8 meses que presentaba quiste de erupción, con aparente buen estado de salud que fue referido a la Clínica de Postgrado de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. El tratamiento quirúrgico de elección fue la ulectomía bajo sedación consciente, la excisión simple del quiste de erupción se realizó a nivel del diente 63, cuyo propósito fue evacuar su contenido y eliminar la presión intracística. Se realizó la monitorización del proceso de erupción dental para asegurar un desarrollo adecuado y evolución favorable, devolviendo la salud de los tejidos blandos y manteniendo una buena salud oral.

It is called eruption cyst, follicular growth just before the eruption of teeth, this lesion cystic extra-bone type is presented in black-blue color, due to its bloody content. Clinical problems caused by the presence of cyst are delayed eruption and pain during chewing. No treatment required if the lesions disappear on their own to break spontaneously, allowing tooth eruption, except in case of infection. The aim of this study was to report the case of an infant patient of one year-old and 8 months, with good overall health, referring to the Specialty Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry at Universidad National Mayor of San Marcos. The surgical treatment was indicated ulectomy under conscious sedation, the simple excision of the eruption cyst was performed at the level of the tooth 63, whose purpose was to evacuate their contents and removing the intracistic pressure. The dental eruption process was monitored to ensure proper development and favorable evolution, restoring the health of soft tissues and maintaining good oral health.

Bacterias en superficies contactadas durante las tomas radiográficas intraorales / Bacteria in contacting surfaces during intraoral radiographies procedures

Determinar la presencia de bacterias mediante el análisis microbiológico en las superficies contactadas por el operador durante la toma y procesado de radiografías intraorales en diferentes momentos del día en el Servicio de Radiología Oral de la UPCH. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un muestreo en nueve superficies del servicio de radiología oral. Las muestras se tomaron en dos momentos por el mismo investigador; al inicio y al finalizar las actividades en el servicio, se realizó el hisopado de las superficies con Caldo de Tripticasa Soya (TSB). Las muestras fueron inoculadas e incubadas en tres medios de cultivos (Agar Plate Count, Agar Sangre Cordero y Agar Cetrimide). Luego se realizó el conteo respectivo de Unidad Formadoras de Colonias (UFC) y también se realizó la tinción Gram. Resultados: Se encontró una alta cantidad concentración de bacterias (4180 UFC/mL) y hongos en el servicio radiología oral. Los cocos gram positivos fueron los microorganismos encontrados con más frecuencia y los bacilos gram negativos fueron menos encontradas. Conclusiones: Existe una gran contaminación de bacterias en el servicio de radiología oral. Al finalizar las actividades disminuye la cantidad de bacterias, pero aumenta la variedad de bacterias...

Determinate the presence of bacteria through a microbiological analysis of contacting surfaces in a radiology service from the operator during the taking and process of intraoral radiographies in different moments of the day. Materials and methods: A sample was taken from nine surfaces of the oral radiography service. Samples were taken with a cotton stick swap with Triptic Soy Broth (TSB) in two different moments by the same investigator; at beginning and that the end of activities. The samples were inoculated and incubated in three different cultivar measures (Plate Count Agar, Sheep Blood Agar and Cetrimide Agar) and also Gram stein was realized. Results: A high concentration of bacteria (4180 UFC/mL) and fungus was found in the oral radiology service. The coccus gram-positive was most frequently found microorganism and bacillus gram-negative was poorly found microorganism in this study. Conclusions: A high of contamination with bacteria was found in the oral radiology service. At the end of activities of the day, decrease the quantity of bacteria, but increase variety of bacteria...

Enfermedad periodontal en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 con y sin obesidad en Lima, Perú / Periodontal disease in type 2 diabetic patients with and without obesity from Lima, Perú

Determinar si la enfermedad periodontal afecta más a pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 con obesidad que a los pacientes sin obesidad. Material y métodos: La población estuvo conformado por 170 pacientes con diagnóstico de Diabetes Mellitus (DM) tipo 2; fueron divididos en dos grupos 85 diabéticos obesos y 85 diabéticos no obesos: el grupo obesos fue de 55 mujeres y 30 hombres mientras que el grupo sin obesidad fue de 37 mujeres y 48 hombres. Se utilizó el Índice Periodontal Comunitario Modificado y la ficha de registro de datos aprobados por la OMS, la evaluación clínica se realizó tomando en cuenta, profundidad de las bolsas y la presencia de furca dental. Resultados: De los 85 pacientes con obesidad, el 83,53% presentó bolsas periodontales de 4-5 mm y el 16,47% presentó bolsas > o = 6 mm, mientras que en el grupo sin obesidad el 90,59% presentó bolsas de 4-5 mm, el 7,06% presentó bolsas > o = 6 mm y el 2,35% no presentó bolsas. Conclusión: No hay diferencias en los signos de enfermedad periodontal en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 con obesidad y sin obesidad...

To determine the presence and characteristics of periodontal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without obesity. Material and Methods: Population consisted of patients diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM); 170 patients were divided among 85 obese diabetic patients and 85 diabetic patients not obese, obese patients 55 were women and 30 were men, in the non-obese group 37 were female and 48 male cases. Community Periodontal Index Modified and data recording sheet approved by WHO were used, clinical evaluation was performed taking into account, pocket depth and the presence of dental bifurcation. Results: Periodontal pockets of 4-5 mm in obese patients were 83.53% and 16.47% presented pockets >o = 6 mm, while in the group without obesity 90.59% showed pockets of 4-5 mm and 7.06% presented pockets >o = 6 mm while 2.35% (2 cases) had no pockets. Conclusion: No differences in the signs of periodontal disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with obesity and non-obese...

Manifestaciones bucales y radiológicas en pacientes pediátricos con insuficiencia renal crónica / Clinical and radiographic oral manifestations in pediatric patients with chronic renal failure

La insuficiencia renal crónica y su tratamiento traen como consecuencia la presencia de cambios metabólicos y fisiopatológicos, los cuales pueden afectar a nivel bucodental y a nivel óseo en pacientes pediátricos. Estos cambios pueden ser apreciados tanto clínica como radiográficamente. Dado que la insuficiencia renal crónica representa, al igual que otras enfermedades crónicas, un problema de salud pública, por su importante morbi-mortalidad y costo socioeconómico, es esencial conocer los procesos patológicos o alteraciones involucrados. El propósito de esta revisión es describir las manifestaciones bucales clínicas y radiológicas, que se pueden presentar en los pacientes pediátricos con insuficiencia renal crónica, para que estos problemas sean mejor identificados por el cirujano dentista como participante del cuidado multidisciplinario de los pacientes con este padecimiento renal...

Chronic renal failure and its treatment results in the presence of metabolic and pathophysiological changes, which can affect oral cavity, teeth and jaws in pediatric patients. These changes can be assessed clinically and radiographically. Since chronic renal failure is, like other chronic diseases, a public health problem, because of its high morbidity, mortality and socioeconomic costs, it is essential to know the pathological processes or alterations involved. The purpose of this review is to describe the clinical and radiographic oral manifestations, which may occur in pediatric patients with chronic renal failure, so that these problems are best identified by the dental surgeon as a member of the multidisciplinary care of patients with this renal disease...

Malignant lymphoma of the oral cavity and the maxillofacial region: Overall survival prognostic factors

Objective: To identify the overall survival and prognostic factors of malignant lymphoma of the oral cavity and the maxillofacial region. Study Design: Clinical records data were obtained in order to determine overall survival at 2 and 5 years, the individual survival percentage of each possible prognostic factor with the actuarial technique, and the survival regarding the possible prognostic factors with the actuarial technique and the Log-rank and Cox's regression tests. Results: Of 151 subjects, an overall survival was 60% at 2 years, and 45% at 5 years. The multivariate analysis demonstrated statistically significant differences for clinical stage (p=0.002), extranodal involvement (p=0.030), presence of human immunodeficiency virus (p=0.032), and presence of Epstein-Barr virus (p=0.010). Conclusion: The advanced clinical stage and the larger number of involved extranodular sites are related to a lower overall survival, as well as, the presence of previous infections such as the human immunodeficiency and the Epstein-Barr virus (AU)

Malignant lymphoma of the oral cavity and the maxillofacial region: overall survival prognostic factors.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the overall survival and prognostic factors of malignant lymphoma of the oral cavity and the maxillofacial region. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical records data were obtained in order to determine overall survival at 2 and 5 years, the individual survival percentage of each possible prognostic factor with the actuarial technique, and the survival regarding the possible prognostic factors with the actuarial technique and the Log-rank and Cox's regression tests. RESULTS: Of 151 subjects, an overall survival was 60% at 2 years, and 45% at 5 years. The multivariate analysis demonstrated statistically significant differences for clinical stage (p=0.002), extranodal involvement (p=0.030), presence of human immunodeficiency virus (p=0.032), and presence of Epstein-Barr virus (p=0.010). CONCLUSION: The advanced clinical stage and the larger number of involved extranodular sites are related to a lower overall survival, as well as, the presence of previous infections such as the human immunodeficiency and the Epstein-Barr virus.

Epidemiology of the sarcomas of the jaws in a Peruvian population

Objective: Analysis of the clinical characteristics of patients with Sarcomas of the Jaws treated in the "Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas. Dr. Eduardo Caceres Graziani" from 1952-2007.Study Design: Review of 155 clinical records of patients with Sarcomas of the Jaws and record of age, gender, size, location, clinical symptoms and signs, histopathological diagnoses and type of treatment. The data obtained were analyzed by means of Student’s statistical t-test, Fisher and Friedman’s test. Results: Analysis of 155 Sarcomas of the Jaws. The average age of patients was 36.8 years old (range: 1-80 years);the female gender was the most frequent (52.9%); the average tumor size was 5.5 cm; in upper jaw 54.84% occurred and 45.16% in the lower jaw; the predominant sign was facial asymmetry (87.74%) and the predominant symptom: pain (63.23%). The most frequent diagnosis was Osteosarcoma 50.3% followed by Chondrosarcoma18%. Surgery plus radiation therapy was the treatment type of choice with 21.94% of cases. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate the delayed diagnosis and facial asymmetry and pain appear as the most important events for the diagnosis of Sarcomas of the Jaws (AU)

Malignant melanoma of the oral cavity. Review of the literature and experience in a Peruvian Population

Objective: To determine the epidemiological profile of malignant melanoma cases treated at the National Institutefor Neoplastic Diseases "Dr. Eduardo Caceres Graziani" (INEN) over the period 1952 to 2008.Study Design: All clinical records with complete data of patients presenting a histopathological diagnosis of malignant melanoma of the oral cavity were reviewed. Data such as age, gender, location, tumor size, disease length, presence of metastasis, treatment received and year of admission were recorded. Results: During the study period 97 cases were found. The average age of patients was 52.85±1.6 years old mostly between 50 and 59 years old; the predominant gender was the female. The most common location was the palate and there was 58.8% of cases with a tumor size bigger than or equal to 4 cm. The length of the disease in 38.1% of the cases was longer than a year and in great part of the cases (69.1%) there was no metastasis. The treatment of choice was the surgery plus radiotherapy in 38.1% of the cases. According to the admission date it was also noted that the number of cases is increasing. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate a late diagnosis and an increasing frequency of this neoplasia in the oral cavity (AU)

Propóleo Peruano: una nueva alternativa terapéutica antimicrobiana en Estomatología / Peruvian Propolis: a new alternative in dental antimicrobial therapy

El propóleo es una sustancia resinosa compleja constituida por una gran variedad de compuestos químicos (esteres, flavonoides etc.), su composición no es estable y varía según la fuente de procedencia. Además, una de las propiedades más importantes del propóleo es su actividad antibacteriana, la cual se le atribuye fundamentalmente a los flavonoides. El propóleo se conoce desde la más remota antigüedad y ha sido utilizado por diferentes culturas con diversas finalidades. Con el posterior desarrollo de la farmacéutica y tratamientos fitoterápicos existe un resurgimiento en su uso. Es por esa razón que en los últimos años se han realizado algunas investigaciones acerca de los productos provenientes de las abejas y sus potenciales beneficios para la salud oral. Por lo tanto, la presente revisión de la literatura recolecta la información disponible sobre la composición del propóleo según zona geográfica y la actividad antibacteriana que tiene el propóleo aplicado a la estomatología.

Propolis is a resinous substance complex consisting of a variety of chemical compounds (esters, flavonoids, etc.), it's composition is not stable and varies depending on the source. In addition, one of the most important properties of propolis is its activity antibacterial, which is attributed mainly to flavonoides. Propolis has been known since ancient times and has been used by different cultures for various purposes. With the subsequent development of pharmaceutical and herbal treatments there is a resurgence in its use. It is for this reason that in recent years have done some research about the products from the bees and their potential health benefits oral. Therefore, this literature review collects the available information on properties of propolis depends on geography and the antibacterial activity propolis has applied to dentistry.

Systematic review of lymphoma in oral cavity and maxillofacial region.

The aim of this paper is to determine, compare and summarize presentation characteristics of patients with lymphoma of the oral cavity and maxillofacial region using the results of different primary studies. Articles from the PubMed database published between 1990 and 2010 were reviewed. The key words "Lymphoma" and "Oral" were used to search for titles, identifying 215 articles, of which 178 were excluded and 37 were used for this review. After evaluation, the researchers agreed to include 15 of the papers in the study. This paper describes the author year published, number of cases, sex, age, location, signs and symptoms, classification, diagnosis, staging and treatment reported in each of the 15 studies. A total 714 patients are described. In 11 out of 13 studies, there were more cases in males than females. Ages ranged from 3 to 96 years. Presentation was most frequently the gingiva and the main sign was swelling. Staging was described for only 177 cases and treatment was described for only 110 cases. It is concluded that the presentation of most of the lymphomas of the oral cavity and maxillofacial region is extranodal, non-Hodgkin's. The most common locations are gingiva in the oral activity and Waldeyers's ring in the maxillofacial region. Although these lymphomas are rare pathological entities, it is important to describe the complete manifestation of their natural history in order to provide knowledge of their development.

Systematic review of lymphoma in oral cavity and maxillofacial region

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar las característicasde presentación de pacientes con linfoma en la cavidad oral y la región maxilofacial para comparar estas presentaciones y permitir sintetizar los resultados provenientes de diversos estudios primarios. Fueron incluidos artículos de la base de datos PubMed desde el año 1990 hasta el año 2010. Se incluyeron como palabras claves en el título de los artículos: “Lymphoma”y “Oral”. Se identificaron 215 artículos de los que fueron excluidos 178 estudios quedando para este estudio 37 artículos. Los investigadores evaluaron estos artículos alcanzando un acuerdopara la inclusión de 15 artículos para este estudio. Se describe de los 15 estudios autor, año de publicación del estudio, número de casos, sexo, edad, localización, signos y síntomas, clasificación, diagnóstico, estadiaje y tratamiento. Un total de 714 pacientes se describen siendo en 11 de 13 estudiosel mayor número de casos en hombres que mujeres; la edad estuvo en un rango de 3 a 96 años. La localización de mayorpresentación fue la gingiva y el aumento de volumen fue el principal signo. Solo de 177 casos fueron descritos su estadiaje y solo de 110 casos su tratamiento. Se concluye que los linfomas de la cavidad oral y la región maxilofacial son de mayor presentacióndel tipo no Hodgkin, a nivel extranodal. La gingiva en la cavidad oral y el anillo de Waldeyer en la región maxilofacialson las localizaciones más comunes. Son entidades patológicas raras, pero la descripción de la historia natural deesta patología en su completa manifestación es importante parael conocimiento del desarrollo de esta enfermedad.

Efecto antiinflamatorio de la ephedra americana HyB sobre la encía de cobayos en procedimiento quirúrgico / Antiinflammatory effect of the ephedra americana HyB on the gingival tissue of guinea pigs exposed to the surgical procedure

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto antiinflamatorio de la Ephedra americana HyB en cirugía gingival en cobayos. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio experimental en 32 cobayos: 16 cobayos a los que se les aplicó el extracto etanólico de la planta (grupo experimental) y 16 el grupo control. Se les realizó incisión tipo media luna en la encía inferior, con desprendimiento del colgajo y se suturó; luego se obtuvieron biopsias excisionales a las 48 horas y a los 7 días para evaluación histopatológica del proceso inflamatorio. El análisis estadístico incluyó pruebas de U de Mann Withney y suma de rangos asignados de Wilcoxon. Resultados: Al comparar el proceso inflamatorio en ambos grupos a las 48 horas hubo diferencia significativa, siendo menos intenso en el grupo experimental. A los 7 días de evaluación, la inflamación fue menor en el grupo experimental y en algunos casos hubo reparación final. La evolución del proceso inflamatorio para ambos grupos, mostró diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p<0,05); sin embargo, fue mejor en el grupo experimental. Conclusión: La aplicación de Ephedra americana HyB en la encía de cobayos expuesta al procedimiento quirúrgico, reduce el grado de inflamación y permite que la reparación sea más rápida.

Objective: To evaluate the antiinflammatory effect of the Ephedra americana HyB in gingival surgery in guinea pigs. Material and methods: Experimental study in 32 guinea pigs: 16 guinea pigs to which we applied the ethanol extract of the plant (experimental group) and 16 of the control group. A crescent type incision was performed in the lower gum, a flap was detached and it was sutured; then excisional biopsies were obtained at 48 hours and 7 days for histopathological evaluation of the inflammatory process. Statistical analysis included Mann Whitney tests and Wilcoxon rank test. Results: When the inflammatory process in both groups were compared at 48 hours, there was no significant difference, being less intense in the experimental group. After 7 days of evaluation, the inflammation was lower in the experimental group and in some cases there was final reparation. The evolution of the inflammatory process in both groups showed statistically significant difference (p<0.05) but was better in the experimental group. Conclusion: The application of Ephedra americana HyB on the gingival tissue of guinea pigs exposed to the surgical procedure, reduces the degree of inflammation and allows faster repairs.

Evaluación in vitro del efecto antibacteriano del extracto etanólico de propóleo de Oxapampa - Perú sobre cultivos de Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) y Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923) / Evaluation in vitro of antibacterial effect of ethanolic extract of propolis of Oxapampa - Peru againts Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923)

El propósito del estudio fue demostrar el efecto antibacteriano del extracto etanólico de propóleo (EEP) de Oxapampa-Perú evaluando in vitro su acción antibacteriana frente al S. mutans y S. aureus para enfrentarlas a las soluciones: Propóleo 10% y 30% y compararlas con los testigos clorhexidina 0,12 y 0,05%, listerine® y agua destilada. Se evaluó la actividad antimicrobiana mediante el método de Kirby-Bauer. El diseño del estudio fue de tipo experimental in vitro y el tamaño muestral fue 16. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó la prueba t de Student. Se determinó que para el S. aureus, el EEP al 30% presentó mayor eficacia con una media de 11,77mm±0,19 y se encontró que las dos concentraciones de propóleo a las 24 y 48 horas mostraron diferencia significativa p=0,007. Además, se determinó que para el S. mutans, tanto el EEP al 10% y 30% a las 24 y 48 horas no mostraron diferencia significativa. Se concluye queel EEP al 30% tuvo mayor efecto antibacteriano que el Listerine® contra el S. mutans p<0,001 e igual en efectividad que la clorhexidina 0,05% frente al S. aureus.

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the antibacterial effect of ethanolic extract of propolis of Oxapampa-Peru, evaluating in vitro its antibacterial action against S. mutans and S. aureus to compare with the solutions: Propolis 10 and 30%, Clorhexidine 0.12 and 0.05%, Listerine® and distilled water, using the Kirby-Bauer method. The study design was experimental in vitro and the sample size was n=16. For the analysis of data we used the Student t test. It was found that for S. aureus, the EEOP-30% was more effective with an average of 11.77±0.19 mm and found that both concentrations of propolis at 24 and 48 hours showed significant difference p=0.007. Furthermore, it was determined that for S. mutans, the EEOP 10 and 30% at 24 and 48 hours showed no significant differences. In conclusion, the EEOP 30% had the greatest antibacterial effect than Listerine® against S. mutans with p<0.001 and EEOP 30% had the same activity that chlorhexidine 0.05%, over S. aureus.

Comparación histológica de la reparación ósea alveolar post-exodoncia utilizando una membrana colágena tipo esponja y un material de sulfato de calcio / Histological evaluation of alveolar bone repair post tooth extraction using a collagen sponge membrane and a calcium sulfate graft

El propósito del estudio fue evaluar histológicamente la reparación ósea alveolar post-exodoncia en animales de experimentación usando una membrana colágena tipo esponja y un material desulfato de calcio. Se utilizaron 24 cobayos (Cavia porcellus) a los que se les realizó la extracción de las primeras molares mandibulares y fueron divididos en dos grupos: uno con membrana colágena tipo esponja y otro con material de sulfato de calcio. La reparación alveolar fue comprada con un grupo control y evaluada a los 7, 14 y 30 días por el método histomorfométrico de conteo diferencial de puntos para los siguientes factores: coágulo sanguíneo, tejido de granulación,matriz provisional, hueso mineralizado. El coágulo sanguíneo se encontró en mayor porcentaje en el tercio apical para el sulfato de calcio a los 7 días (60,57 por ciento), la matriz provisionalpara la membrana colágena a los 7 días (85,48 por ciento) y el hueso mineralizado para el sulfato decalcio a los 30 días (50,73 por ciento). No hubo diferencias en la reparación alveolar al utilizar membranacolágena comparada con el lado control, aunque al comparar el sulfato de calcio con el control fue mayor en este último en matriz provisional a los 14 días y en hueso mineralizado a los 7 días.En conclusión, no hubo diferencia histológica en la reparación ósea alveolar post-exodoncia al comparar la membrana colágena tipo esponja y el sulfato de calcio con sus respectivos alvéolos controles.

The aim of study was to evaluate the histological alveolar bone repair post tooth extraction in experimental animals using a collagen sponge membrane and a graft of calcium sulfate . The experimental group was constituted by 24 guinea pigs and were subjected to the extraction of mandibular first molar, under general anesthesia; they were divided into two groups: one with collagen sponge membrane and the other with the calcium sulfate graft. The groups were compared with a control group and were evaluated at 7, 14 and 30 days post-extraction. The histological evaluation was performed to measure the relative volume fraction of the components of alveolar repair (blood clot, granulation tissue, provisional matrix, mineralized bone) which was estimated by a differential point-counting method. The highest percentage of blood clotwas in the apical third, for the calcium sulfate at 7 days (60.57 percent), provisional matrix for the collagen membrane at 7 days (85.48 percent) and in mineralized bone for Calcium sulfate to 30 days (50.73 percent). By comparing the calcium sulfate with the control, there were differences in theprovisional matrix at 14 days and in mineralized bone after 7 days (third apical) . When comparing the collagen membrane with calcium sulfate, there were differences in blood clot(lower for the collagen membrane) and provisional matrix (higher for the collagen membrane) after 7 days in the apical third. In conclusion, there was no hostologic difference in alveolarrepair post extraction when compared collagen membrane and Calcium sulfate with their controls.